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Rail ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970 f 1980 1990 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 (R) 2005 2006Class I a,1Operating revenues, total ($ millions) 9,514 11,992 28,258 28,370 30,809 32,280 32,693 33,118 33,151 33,521 34,102 34,576 35,327 36,639 40,517 46,118 52,152Passenger 640 421 446 94 88 89 59 60 61 61 62 62 61 62 63 65 70Freight 8,025 10,922 26,350 27,471 29,931 31,356 31,889 32,322 32,247 32,680 33,083 33,533 34,110 35,413 39,131 44,457 50,315Other 849 649 1,462 805 790 835 745 736 843 780 957 981 1,155 1,164 1,323 1,597 1,767Operating expenses ($ millions) b 8,775 11,478 26,355 24,652 25,511 27,897 26,331 27,291 27,916 28,011 29,040 29,164 29,592 31,440 35,107 37,843 40,980Amtrak c,2Total revenue ($ millions) N 162 429 1,308 1,413 1,490 1,550 1,669 2,244 2,011 2,111 2,109 2,228 (R) 1,994 (R) 1,865 1,886 2,042Total expenses ($ millions) N 301 1,103 2,012 2,246 2,257 2,258 2,359 2,548 2,660 2,876 3,288 3,224 (R) 3,100 (R) 2,950 2,940 3,005INVENTORYClass I a, 1Number of vehicles, total (R) 1,994,517 (R) 1,811,258 (R) 1,738,921 (R) 1,231,096 (R) 1,210,917 (R) 1,237,739 (R) 1,259,842 (R) 1,290,103 (R) 1,335,928 (R) 1,389,092 (R) 1,400,824 (R) 1,333,881 (R) 1,320,176 (R) 1,299,751 (R) 1,309,935 1,335,024 1,370,239Class I freight cars 1,658,292 1,423,921 1,168,114 658,902 590,930 583,486 570,865 568,493 575,604 579,140 560,154 499,860 477,751 467,063 473,773 474,839 475,415Other nonclass I freight cars 307,194 360,260 542,713 553,359 601,482 635,441 669,708 701,926 740,063 789,696 820,642 814,276 821,919 811,917 814,147 837,406 871,092Number of Locomotives 29,031 27,077 28,094 18,835 18,505 18,812 19,269 19,684 20,261 20,256 20,028 19,745 20,506 20,771 22,015 22,779 23,732Number of companies 106 71 38 14 12 11 10 9 9 9 8 8 7 7 7 7 7Number of employees 780,494 566,282 458,994 216,424 189,962 188,215 181,809 177,981 178,222 177,557 168,360 162,155 157,372 154,652 157,699 162,438 167,581Miles of road owned 207,334 196,479 164,822 119,758 109,332 108,264 105,779 102,128 100,570 99,430 99,250 (R) 97,817 (R) 100,125 (R) 99,126 (R) 97,662 95,830 94,614AmtrakNumber of passenger vehicles 3Train-cars N 1,569 2,128 1,863 1,852 1,722 1,730 1,728 1,962 1,992 1,894 2,084 2,896 1,623 1,211 1,186 1,191Locomotives N 185 419 318 338 313 299 332 345 329 378 401 372 442 276 258 319Number of employees 4 N 1,500 21,416 24,000 25,049 23,646 23,278 23,555 24,528 25,291 25,624 27,316 22,649 20,905 20,938 19,234 18,659System route mileage 5 N N 24,000 24,000 25,000 24,000 25,000 25,000 22,000 23,000 23,000 23,000 23,000 22,675 22,256 22,007 21,708PERFORMANCEClass I aCar mileage, freight (thousands) 1 28,170,000 29,890,000 29,277,000 26,159,000 28,485,000 30,383,000 31,715,000 31,660,000 32,657,000 33,851,000 34,590,000 34,243,000 34,680,000 35,555,000 37,071,000 37,712,000 38,955,000Train mileage, freight (thousands) 1 404,464 427,065 428,498 379,582 440,896 458,271 468,792 474,954 474,947 490,442 504,001 499,546 499,668 515,999 534,696 547,566 562,607Locomotive mileage, total (thousands) 6 N N 1,531,050 1,280,365 1,404,706 1,444,691 1,465,149 1,423,229 1,439,703 