Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

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agencies receiving funds through the Urbanized Area Formula Program are generally required to report financial andoperating data, including vehicle inventories and directly operated mileage. Transit operators that do not report toFTA are those that do not receive Urbanized Area Formula Funding, typically private, small, and rural operators. Thedata are generally considered accurate because FTA reviews and validates information submitted by individual transitagencies. Reliability may vary because some transit agencies cannot obtain accurate information or may misinterpretcertain data definitions.Navigable ChannelsThese statistics originate from a mid-1950s U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) estimate that there wereapproximately 25,000 miles of commercially important navigable channels in the United States. That number hasbeen adjusted from time to time, for example, by addition of the 234-mile Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway in theearly 1980s. The 25,000 plus mile number has been universally quoted for decades, but has definitional andmethodological uncertainties. USACE is currently developing a rigorous, Global Information System (GIS)-basedapproach to facilitate tabulation of the lengths of shallow and deep-draft commercially navigable waterways in theUnited States; this calculation will be available in several years.Oil PipelineThe data are from Transportation in America, published by the Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc. (Eno). Thenumbers reprinted here for 1960, 1965, 1970, and 1975 are Eno estimates from the U.S. Department of Energy(DOE) Energy Data Report issues labeled "Crude-oil and Refined Products Mileage in the United States." Enoestimated the 1980 number based on the assumption that refinement of old, less profitable, and smaller linesexceeded in mileage the construction of new, larger, and more profitable lines. Post-1985 data were calculated usinga base figure reported in a 1982 USDOT study entitled Liquid Pipeline Director and then combined with data from theAssociation of Oil Pipe Lines and the Oil Pipeline Research Institute. Lack of additional information raises definitionaland methodological uncertainties for the data's reliability. Moreover, the three different information sources introducedata discontinuities, making time comparisons unreliable.Gas PipelineThese statistics originate from annual editions of Gas Facts, published by the American Gas Association (AGA). Thedata reported by the AGA are based on gas utilities participation and reporting to the Uniform Statistical Report.Utilities reporting represented 98 percent of gas utility industry sales while the remaining 2 percent was estimated fornonreporting companies based on recent historical experience. Varying percentages of nonreporters from year toyear introduce minor reliability problems for time-series comparisons.TABLE 1-2. Number of Air Carriers, Railroads, Interstate Motor Carriers, Marine Operators, and PipelineOperatorsAir CarriersThe data are from the Air Carrier Financial Statistics Quarterly, published by the Office of Airline Information of theU.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS). The Alphabetical List of Air Carriers byCarrier Group at the beginning of each fourth quarter edition is used to determine the number of major air carriersand other air carriers in operation at the end of each calendar year. The publication draws its data from the T-100 andT-100(f) databases maintained by BTS. These databases include data obtained from a 100-percent census of BTSForm 41 schedule submissions by large certificated air carriers, which are carriers that hold a certificate issued undersection 401 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 and that (1) operate aircraft designed to have a maximum passengerseating capacity of more than 60 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 18,000 pounds or (2) thatconduct international operations. Carriers are grouped as major, national, large regional, or medium regional basedon their annual operating revenues. The thresholds were last adjusted July 1, 1999 and the threshold for major aircarriers is currently $1 billion. The table combines the number of national, large regional, and medium regional aircarriers into the other air carrier category.Railroads
The Association of American Railroads (AAR)'s Railroad Ten-Year Trends series is the source for the number ofrailroads. The number of Class I railroads is based on 100-percent reporting by Class I railroads to the SurfaceTransportation Board (STB) via Schedule 700 of the R1 Annual Report. The STB defines Class I railroads as havingoperating revenues at or above a threshold indexed to a base of $250 million (1991) and adjusted annually in concertwith changes in the Railroad Freight Rate Index published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In 2000, the adjustedthreshold for Class I railroads was $261.9 million. Declassification from Class I status occurs when a railroad fallsbelow the applicable threshold for three consecutive years. Although Class I railroads encompasses only 1 percent ofthe number of railroads in the country, they account for over 71 percent of the industry's mileage operated.The Association of American Railroads determines the number of non-Class I railroads through an annual surveysent to every U.S. freight railroad. By following up with nonrespondents, the AAR obtains essentially a census ofrailroads. Use of the current survey instrument began in 1986.Interstate Motor CarriersThe Motor Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS), maintained by the U.S. Department of Transportation,Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, contains information on the safety of all commercial interstate motorcarriers and hazardous material (HM) shippers subject to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations and theHazardous Materials Regulations. All carriers operating in interstate or foreign commerce within 90 days of beginningoperations must submit a Form MCS-150, Motor Carrier Identification Report. Carriers may also use the form toupdate their information. The Motor Carrier Safety Improvement Act of 1999 requires that reports be periodicallyupdated, but not more than once every two years. MCMIS is updated as soon as information is provided and verified,and periodic archives are made. Historical data are available from summary information previously prepared,including tables and reports. MCMIS began operations in 1980. Safety data since 1990 are available to the public.Marine Vessel OperatorsThe U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) provides