Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of AirlineInformation, reports average trip length in its publication Air Traffic Statistics. These numbers are based on 100-percent reporting of passengers and trip length by large certificated air carriers via BTS Form 41.The figures do notinclude data for all airlines, such as most scheduled commuter airlines and all nonscheduled commuter airlines.BusThe Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc. estimated these figures based on Class I carrier passenger data andvehicle-miles data from Highway Statistics, an annually published report of the USDOT, Federal HighwayAdministration.Commuter RailThe American Public Transit Association (APTA) provided these data, which are based on the USDOT, FederalTransit Administration's (FTA's), National Transit Database. Transit data are generally accurate because the FTAreviews and validates information submitted by individual transit agencies. Reliability may vary because some transitagencies cannot obtain accurate information or may misinterpret data. APTA conservatively adjusts FTA data toinclude transit operators that do not report to the database (private, very small, and rural operators).Intercity/AmtrakThe Statistical Appendix to the Amtrak Annual Report is the source of these data. Amtrak data are based on 100percent of issued tickets, and thus should be accurate.TABLE 1-42. Long-Distance Travel in the United States by Selected Trip Characteristics: 1995TABLE 1-43. Long-Distance Travel in the United States by Selected Traveler Characteristics: 1995The data presented in these tables are estimates derived from the 1995 American Travel Survey (ATS) conducted forthe U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics. The survey's estimation procedureinflates unweighted sample results to independent estimates of the total population of the United States. Values formissing data are estimated through imputation procedures.Since ATS estimates come from a sample, they are subject to two possible types of error: nonsampling andsampling. Sources of nonsampling errors include inability to obtain information about all sample cases, errors madein data collection and processing, errors made in estimating values for missing data, and undercoverage.The accuracy of an estimate depends on both types of error, but the full extent of the nonsampling error is unknown.Consequently, the user should be particularly careful when interpreting results based on a relatively small number ofcases or on small differences between estimates.Standard errors for ATS estimates that indicate the magnitude of sampling error as well as complete documentationof the source and reliability of the data may be obtained from detailed ATS reports. Because of methodologicaldifferences, users should use caution when comparing these data with data from other sources.TABLE 1-44. Passengers Boarded at the Top 50 U.S. AirportsThe Airport Activity Statistics of Certificated Air Carriers (AAS) is the source of these data. Published by USDOT,Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information (OAI), the AAS presents traffic statistics for allscheduled and nonscheduled service by large certificated U.S. air carriers for each airport served within the 50states, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. areas designated by the Federal Aviation Administration. Thepublication draws its data from the T-100 and T-3 databases maintained by OAI. These data are based on a 100-
percent reporting of enplanements, departures, and tonnage information by large certificated U.S. air carriers via BTSForm 41.Prior to 1993, the AAS included all scheduled and some nonscheduled enplanements for certificated air carriers butdid not include enplanements for air carriers offering charter service only. Prior to 1990, the freight category wasdivided into both freight and express shipments and the mail category was divided into U.S. mail (priority andnonpriority) and foreign mail. Beginning in 1990, only aggregate numbers were reported for freight and mail.TABLE 1-45. Air Passenger Travel Arrivals in the United States from Selected Foreign CountriesTABLE 1-46. Air Passenger Travel Departures from the United States to Selected Foreign CountriesThe International Trade Administration in the U.S. Department of Commerce publishes the U.S. International AirTravel Statistics Report annually. The passenger data is based on information collected by the U.S. Immigration andNaturalization Service using the INS Form I-92. All passengers on international flights must complete the I-92 formwith the exception of those passengers on flights arriving or departing from Canada.The international passenger arrivals and departures data for Canada is obtained from Air Carrier Traffic at CanadianAirports, which is published by Statistics Canada. Three surveys are conducted by Statistics Canada in order tocollect the necessary passenger data. Since all data is not received by the time of publication and data isoccasionally updated or resubmitted by the participating carriers, data should be considered preliminary for the yearsreferenced in the source publication.TABLE 1-49. U.S. Ton-Miles of FreightAir CarrierAir Carrier Traffic Statistics, published by the U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics(BTS), Office of Airline Information (OAI), is the source of these data. Large certificated U.S. air carriers reportdomestic freight activities to OAI via BTS Form 41.The information reported in the table represents transportation offreight (excluding passenger baggage), U.S. and foreign mail, and express mail within the 50 states, the District ofColumbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. It also covers transborder traffic to Canada and Mexico by U.S.carriers. The data does not include information on small certificated air carriers, which represent less than 5 percentof freight ton-miles.Intercity TruckThe data are estimates from Transportation in America, published by the Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc. (Eno).Eno's estimates of intercity truck ton-miles are based on historic data from the former Interstate CommerceCommission (ICC), estimates from the American Trucking Association, and other sources. Eno supplements itsestimates by using additional information on vehicle-miles of truck travel published in Highway Statistics by theFederal Highway Administration. Users should note that truck estimates in the tables do not include local truckmovements.Class I RailThe data are from Railroad Facts, published annually by the Association of American Railroads (AAR). AAR data arebased on 100-percent reporting by Class I railroads to the Surface Transportation Board (STB). The data representall revenue freight activities of the Class I railroads and are not based on information from the Rail Waybill Sample.The STB defines Class I railroads as having operating revenues at or above a threshold indexed to a base of $250million (1991) and adjusted annually in concert with changes in the Railroad Freight Rate Index published by theBureau of Labor Statistics. In 2000, the adjusted threshold for Class I railroads was $ 261.9 million. Declassificationfrom Class I status occurs when a railroad falls below the applicable threshold for three consecutive years. AlthoughClass I railroads encompasses only 1 percent of the number of railroads in the country, they account for over 71percent of the industry's mileage operated.Domestic Water Transport
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NationalTransportationStatistics
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AcknowledgmentsU.S. Department of T
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Table of ContentsINTRODUCTIONTable
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1-56 U.S. Waterborne Freight (Updat
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SECTION E. RAILROAD2-39 Railroad an
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3-35 Transportation Expenditures by
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4-51 Air Pollution Trends in Select
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IntroductionCompiled and published
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SOURCESU.S. resident population, ag
