1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Table 4-16M: Transit Industry Electric Power and Primary Energy Consumption a and TravelNumber <strong>of</strong> vehicles (millions) 65 62 61 62 75 94 93 97 103 108 116 116 94 98 100 103 106 111 112 115 117 122 126 126 129 136 136Vehicle-kilometers traveled (millions) 3,449 3,232 3,031 3,502 3,680 4,491 5,217 5,321 5,399 5,528 5,580 5,713 4,427 4,592 4,780 5,007 5,154 5,341 5,525 5,594 5,710 5,799 5,907 6,066 6,268 6,418 7,081Electric power consumed (million kJ) 10,468,800 9,302,400 9,219,600 9,525,600 8,805,600 15,177,600 17,413,200 17,470,800 16,977,600 17,514,000 18,291,600 18,244,800 17,722,058 17,667,813 17,861,615 18,452,544 19,373,883 19,744,647 19,905,427 19,828,874 20,366,065 20,754,283 20,772,743 22,375,898 22,812,850 23,372,818 23,088,878Primary energy consumed (thousand liters)Diesel 787,744 940,296 1,024,332 1,381,903 1,633,027 2,304,324 2,464,417 2,517,897 2,592,795 2,568,444 2,567,365 2,567,592 2,025,035 2,040,977 2,121,525 2,179,979 2,235,701 2,255,796 2,547,732 2,098,201 2,051,686 1,818,723 1,999,591 1,949,313 1,890,434 2,325,884 2,208,583Gasoline and other nondiesel fuels b 726,421 470,148 258,165 28,678 43,154 173,008 128,348 130,472 140,738 172,887 227,136 229,888 95,494 97,382 83,684 79,862 89,492 98,453 133,983 101,033 116,870 305,558 177,562 194,192 257,102 536,272 555,715Compressed natural gas N N N N N N N N 3,819 5,977 18,302 40,655 43,443 73,204 109,018 131,826 165,333 198,772 248,980 300,774 327,798 355,322 418,830 407,700 426,818 538,120 477,853KEY: kJ = kilajoule; kWh = kilowatt hour; N = data do not exist.a Prior to 1984, excludes commuter rail, automated guideway, urban ferryboat, demand responsive vehicles, and most rural and smaller systems.b1960 to 1991 data include propane. Series not continuous between 1991 and 1992. 1992 to 1995 data include propane, liquefied natural gas, bio/soy fuel, biodiesel,hydrogen, methanol and ethanol, except compressed natural gas. 1996 to 2001 data include only propane, liquefied natural gas, methanol and ethanol. 2002 to 2009 datainclude the above, and also biodiesel and grain fuel.NOTESData prior to 1996 are not comparable to data from 1996 onward due to a change in sources with differing methodologies. 2009 data for Gasoline and other nondieselfuels is not comparable to previous years' data due to a change in the reporting requirements that require transit agencies to submit energy consumption data for bothpurchased transportation (PT) services and directly operated (DO) transportation services. The major effect <strong>of</strong> this reporting change occurred within the following modes:Demand Response, Motor Bus, Publico, and Vanpool.This table is not comparable to previous editions due to a change in the unit <strong>of</strong> measure <strong>of</strong> power consumption.The heat equivalent factor used in joule conversion for electric = 3,600 kJ/kWh, negating electrical system losses (to include electrical system losses, multiply thisconversion factor by approximately three).1.609344 kilometers = 1 mile.3.785412 liters = 1 gallon.SOURCE1960-1995: American Public <strong>Transportation</strong> Association, 2009 Public <strong>Transportation</strong> Fact Book Appendix A: Historical Tables (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), tables 7,17, 29, 30, 31 and similar tables in earlier editions, available at http://www.apta.com/resources/statistics/Pages/transitstats.aspx as <strong>of</strong> Apr. 1, 2010.1996-2010: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong>, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database, tables 19 and 17 and similar tables in previous editions,available at www.ntdprogram.gov as <strong>of</strong> November 2011.