the data for marine vessel operators through the WaterborneTransportation Lines of the United States. Data are collected by the USACE's Navigation Data Center (NDC) byvarious means, including the U.S. Coast Guard's registry, maritime service directories, and waterway sectorpublications. However, an annual survey of companies that operate inland waterway vessels is the principle source ofdata. More than 3,000 surveys are sent to these companies and response rates are typically above 90 percent.However, a USACE official did report that less than 10 percent of the total number of companies operating inlandwater vessels either did not receive or respond to the annual survey.Pipeline OperatorsThe Office of Pipeline Safety (OPS) in the U.S. Department of Transportation's Research and Special ProgramsAdministration collects annual report data from natural gas transmission and distribution operators as required by 49CFR 191.17 and 191.11, respectively. Annual data must be submitted by March 15 of the following calendar year. Noannual report is required for hazardous liquid pipeline operators. However, information is available through thepipeline safety program. Since 1986, the program has been funded by fees assessed to each OPS-regulated pipelineoperator based on per-mile of hazardous pipeline operated. Data for each operator and each mile of pipeline arestored in the OPS user-fee database, which is revised annually as updated fees are assessed.Totals for pipeline operators in this table will differ from those in other tables due to differences in the regulatoryauthority of USDOT and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). FERC regulates only interstatepipelines, whereas DOT regulates both interstate and intrastate pipelines, except for rural gathering lines and someoffshore pipelines, which fall under jurisdiction of the U.S. Coast Guard or the U.S. Department of the Interior'sMinerals Management Service. An OPS official stated that FERC regulates about two-thirds the amount of pipelinemileage that USDOT regulates.TABLE 1-3. Number of U.S. AirportsThe Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Office of Airport Safety and Standards Administrator's Fact Book (annualissues) furnished the data shown in this table and includes airports certified for air carrier operations with aircraft thatseat 30 or more passengers. These airports include civil and joint civil-military use airports, heliports, STOLports(short takeoff and landing), and seaplane facilities. The FAA obtained this data via physical inspections and mail
Page 1:
NationalTransportationStatistics
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AcknowledgmentsU.S. Department of T
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Table of ContentsINTRODUCTIONTable
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1-56 U.S. Waterborne Freight (Updat
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SECTION E. RAILROAD2-39 Railroad an
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3-35 Transportation Expenditures by
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4-51 Air Pollution Trends in Select
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IntroductionCompiled and published
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SOURCESU.S. resident population, ag
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Table 1-1: System Mileage Within th
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Table 1-3: Number of U.S. Airports
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Table 1-5: U.S. Public Road and Str
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Table 1-7: Number of Stations Serve
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Table 1-9: ADA-Accessible Rail Tran
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Section BVehicle, Aircraft, andVess
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Table 1-12: U.S. Sales or Deliverie
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Table 1-14: U.S. Automobile and Tru
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Table 1-16: Retail a New Passenger
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Table 1-18: Retail Sales of New Car
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Table 1-20: Period Sales, Market Sh
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Table 1-22: Number of Trucks by Wei
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Taiwan U U U 116 132 124 101 113 11
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Section CCondition
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Table 1-26: Average Age of Automobi
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Table 1-28: Condition of U.S. Highw
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Table 1-30: Condition of Urban Bus
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Table 1-32: Class I Railroad Locomo
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Table 1-34: U.S. Flag Vessels by Ty
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Table 1-36: Roadway Vehicle-Miles T
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Table 1-38: Average Length of Haul,
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Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles (M
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Table 1-42: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-43: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-45: Air Passenger Travel Ar
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Section DTravel and GoodsMovement
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Table 1-48: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-50: U.S. Ton-Miles of Freig
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Table 1-52: U.S.-Canadian Border La
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Table 1-54: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-56: U.S. Waterborne Freight
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Table 1-58: Freight Activity in the
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Table 1-60: Value of U.S. Land Expo
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Table 1-61M: Crude Oil and Petroleu
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Table 1-63: U.S. Hazardous Material
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Table 1-64: Passengers Boarded and
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Table 1-66: Flight Operations Arriv
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Table 1-68: Major U.S. Air Carrier
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Table 1-69: Annual Person-Hours of
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Table 1-70: Travel Time IndexShort-
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Table 1-71: Annual Roadway Congesti