1,503,947 1,502,819 1,477,546 1,443,531 1,484,074 1,538,385 U UFreight 421,900 1,278,200 1,319,010 1,144,559 1,261,482 1,293,851 1,311,351 1,281,768 1,285,706 1,349,580 1,354,590 1,327,669 1,300,574 1,353,885 1,398,450 U UTrain and yard switching N N 212,040 135,806 143,224 150,840 153,798 141,461 153,997 154,367 148,229 149,876 142,957 130,190 139,935 U URevenue ton-miles of freight (millions) 1 572,309 764,809 918,958 1,033,969 1,200,701 1,305,688 1,355,975 1,348,926 1,376,802 1,433,461 1,465,960 1,495,472 1,507,011 1,551,438 1,662,598 1,696,425 1,771,897Average length of haul, freight (miles) 1 461 515 616 726 817 843 842 851 835 835 843 859 853 862 902 894 906Fuel consumed in freight service (million gallons) 1 3,463 3,545 3,904 3,115 3,334 3,480 3,579 3,575 3,583 3,715 3,700 3,710 3,730 3,826 4,059 4,098 4,192Average miles traveled per vehicleCar 14,124 16,502 16,836 21,249 23,523 24,547 25,174 24,541 24,445 24,369 24,693 25,672 26,269 27,355 28,300 28,248 28,429Locomotive N N 54,497 67,978 75,910 76,796 76,037 72,304 71,058 74,247 75,036 74,831 70,396 71,449 69,879 U UAverage miles traveled per gallonCar 8.13 8.43 7.50 8.40 8.54 8.73 8.86 8.86 9.11 9.11 9.35 9.23 9.30 9.29 9.13 9.20 9.29Train 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13AmtrakPassenger train car-miles (millions) 7 N 213 235 301 304 292 276 288 312 342 371 378 379 332 308 265 264Passenger train-miles (millions) 2 N 26 30 33 34 32 30 32 33 34 35 36 38 37 37 36 36Passenger locomotive-miles (millions) 2 N N 41 49 51 48 U U U U U U U U U U URevenue passengers carried (millions) 2 N 17 21 22 21 21 20 20 21 22 23 24 23 25 25 25 25Revenue passenger-miles (millions) 2 N 3,039 4,503 6,057 5,921 5,545 5,050 5,166 5,304 5,330 5,498 5,559 5,314 5,680 5,511 5,381 5,410Average passenger fare (dollars) 2 N 8.30 17.72 38.50 39.10 39.92 43.31 45.26 44.75 46.85 49.61 51.58 56.05 57.78 56.81 58.29 65.43Average passenger revenue / passenger-mile (cents) 2 N 4.5 8.2 14.1 14.0 14.9 16.9 17.7 17.8 18.9 20.3 21.8 24.5 25.0 26.0 27.16 29.69Average passenger trip length (miles) 2 N 182.6 217.0 273.0 279.3 267.9 256.3 255.7 251.4 247.9 244.4 236.6 228.4 230.9 218.6 214.6 220.4Locomotive fuel consumed 8Diesel (million gallons) N N 64 82 75 66 71 75 75 74 76 75 86 78 70 68 UElectric kWh (millions) N N 254 330 309 304 293 282 275 283 350 377 593 666 648 500 U
SAFETY d,9Number of fatalities, railroads and grade crossings, total 2,345 2,331 1,424 1,300 1,226 1,146 1,039 1,063 1,008 932 937 971 951 (R) 868 (R) 895 887 910Passengers on Trains 34 10 4 3 5 0 12 6 4 14 4 3 7 3 3 16 2Employees on duty 215 179 97 40 31 34 33 37 27 31 24 22 20 19 25 25 16Employees not on duty N N 4 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0Trespassers 637 607 566 700 682 660 620 646 644 570 570 673 646 634 (R) 621 600 665Nontrespassers 1,459 1,535 746 554 505 443 365 363 326 305 (R) 335 269 (R) 267 (R) 206 (R) 242 241 220Contractor employees N N 7 3 3 7 9 11 5 12 3 4 10 5 4 5 7Grade crossing only 1,421 1,440 772 698 615 579 488 461 431 402 425 421 357 334 (R) 372 358 369Railroad only e 924 785 645 599 611 567 551 602 577 530 512 550 594 (R) 534 (R) 523 529 541KEY: kWh = kilowatt-hour; N = data