Table 4-17M: Class I Rail Freight Fuel Consumption and Travel1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Number in useLocomotives a 29,031 27,780 27,077 27,846 28,094 22,548 18,835 18,344 18,004 18,161 18,505 18,812 19,269 19,684 20,261 20,256 20,028 19,745 20,506 20,774 22,015 22,779 23,732 24,143 24,003 24,045Freight cars b 1,965,486 1,800,662 1,784,181 1,723,605 1,710,827 1,421,686 1,212,261 1,189,660 1,173,136 1,173,132 1,192,412 1,218,927 1,240,573 1,270,419 1,315,667 1,368,836 1,380,796 1,314,136 1,299,670 1,278,980 1,287,920 (R) 1,316,522 (R) 1,361,250 1,385,709 1,392,972 1,363,433Kilometers traveled (millions)Freight train-kilometers c 651 677 687 648 690 559 611 603 628 653 710 738 754 764 764 789 811 804 804 830 861 881 (R) 905 875 844 702Locomotive unit-kilometers N N N 2,380 2,464 1,976 2,060 1,992 2,057 2,124 2,261 2,326 2,358 2,290 2,317 2,420 2,419 2,378 2,323 2,388 2,476 2,555 2,671 2,589 2,509 2,107Freight car-kilometers 45,335 47,212 48,103 44,508 47,117 40,105 42,099 41,244 42,049 43,264 45,842 48,897 51,040 50,952 52,556 54,478 55,667 55,109 55,812 57,220 59,660 60,692 62,692 61,454 59,909 51,684Average kilometers traveled per literFreight trains 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06Freight cars 3.46 3.47 3.58 3.22 3.19 3.41 3.57 3.75 3.70 3.70 3.63 3.71 3.77 3.77 3.87 3.87 3.97 3.92 3.95 3.95 3.88 3.91 3.95 4.00 4.07 4.28Fuel consumed (million liters) 13,109 13,597 13,419 13,843 14,778 11,773 11,792 11,000 11,375 11,689 12,621 13,173 13,548 13,533 13,563 14,063 14,006 14,044 14,120 14,483 15,365 15,513 15,868 15,376 14,710 12,083Revenue tonne-kilometers per liter <strong>of</strong> fuel consumed 71 84 93 89 101 121 143 154 153 154 155 161 163 162 165 166 170 173 174 174 176 178 182 187 197 206Average kilometers traveled per locomotive (thousands) N N N 85.5 87.7 87.6 109.4 108.6 114.2 117.0 122.2 123.6 122.4 116.3 114.4 119.5 120.8 120.4 113.3 115.0 112.5 112.2 112.6 107.2 104.5 87.6Average fuel consumed per locomotive a (thousand liters) 451.5 489.5 495.6 497.1 526.0 522.1 626.0 599.7 631.8 643.7 682.0 700.3 703.1 687.5 669.4 694.3 699.3 711.3 688.6 697.2 697.9 681.0 668.7 636.9 612.8 502.5KEY: N = data do not exist.a For 1960-80, the total includes a small number <strong>of</strong> steam and electric units, which are not included in the per locomotive fuel consumption figure.b Includes cars owned by Class I railroads, other railroads, car companies, and shippers.cBased on the distance run between terminals and / or stations; does not include yard or passenger train-kilometers.NOTES1.609344 kilometers = 1 mile.3.785412 liters = 1 gallon.1.459972 tonne-kilometers = 1 ton-mile.SOURCESAll data except for locomotive unit-kilometers:Association <strong>of</strong> American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), pp. 33, 34, 40, 49, and 51, and similar pages in earlier editions.Locomotive unit-kilometers:1975-92, 2002: Ibid., Railroad Ten-Year Trends (Washington, DC: Annual Issues).1993-2001, 2003-04: Ibid., Analysis <strong>of</strong> Class I Railroads (Washington, DC: Annual Issues).2005-09: Association <strong>of</strong> American Railroads, personal communications, June 13, 2007, Apr. 24, 2008, Apr. 28, 2010, and Aug. 12, 2011.
- Page 1:
NationalTransportationStatistics
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AcknowledgmentsU.S. Department of T
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Table of ContentsINTRODUCTIONTable
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1-56 U.S. Waterborne Freight (Updat
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SECTION E. RAILROAD2-39 Railroad an
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3-35 Transportation Expenditures by
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4-51 Air Pollution Trends in Select
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IntroductionCompiled and published
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SOURCESU.S. resident population, ag
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Table 1-1: System Mileage Within th
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Table 1-3: Number of U.S. Airports
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Table 1-5: U.S. Public Road and Str
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Table 1-7: Number of Stations Serve
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Table 1-9: ADA-Accessible Rail Tran
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Section BVehicle, Aircraft, andVess
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Table 1-12: U.S. Sales or Deliverie
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Table 1-14: U.S. Automobile and Tru
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Table 1-16: Retail a New Passenger
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Table 1-18: Retail Sales of New Car
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Table 1-20: Period Sales, Market Sh
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Table 1-22: Number of Trucks by Wei
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Taiwan U U U 116 132 124 101 113 11
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Section CCondition
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Table 1-26: Average Age of Automobi
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Table 1-28: Condition of U.S. Highw
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Table 1-30: Condition of Urban Bus
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Table 1-32: Class I Railroad Locomo
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Table 1-34: U.S. Flag Vessels by Ty
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Table 1-36: Roadway Vehicle-Miles T
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Table 1-38: Average Length of Haul,
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Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles (M
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Table 1-42: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-43: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-45: Air Passenger Travel Ar
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Section DTravel and GoodsMovement
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Table 1-48: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-50: U.S. Ton-Miles of Freig
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Table 1-52: U.S.-Canadian Border La
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Table 1-54: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-56: U.S. Waterborne Freight
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Table 1-58: Freight Activity in the
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Table 1-60: Value of U.S. Land Expo
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Table 1-61M: Crude Oil and Petroleu
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Table 1-63: U.S. Hazardous Material
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Table 1-64: Passengers Boarded and
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Table 1-66: Flight Operations Arriv
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Table 1-68: Major U.S. Air Carrier
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Table 1-69: Annual Person-Hours of
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Table 1-70: Travel Time IndexShort-
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Table 1-71: Annual Roadway Congesti
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Table 1-73: Amtrak On-Time Performa
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Table 2-1: Transportation Fatalitie
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Table 2-3: Transportation Accidents
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Table 2-5: Highway-Rail Grade-Cross
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Table 2-7: Transportation-Related O
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Section BAir
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Table 2-10: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-12: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-14: U.S. General Aviation a
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Table 2-16b: Prohibited Items Inter
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Section CHighway
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Table 2-18: Motor Vehicle Fatalitie
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Table 2-20: Occupant and Nonmotoris
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Table 2-22: Motorcycle Rider Safety
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Table 2-24: Bus Occupant Safety Dat
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Table 2-26: Fatalities by Highest B
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Table 2-28: Motor Vehicle Fatal Cra
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Table 2-30: Safety Belt and Motorcy
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Section DTransit
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Table 2-33: Transit Safety Data by