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Table 1-73: Amtrak On-Time Performa
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Table 2-1: Transportation Fatalitie
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Table 2-3: Transportation Accidents
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Table 2-5: Highway-Rail Grade-Cross
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Table 2-7: Transportation-Related O
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Section BAir
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Table 2-10: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-12: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-14: U.S. General Aviation a
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Table 2-16b: Prohibited Items Inter
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Section CHighway
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Table 2-18: Motor Vehicle Fatalitie
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Table 2-20: Occupant and Nonmotoris
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Table 2-22: Motorcycle Rider Safety
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Table 2-24: Bus Occupant Safety Dat
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Table 2-26: Fatalities by Highest B
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Table 2-28: Motor Vehicle Fatal Cra
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Table 2-30: Safety Belt and Motorcy
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Section DTransit
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Table 2-33: Transit Safety Data by
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d The number of Unlinked passenger
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Table 2-36: Transit and Grade-Cross
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Table 2-38: Reports of Violent Crim
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KEY: N = data do not exist.a The ki
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Table 2-39: Railroad and Grade-Cros
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Table 2-41: Train Fatalities, Injur
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Table 2-43: Railroad System Safety
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Section FWater
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Table 2-46: Waterborne Transportati
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Table 2-48: Personal Watercraft Saf
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Section GPipeline
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Chapter 3Transportation andthe Econ
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Table 3-2: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-4: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-6: U.S. Gross Domestic Dema
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Table 3-8: Contributions to Gross D
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Table 3-10: National Transportation
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Table 3-11: Sales Price of Transpor
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Table 3-13: Producer Price Indices
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Table 3-15: Personal Expenditures b
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Table 3-17: Average Cost of Owning
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Table 3-19: Average Passenger Fares
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Table 3-20: Average Passenger Reven
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Table 3-22: Total Operating Revenue
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Table 3-24: Employment in Transport
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Table 3-26: Median Weekly Earnings
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Table 3-28: Labor Productivity Indi
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Table 3-29: Federal, State, and Loc
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Table 3-31: Summary of Transportati
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Table 3-33: Transportation Revenues
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Table 3-35: Transportation Expendit
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Table 3-37: Federal Transportation
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Chapter 4Transportation, Energy,and
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Table 4-2: U.S. Consumption of Ener
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Section BTransportation EnergyConsu
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Table 4-5: Fuel Consumption by Mode
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Table 4-7: Domestic Demand for Gaso
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Table 4-9: Motor Vehicle Fuel Consu
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Table 4-11: Light Duty Vehicle, Sho
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Table 4-13: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Ti
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Table 4-15: Bus Fuel Consumption an
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Table 4-17: Class I Rail Freight Fu
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Table 4-19: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-20: Energy Intensity of Pas
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Table 4-22: Energy Intensity of Lig
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Table 4-24: Energy Intensity of Tra
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Table 4-26: Energy Intensity of Amt
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Table 4-28: Annual Wasted Fuel Due
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Table 4-29: Annual Wasted Fuel Per
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Section DAir Pollution
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Table 4-31: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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1968-Table 4-33: Federal Exhaust Em
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC = hyd
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; g = gram
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KEY: bhp = brake horsepower; bhph =
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Table 4-42: Tier 2 Federal Exhaust
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Table 4-44: Estimated National Aver
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Table 4-46: Estimated National Emis
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Monmouth-Ocean, NJ 5 21 4 41 34 31
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Table 4-52: Areas in Nonattainment