do not exist; R = revised; U = data are not available.aExcluding Amtrak and all non-Class I railroads, except for Section IV.bOperating expenses include equipment, joint facility rents, leased roads and equipment, and all taxes except Federal income.cData for 2003 indicates operating revenues and expenses instead of total revenues and expenses, the data source has changed.d Safety figures from U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration are for all railroads.eFigures may not appear directly in data source.fAmtrak data in this column are for 1972, Amtrak's first full year of operation.NOTEAmtrak figures are based on Amtrak fiscal year (October 1-September 30).SOURCES(Unless otherwise noted, refer to chapter tables for sources)1Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts 2006 (Washington, DC: 2004), pp. 3, 9, 10, 27, 33, 34, 36, 40, 49, 52, 77 and similar pages in earlier issues.21970-2006: Amtrak, National Railroad Passenger Corporation Annual Report, Statistical Appendix to Amtrak Annual Report, Annual issues.3 1970-80: Amtrak, National Railroad Passenger Corporation Annual Report, 1972, 1980, 1990, and 1993-95. 1990-2000: Ibid., National Railroad Passenger CorporationAnnual Report, Statistical Appendix to Amtrak Annual Report, Annual issues. 2001-05: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts 2006 (Washington, DC, 2006),p.77.41970-90: Amtrak, Public Affairs, personal communication. 1994-1997: Ibid., National Railroad Passenger Corporation Annual Report, 1972, 1980, 1990, and 1993-95.1998-2005: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts 2006 (Washington, DC: 2006), p. 77 and similar pages in earlier issues.51980-90: Amtrak, Route Miles by Railroad, Corp. Planning & Development. 1994-2001: Amtrak, National Railroad Passenger Corporation Annual Report, StatisticalAppendix to Amtrak Annual Report, Annual issues. 2002-05: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts 2006 (Washington, DC, 2006), p. 77.61980-2001: Association of American Railroads, Analysis of Class 1 Railroads (Washington, DC: Annual issues). 2002-04: Ibid., Railroad Ten-Year Trends (Washington,DC: 2005), pp. 119 and 121, personal communication, Feb. 16, 2005.71970-90: Amtrak, Train Information System Reports. 1994-99: Amtrak Corporate Reporting, Route Profitability System, Washington DC, personal communication, August2001. 2000-05: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts 2006 (Washington, DC: 2006), p. 77 and similar pages in earlier issues.8Amtrak General Accounting, Pennsylvania, personal communication, June 1999. 2002-05: Amtrak, personal communications, Dec. 9, 2005 and Dec. 19, 200791960-80: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration, Systems Support Division, RRS-22, personal communication. 1990-94: Ibid., Accident /Incident Bulletin (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 7 and 9. 1995-2005: Ibid., Interim Railroad Safety Statistics, Annual Report 2005 (Washington, DC: 2005), table1-3, and similar tables in earlier editions. 2006: Ibid, Office of Safety Analysis, table 4.08, at http://safetydata.fra.dot.gov/OfficeofSafety/Default.asp as of Dec. 12, 2007.