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d The number of Unlinked passenger
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Table 2-36: Transit and Grade-Cross
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Table 2-38: Reports of Violent Crim
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KEY: N = data do not exist.a The ki
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Table 2-39: Railroad and Grade-Cros
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Table 2-41: Train Fatalities, Injur
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Table 2-43: Railroad System Safety
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Section FWater
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Table 2-46: Waterborne Transportati
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Table 2-48: Personal Watercraft Saf
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Section GPipeline
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Chapter 3Transportation andthe Econ
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Table 3-2: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-4: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-6: U.S. Gross Domestic Dema
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Table 3-8: Contributions to Gross D
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Table 3-10: National Transportation
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Table 3-11: Sales Price of Transpor
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Table 3-13: Producer Price Indices
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Table 3-15: Personal Expenditures b
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Table 3-17: Average Cost of Owning
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Table 3-19: Average Passenger Fares
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Table 3-20: Average Passenger Reven
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Table 3-22: Total Operating Revenue
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Table 3-24: Employment in Transport
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Table 3-26: Median Weekly Earnings
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Table 3-28: Labor Productivity Indi
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Table 3-29: Federal, State, and Loc
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Table 3-31: Summary of Transportati
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Table 3-33: Transportation Revenues
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Table 3-35: Transportation Expendit
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Table 3-37: Federal Transportation
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Chapter 4Transportation, Energy,and
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Table 4-2: U.S. Consumption of Ener
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Section BTransportation EnergyConsu
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Table 4-5: Fuel Consumption by Mode
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Table 4-7: Domestic Demand for Gaso
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Table 4-9: Motor Vehicle Fuel Consu
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Table 4-11: Light Duty Vehicle, Sho
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Table 4-13: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Ti
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Table 4-15: Bus Fuel Consumption an
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Table 4-17: Class I Rail Freight Fu
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Table 4-19: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-20: Energy Intensity of Pas
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Table 4-22: Energy Intensity of Lig
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Table 4-24: Energy Intensity of Tra
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Table 4-26: Energy Intensity of Amt
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Table 4-28: Annual Wasted Fuel Due
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Table 4-29: Annual Wasted Fuel Per
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Section DAir Pollution
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Table 4-31: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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1968-Table 4-33: Federal Exhaust Em
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Table 4-35: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC = hyd
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Table 4-38: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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- Page 367 and 368: appendix cAcronyms and InitialismsA
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- Page 375 and 376: Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
- Page 377 and 378: Highway ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
- Page 379 and 380: General Aviation ProfileINVENTORY 1
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- Page 385 and 386: Transit ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
- Page 387 and 388: 161960-2006: Fatalities and Injured
- Page 389 and 390: SAFETY d,9Number of fatalities, rai
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Natural Gas Pipeline ProfileFINANCI
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appendix eSource andAccuracy Statem
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
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Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
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after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
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adherence to federal guidelines reg
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year. Also, expansion factors are u
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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
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The data are from Waterborne Commer
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The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
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A second data source for air-carrie
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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when data are entered, they are che
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vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
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TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
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BEA personal consumption expenditur
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Transportation-related government p
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information on their data collectio
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AccuracyAs in all surveys, the accu
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The American Public Transit Associa
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Government EmploymentThe Office of
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specifications or equations, should
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As mentioned above, the Highway Rev
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Highway ExpendituresFederal Highway
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consistency between the different m
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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when data are entered, they are che
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vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
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TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
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Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
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after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
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adherence to federal guidelines reg
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year. Also, expansion factors are u
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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
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The data are from Waterborne Commer
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The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
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A second data source for air-carrie
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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If transportation had been reviewed
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Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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If transportation had been reviewed
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Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to