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Section EWater Pollution, Noise,and
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Table 4-55: Leaking Underground Sto
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Table 4-57: Number of People Residi
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appendix aMetric ConversionTables
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Table 1-4M: Kilometers of Public Ro
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Table 1-35M: U.S. Vehicle-Kilometer
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Table 1-38M: Average Length of Haul
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a Includes freight, express, and ma
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Table 1-56M: U.S. Waterborne Freigh
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Table 4-3M: Domestic Demand for Ref
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Table 4-6M: Energy Consumption by M
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Table 4-8M: Certificated Air Carrie
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Table 4-11M: Light Duty Vehicle, Sh
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Table 4-13M: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-T
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Table 4-15M: Bus Fuel Consumption a
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Table 4-17M: Class I Rail Freight F
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Table 4-19M: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-21M: Energy Intensity of Ce
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Table 4-23M: Average Fuel Efficienc
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Table 4-25M: Energy Intensity of Cl
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Appendix B: GlossaryAIR CARRIER: A
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Appendix B: GlossaryCOLLISION WITH
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Appendix B: GlossaryFEDERAL ENERGY
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Appendix B: GlossaryINJURY (Rail):
Page 361 and 362:
Appendix B: GlossaryMOTOR BUS (Tran
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Appendix B: GlossaryPERSONAL BUSINE
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Appendix B: GlossarySUBCOMPACT CAR:
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appendix cAcronyms and InitialismsA
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appendix dModal Profiles
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Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
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Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
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Highway ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
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General Aviation ProfileINVENTORY 1
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Motorcycle f f f f 50 50 50 50 50 5
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KEY: R = revised; U = data are unav
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Transit ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
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161960-2006: Fatalities and Injured
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SAFETY d,9Number of fatalities, rai
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SAFETYFatalities in waterborne tran
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Natural Gas Pipeline ProfileFINANCI
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appendix eSource andAccuracy Statem
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
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Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
Page 406 and 407: after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
Page 408 and 409: adherence to federal guidelines reg
Page 410 and 411: year. Also, expansion factors are u
Page 412 and 413: PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
Page 414 and 415: The data are from Waterborne Commer
Page 416 and 417: The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
Page 418 and 419: A second data source for air-carrie
Page 420 and 421: Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
Page 422 and 423: when data are entered, they are che
Page 424 and 425: vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
Page 426 and 427: TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
Page 428 and 429: BEA personal consumption expenditur
Page 430 and 431: Transportation-related government p
Page 432 and 433: information on their data collectio
Page 434 and 435: AccuracyAs in all surveys, the accu
Page 436 and 437: The American Public Transit Associa
Page 438 and 439: Government EmploymentThe Office of
Page 440 and 441: specifications or equations, should
Page 442 and 443: As mentioned above, the Highway Rev
Page 444 and 445: Highway ExpendituresFederal Highway
Page 446 and 447: consistency between the different m
Page 450 and 451: when data are entered, they are che
Page 452 and 453: vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
Page 454 and 455: TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
Page 458 and 459: solicitations of all federally regu
Page 460 and 461: Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
Page 462 and 463: Highway, Total (registered vehicles
Page 464 and 465: after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
Page 466 and 467: adherence to federal guidelines reg
Page 468 and 469: year. Also, expansion factors are u
Page 470 and 471: PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
Page 472 and 473: The data are from Waterborne Commer
Page 474 and 475: The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
Page 476 and 477: A second data source for air-carrie
Page 480 and 481: If transportation had been reviewed
Page 482 and 483: Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
Page 484 and 485: RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
Page 486 and 487: multiplied by the average peak peri
Page 488 and 489: In general, lead emissions are esti
Page 490 and 491: The number of the people exposed to
Page 494 and 495: If transportation had been reviewed
Page 496 and 497: Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
Page 498 and 499: RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
Page 500 and 501: multiplied by the average peak peri
Page 502 and 503: In general, lead emissions are esti
Page 504 and 505: The number of the people exposed to
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Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

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