Page 1:
NationalTransportationStatistics
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AcknowledgmentsU.S. Department of T
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Table of ContentsINTRODUCTIONTable
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1-56 U.S. Waterborne Freight (Updat
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SECTION E. RAILROAD2-39 Railroad an
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3-35 Transportation Expenditures by
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4-51 Air Pollution Trends in Select
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IntroductionCompiled and published
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SOURCESU.S. resident population, ag
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Table 1-1: System Mileage Within th
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Table 1-3: Number of U.S. Airports
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Table 1-5: U.S. Public Road and Str
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Table 1-7: Number of Stations Serve
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Table 1-9: ADA-Accessible Rail Tran
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Section BVehicle, Aircraft, andVess
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Table 1-12: U.S. Sales or Deliverie
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Table 1-14: U.S. Automobile and Tru
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Table 1-16: Retail a New Passenger
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Table 1-18: Retail Sales of New Car
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Table 1-20: Period Sales, Market Sh
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Table 1-22: Number of Trucks by Wei
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Taiwan U U U 116 132 124 101 113 11
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Section CCondition
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Table 1-26: Average Age of Automobi
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Table 1-28: Condition of U.S. Highw
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Table 1-30: Condition of Urban Bus
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Table 1-32: Class I Railroad Locomo
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Table 1-34: U.S. Flag Vessels by Ty
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Table 1-36: Roadway Vehicle-Miles T
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Table 1-38: Average Length of Haul,
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Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles (M
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Table 1-42: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-43: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-45: Air Passenger Travel Ar
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Section DTravel and GoodsMovement
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Table 1-48: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-50: U.S. Ton-Miles of Freig
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Table 1-52: U.S.-Canadian Border La
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Table 1-54: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-56: U.S. Waterborne Freight
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Table 1-58: Freight Activity in the
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Table 1-60: Value of U.S. Land Expo
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Table 1-61M: Crude Oil and Petroleu
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Table 1-63: U.S. Hazardous Material
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Table 1-64: Passengers Boarded and
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Table 1-66: Flight Operations Arriv
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Table 1-68: Major U.S. Air Carrier
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Table 1-69: Annual Person-Hours of
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Table 1-70: Travel Time IndexShort-
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Table 1-71: Annual Roadway Congesti
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Table 1-73: Amtrak On-Time Performa
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Table 2-1: Transportation Fatalitie
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Table 2-3: Transportation Accidents
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Table 2-5: Highway-Rail Grade-Cross
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Table 2-7: Transportation-Related O
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Section BAir
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Table 2-10: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-12: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-14: U.S. General Aviation a
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Table 2-16b: Prohibited Items Inter
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Section CHighway
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Table 2-18: Motor Vehicle Fatalitie
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Table 2-20: Occupant and Nonmotoris
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Table 2-22: Motorcycle Rider Safety
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Table 2-24: Bus Occupant Safety Dat
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Table 2-26: Fatalities by Highest B
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Table 2-28: Motor Vehicle Fatal Cra
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Table 2-30: Safety Belt and Motorcy
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Section DTransit
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Table 2-33: Transit Safety Data by
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d The number of Unlinked passenger
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Table 2-36: Transit and Grade-Cross
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Table 2-38: Reports of Violent Crim
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KEY: N = data do not exist.a The ki
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Table 2-39: Railroad and Grade-Cros
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Table 2-41: Train Fatalities, Injur
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Table 2-43: Railroad System Safety
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Section FWater
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Table 2-46: Waterborne Transportati
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Table 2-48: Personal Watercraft Saf
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Section GPipeline
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Chapter 3Transportation andthe Econ
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Table 3-2: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-4: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-6: U.S. Gross Domestic Dema
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Table 3-8: Contributions to Gross D
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Table 3-10: National Transportation
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Table 3-11: Sales Price of Transpor
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Table 3-13: Producer Price Indices
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Table 3-15: Personal Expenditures b
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Table 3-17: Average Cost of Owning
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Table 3-19: Average Passenger Fares
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Table 3-20: Average Passenger Reven
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Table 3-22: Total Operating Revenue
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Table 3-24: Employment in Transport
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Table 3-26: Median Weekly Earnings
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Table 3-28: Labor Productivity Indi
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Table 3-29: Federal, State, and Loc
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Table 3-31: Summary of Transportati