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Table 1-1: System Mileage Within th
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Table 1-3: Number of U.S. Airports
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Table 1-5: U.S. Public Road and Str
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Table 1-7: Number of Stations Serve
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Table 1-9: ADA-Accessible Rail Tran
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Section BVehicle, Aircraft, andVess
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Table 1-12: U.S. Sales or Deliverie
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Table 1-14: U.S. Automobile and Tru
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Table 1-16: Retail a New Passenger
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Table 1-18: Retail Sales of New Car
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Table 1-20: Period Sales, Market Sh
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Table 1-22: Number of Trucks by Wei
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Taiwan U U U 116 132 124 101 113 11
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Section CCondition
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Table 1-26: Average Age of Automobi
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Table 1-28: Condition of U.S. Highw
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Table 1-30: Condition of Urban Bus
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Table 1-32: Class I Railroad Locomo
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Table 1-34: U.S. Flag Vessels by Ty
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Table 1-36: Roadway Vehicle-Miles T
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Table 1-38: Average Length of Haul,
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Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles (M
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Table 1-42: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-43: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-45: Air Passenger Travel Ar
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Section DTravel and GoodsMovement
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Table 1-48: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-50: U.S. Ton-Miles of Freig
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Table 1-52: U.S.-Canadian Border La
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Table 1-54: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-56: U.S. Waterborne Freight
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Table 1-58: Freight Activity in the
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Table 1-60: Value of U.S. Land Expo
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Table 1-61M: Crude Oil and Petroleu
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Table 1-63: U.S. Hazardous Material
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Table 1-64: Passengers Boarded and
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Table 1-66: Flight Operations Arriv
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Table 1-68: Major U.S. Air Carrier
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Table 1-69: Annual Person-Hours of
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Table 1-70: Travel Time IndexShort-
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Table 1-71: Annual Roadway Congesti
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Table 1-73: Amtrak On-Time Performa
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Table 2-1: Transportation Fatalitie
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Table 2-3: Transportation Accidents
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Table 2-5: Highway-Rail Grade-Cross
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Table 2-7: Transportation-Related O
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Section BAir
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Table 2-10: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-12: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-14: U.S. General Aviation a
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Table 2-16b: Prohibited Items Inter
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Section CHighway
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Table 2-18: Motor Vehicle Fatalitie
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Table 2-20: Occupant and Nonmotoris
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Table 2-22: Motorcycle Rider Safety
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Table 2-24: Bus Occupant Safety Dat
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Table 2-26: Fatalities by Highest B
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Table 2-28: Motor Vehicle Fatal Cra
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Table 2-30: Safety Belt and Motorcy
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Section DTransit
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Table 2-33: Transit Safety Data by
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d The number of Unlinked passenger
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Table 2-36: Transit and Grade-Cross
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Table 2-38: Reports of Violent Crim
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KEY: N = data do not exist.a The ki
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Table 2-39: Railroad and Grade-Cros
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Table 2-41: Train Fatalities, Injur
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Table 2-43: Railroad System Safety
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Section FWater
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Table 2-46: Waterborne Transportati
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Table 2-48: Personal Watercraft Saf
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Section GPipeline
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Chapter 3Transportation andthe Econ
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Table 3-2: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-4: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-6: U.S. Gross Domestic Dema
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Table 3-8: Contributions to Gross D
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Table 3-10: National Transportation
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Table 3-11: Sales Price of Transpor
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Table 3-13: Producer Price Indices
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Table 3-15: Personal Expenditures b
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Table 3-17: Average Cost of Owning
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Table 3-19: Average Passenger Fares
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Table 3-20: Average Passenger Reven
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Table 3-22: Total Operating Revenue
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Table 3-24: Employment in Transport
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Table 3-26: Median Weekly Earnings
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Table 3-28: Labor Productivity Indi
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Table 3-29: Federal, State, and Loc
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Table 3-31: Summary of Transportati
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Table 3-33: Transportation Revenues
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Table 3-35: Transportation Expendit
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Table 3-37: Federal Transportation
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Chapter 4Transportation, Energy,and
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Table 4-2: U.S. Consumption of Ener
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Section BTransportation EnergyConsu
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Table 4-5: Fuel Consumption by Mode
