Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

Table 4-6M: Energy Consumption by Mode of Transportation (Petajoules)AirCertificated carriers a1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Jet fuel 278 554 1,119 1,077 1,213 1,441 1,739 1,618 1,652 1,703 1,780 1,825 1,878 1,945 1,895 2,064 1,980 1,868 1,750 1,769 1,906 1,892 1,854 1,851 1,776 1,588 1,575General aviation b,cAviation gasoline 31 37 70 52 66 53 45 45 40 34 34 36 37 37 39 44 42 35 35 35 35 37 36 35 31 29 28Jet fuel U 8 30 65 109 98 94 82 70 65 66 80 87 91 116 138 138 131 134 133 175 217 234 212 243 206 204HighwayGasoline, diesel and other fuelsLight duty vehicle, short wheel base and motorcycle d 5,430 6,558 8,952 9,793 9,256 9,456 9,200 8,507 8,655 8,869 8,978 9,003 9,155 9,244 9,482 9,693 9,664 9,727 9,978 9,976 9,944 10,235 9,921 11,876 11,352 (R) 11,360 11,430Light duty vehicle, long wheel base d U U 1,624 2,516 3,138 3,609 4,696 5,040 5,398 5,651 5,818 6,014 6,245 6,513 6,655 6,971 6,982 7,059 7,283 8,013 8,364 7,764 8,003 4,868 4,606 (R) 4,710 4,765Single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more truck e U 2,026 581 793 1,013 1,083 1,223 1,196 1,205 1,242 1,322 1,349 1,377 1,401 998 1,371 1,261 1,275 1,361 1,171 1,181 1,253 1,299 2,152 2,261 (R) 2,143 1,988Combination truck U 974 1,075 1,343 1,908 2,049 2,361 2,460 2,519 2,597 2,730 2,894 2,955 2,971 3,682 3,591 3,385 3,365 3,492 3,141 3,190 3,652 3,707 4,076 4,030 (R) 3,699 3,941Bus 121 128 120 154 149 122 131 126 128 136 141 142 145 150 152 168 147 135 132 128 179 148 151 267 271 (R) 262 254Transit fElectricity 10 9 9 10 9 15 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 20 20 20 20 21 21 22 23 17 23Motor fuelDiesel g 30 36 40 53 63 89 95 97 100 99 99 99 78 79 82 84 86 87 99 81 80 78 80 79 78 96 85Gasoline and other nondiesel fuels h 25 16 9 1 1 6 4 4 5 6 8 8 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 3 4 4 4 4 4 13 19Compressed natural gas U U U U U U U U 0 0 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 13 14 16 16 16 21 18Rail, Class I (in freight service)Distillate / diesel fuel 507 526 519 535 571 455 456 425 440 452 488 509 524 523 524 544 541 543 546 560 594 600 613 594 569 467 511AmtrakElectricity U U U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2Distillate / diesel fuel U U U 9 9 9 12 12 12 12 11 11 10 11 11 12 14 14 12 11 10 10 9 9 9 9 9WaterResidual fuel oil 624 489 596 641 1,414 725 999 1,070 1,037 834 851 930 900 791 888 922 1,012 854 766 612 741 818 909 999 800 718 664Distillate / diesel fuel oil 115 95 120 161 216 249 302 299 325 315 320 342 364 377 380 354 331 299 304 324 313 293 278 282 174 185 197Gasoline U U 79 96 139 139 171 226 174 115 115 140 131 130 126 145 148 131 143 146 133 166 163 161 150 149 154PipelineNatural gas 378 544 786 634 690 548 718 654 639 679 746 762 774 817 691 702 699 680 725 643 616 635 635 676 705 (R) 729 728KEY: P = preliminary; R = revised; U = data are unavailable.aDomestic operations only.b Includes fuel used in air taxi operations, but not commuter operations.cThe values for energy consumption by general aviation in 2009 are estimated values.d Data for 2007-10 were calculated using a new methodology developed by FHWA. Data for these years are based on new categories and are not comparable toprevious years. The new category Light duty vehicle, short wheel base includes passenger cars, light trucks, vans and sport utility vehicles with a wheelbase (WB)equal to or less than 121 inches. The new category Light duty vehicle, long wheel base includes large passenger cars, vans, pickup trucks, and sport/utility vehicleswith wheelbases (WB) larger than 121 inches. In addition, this edition of table 4-06M is not comparable to previous editions.e1965 data includes other 2-axle 4-tire vehicles.fPrior to 1984, excludes commuter rail, automated guideway, ferryboat, demand responsive vehicles, and most rural and smaller systems.g Diesel includes Diesel and Bio-Diesel.h Gasoline and all other nondiesel fuels include Gasoline, Liquified Petroleum Gas, Liquified Natural Gas, Methane, Ethanol, Bunker Fuel, Kerosene, Grain Additive,and Other Fuel.NOTESThe following conversion rates were used:Jet fuel = 37,626,700 joules/literAviation gasoline = 33,501,698 joules/literAutomotive gasoline = 34,839,537 joules/literDiesel motor fuel = 38,657,950 joules/literCompressed natural gas = 38,657,950 joules/literDistillate fuel = 38,655,829 joules/literResidual fuel = 41,723,829 joules/literNatural gas = 38,413,974 joules/m 3Electricity 1kWh = 3,600,000 joules/kWh, negating electrical system losses. To include approximate electrical system losses, multiply this conversion factor by 3.1.055056 petajoules = 1 trillion British thermal unit (Btu).SOURCESAir:Certificated air carriers:U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Fuel Costand Consumption , available at http://www.bts.gov/programs/airline_information as of Jan 3, 2012.General aviation:1960-70: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, FAA Statistical Handbook of Aviation - 1972 edition (Washington, DC: 1973), table9.12.1975-93: Ibid., General Aviation and Air Taxi Activity Survey (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 5.1, and similar tables in earlier editions.1994-2010: Ibid., FAA Aerospace Forecasts Fiscal Years 2011-2031 (Washington, DC: February 2011), tables 22 and 30, and similar tables in earlier editions,available at http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/apl/aviation_forecasts/ as of Jan. 3, 2012.Highway:1960-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July1997), table VM-201A, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.cfm as of Sep. 28, 2009.1995-2010: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Mar. 9,2012.Transit:Electricity / motor fuel / compressed natural gas:1960-96: American Public Transportation Association, Public Transportation Fact Book, Appendix A: Historical Tables (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), tables 29,30, 31 and similar tables in earlier editions, available at http://apta.com/resources/statistics/Pages/transitstats.aspx as of Apr. 26, 2011.1997-2010: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database , table 17 and similar tables in previous years, available atRail: www.ntdprogram.gov as of Jan. 3, 2012.Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), p. 40 and similar tables in previous editions.Amtrak:1975-2010: Amtrak, Energy Management Department, personal communication.Water:Residual and distillate / diesel fuel oil:1960-80: American Petroleum Institute, Basic Petroleum Data Book (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 10, 10a, 12, and 12a.1985-2010 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), available athttp://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/fuel_oil_and_kerosene_sales/foks.html as of Mar. 9, 2012.Gasoline:1970-2010: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table MF-24 and similartables in earlier editions, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.cfm as of Jan. 3, 2012.Pipeline:U.S. Department of Energy, Natural Gas Annual, DOE/EIA-0131(04) (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table 15 and similar tables in earlier editions, available athttp://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/ng/ng_pub_publist.asp as of Jan. 3, 2012.