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Table 3-33: Transportation Revenues
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Table 3-35: Transportation Expendit
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Table 3-37: Federal Transportation
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Chapter 4Transportation, Energy,and
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Table 4-2: U.S. Consumption of Ener
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Section BTransportation EnergyConsu
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Table 4-5: Fuel Consumption by Mode
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Table 4-7: Domestic Demand for Gaso
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Table 4-9: Motor Vehicle Fuel Consu
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Table 4-11: Light Duty Vehicle, Sho
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Table 4-13: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Ti
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Table 4-15: Bus Fuel Consumption an
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Table 4-17: Class I Rail Freight Fu
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Table 4-19: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-20: Energy Intensity of Pas
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Table 4-22: Energy Intensity of Lig
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Table 4-24: Energy Intensity of Tra
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Table 4-26: Energy Intensity of Amt
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Table 4-28: Annual Wasted Fuel Due
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Table 4-29: Annual Wasted Fuel Per
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Section DAir Pollution
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Table 4-31: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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1968-Table 4-33: Federal Exhaust Em
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC = hyd
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; g = gram
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KEY: bhp = brake horsepower; bhph =
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Table 4-42: Tier 2 Federal Exhaust
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Table 4-44: Estimated National Aver
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Table 4-46: Estimated National Emis
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Monmouth-Ocean, NJ 5 21 4 41 34 31
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Table 4-52: Areas in Nonattainment
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Section EWater Pollution, Noise,and
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Table 4-55: Leaking Underground Sto
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Table 4-57: Number of People Residi
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appendix aMetric ConversionTables
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Table 1-4M: Kilometers of Public Ro
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Table 1-35M: U.S. Vehicle-Kilometer
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Table 1-38M: Average Length of Haul
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a Includes freight, express, and ma
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Table 1-56M: U.S. Waterborne Freigh
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Table 4-3M: Domestic Demand for Ref
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Table 4-6M: Energy Consumption by M
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Table 4-8M: Certificated Air Carrie
Page 337 and 338: Table 4-11M: Light Duty Vehicle, Sh
Page 339 and 340: Table 4-13M: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-T
Page 341 and 342: Table 4-15M: Bus Fuel Consumption a
Page 343 and 344: Table 4-17M: Class I Rail Freight F
Page 345 and 346: Table 4-19M: U.S. Government Energy
Page 347 and 348: Table 4-21M: Energy Intensity of Ce
Page 349 and 350: Table 4-23M: Average Fuel Efficienc
Page 351 and 352: Table 4-25M: Energy Intensity of Cl
Page 353 and 354: Appendix B: GlossaryAIR CARRIER: A
Page 355 and 356: Appendix B: GlossaryCOLLISION WITH
Page 357 and 358: Appendix B: GlossaryFEDERAL ENERGY
Page 359 and 360: Appendix B: GlossaryINJURY (Rail):
Page 361 and 362: Appendix B: GlossaryMOTOR BUS (Tran
Page 363 and 364: Appendix B: GlossaryPERSONAL BUSINE
Page 365 and 366: Appendix B: GlossarySUBCOMPACT CAR:
Page 367 and 368: appendix cAcronyms and InitialismsA
Page 370: appendix dModal Profiles
Page 373 and 374: Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
Page 375 and 376: Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
Page 377 and 378: Highway ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
Page 379 and 380: General Aviation ProfileINVENTORY 1
Page 381 and 382: Motorcycle f f f f 50 50 50 50 50 5
Page 383 and 384: KEY: R = revised; U = data are unav
Page 385 and 386: Transit ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
Page 387: 161960-2006: Fatalities and Injured
Page 391 and 392: SAFETYFatalities in waterborne tran
Page 393 and 394: Natural Gas Pipeline ProfileFINANCI
Page 395: appendix eSource andAccuracy Statem
Page 398 and 399: agencies receiving funds through th
Page 400 and 401: solicitations of all federally regu
Page 402 and 403: Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
Page 404 and 405: Highway, Total (registered vehicles
Page 406 and 407: after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
Page 408 and 409: adherence to federal guidelines reg
Page 410 and 411: year. Also, expansion factors are u
Page 412 and 413: PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
Page 414 and 415: The data are from Waterborne Commer
Page 416 and 417: The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
Page 418 and 419: A second data source for air-carrie
Page 420 and 421: Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
Page 422 and 423: when data are entered, they are che
Page 424 and 425: vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
Page 426 and 427: TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
Page 428 and 429: BEA personal consumption expenditur
Page 430 and 431: Transportation-related government p
Page 432 and 433: information on their data collectio
Page 434 and 435: AccuracyAs in all surveys, the accu
Page 436 and 437: The American Public Transit Associa
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Government EmploymentThe Office of
Page 440 and 441:
specifications or equations, should
Page 442 and 443:
As mentioned above, the Highway Rev
Page 444 and 445:
Highway ExpendituresFederal Highway
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consistency between the different m
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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when data are entered, they are che
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vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
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TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
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Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
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after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
Page 466 and 467:
adherence to federal guidelines reg
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year. Also, expansion factors are u
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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
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The data are from Waterborne Commer
Page 474 and 475:
The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
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A second data source for air-carrie
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Page 480 and 481:
If transportation had been reviewed
Page 482 and 483:
Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to
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Page 494 and 495:
If transportation had been reviewed
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Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to
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