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Table 4-7: Domestic Demand for Gaso
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Table 4-9: Motor Vehicle Fuel Consu
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Table 4-11: Light Duty Vehicle, Sho
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Table 4-13: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Ti
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Table 4-15: Bus Fuel Consumption an
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Table 4-17: Class I Rail Freight Fu
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Table 4-19: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-20: Energy Intensity of Pas
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Table 4-22: Energy Intensity of Lig
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Table 4-24: Energy Intensity of Tra
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Table 4-26: Energy Intensity of Amt
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Table 4-28: Annual Wasted Fuel Due
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Table 4-29: Annual Wasted Fuel Per
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Section DAir Pollution
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Table 4-31: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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1968-Table 4-33: Federal Exhaust Em
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC = hyd
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; g = gram
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KEY: bhp = brake horsepower; bhph =
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Table 4-42: Tier 2 Federal Exhaust
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Table 4-44: Estimated National Aver
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Table 4-46: Estimated National Emis
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Monmouth-Ocean, NJ 5 21 4 41 34 31
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Table 4-52: Areas in Nonattainment
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Section EWater Pollution, Noise,and
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Table 4-55: Leaking Underground Sto
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Table 4-57: Number of People Residi
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appendix aMetric ConversionTables
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Table 1-4M: Kilometers of Public Ro
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Table 1-35M: U.S. Vehicle-Kilometer
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Table 1-38M: Average Length of Haul
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a Includes freight, express, and ma
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Table 1-56M: U.S. Waterborne Freigh
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Table 4-3M: Domestic Demand for Ref
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Table 4-6M: Energy Consumption by M
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Table 4-8M: Certificated Air Carrie
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Table 4-11M: Light Duty Vehicle, Sh
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Table 4-13M: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-T
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Table 4-15M: Bus Fuel Consumption a
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Table 4-17M: Class I Rail Freight F
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Table 4-19M: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-21M: Energy Intensity of Ce
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Table 4-23M: Average Fuel Efficienc
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Table 4-25M: Energy Intensity of Cl
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Appendix B: GlossaryAIR CARRIER: A
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Appendix B: GlossaryCOLLISION WITH
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Appendix B: GlossaryFEDERAL ENERGY
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Appendix B: GlossaryINJURY (Rail):
Page 361 and 362: Appendix B: GlossaryMOTOR BUS (Tran
Page 363 and 364: Appendix B: GlossaryPERSONAL BUSINE
Page 365 and 366: Appendix B: GlossarySUBCOMPACT CAR:
Page 367 and 368: appendix cAcronyms and InitialismsA
Page 370: appendix dModal Profiles
Page 373 and 374: Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
Page 375 and 376: Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
Page 377 and 378: Highway ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
Page 379 and 380: General Aviation ProfileINVENTORY 1
Page 381 and 382: Motorcycle f f f f 50 50 50 50 50 5
Page 383 and 384: KEY: R = revised; U = data are unav
Page 385 and 386: Transit ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
Page 387 and 388: 161960-2006: Fatalities and Injured
Page 389 and 390: SAFETY d,9Number of fatalities, rai
Page 391 and 392: SAFETYFatalities in waterborne tran
Page 393 and 394: Natural Gas Pipeline ProfileFINANCI
Page 395: appendix eSource andAccuracy Statem
Page 398 and 399: agencies receiving funds through th
Page 400 and 401: solicitations of all federally regu
Page 402 and 403: Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
Page 404 and 405: Highway, Total (registered vehicles
Page 406 and 407: after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
Page 408 and 409: adherence to federal guidelines reg
Page 410 and 411: year. Also, expansion factors are u
Page 414 and 415: The data are from Waterborne Commer
Page 416 and 417: The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
Page 418 and 419: A second data source for air-carrie
Page 420 and 421: Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
Page 422 and 423: when data are entered, they are che
Page 424 and 425: vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
Page 426 and 427: TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
Page 428 and 429: BEA personal consumption expenditur
Page 430 and 431: Transportation-related government p
Page 432 and 433: information on their data collectio
Page 434 and 435: AccuracyAs in all surveys, the accu
Page 436 and 437: The American Public Transit Associa
Page 438 and 439: Government EmploymentThe Office of
Page 440 and 441: specifications or equations, should
Page 442 and 443: As mentioned above, the Highway Rev
Page 444 and 445: Highway ExpendituresFederal Highway
Page 446 and 447: consistency between the different m
Page 448 and 449: Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
Page 450 and 451: when data are entered, they are che
Page 452 and 453: vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
Page 454 and 455: TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
Page 456 and 457: agencies receiving funds through th
Page 458 and 459: solicitations of all federally regu
Page 460 and 461: Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
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after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
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adherence to federal guidelines reg
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year. Also, expansion factors are u
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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
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The data are from Waterborne Commer
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The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
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A second data source for air-carrie
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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If transportation had been reviewed
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Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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If transportation had been reviewed
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Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to
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Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

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