Table 1-1M: System Kilometers Within the United States1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Highway a 5,706,240 5,937,942 6,002,985 6,176,897 6,211,806 6,218,364 6,223,214 6,250,563 6,278,181 6,284,828 6,287,055 6,296,117 6,308,068 6,350,265 6,286,564 6,304,192 6,334,735 6,354,229 6,383,439 6,395,705 6,407,622 6,430,351 6,464,318 6,489,078 (R) 6,506,221 6,518,997Class I rail b,c 333,672 321,544 316,202 308,222 265,255 234,584 192,732 187,691 181,946 177,712 175,953 174,234 170,235 164,359 161,852 160,017 159,727 157,421 161,136 159,528 157,172 153,956 152,567 151,782 151,410 151,151Amtrak c N N N N 38,624 38,624 38,624 40,234 40,234 40,234 40,234 38,624 40,234 40,234 35,406 37,015 37,015 37,015 37,015 36,492 35,818 35,417 34,936 34,936 34,083 34,083Transit dCommuter rail c N N N N N 5,752 6,649 6,498 6,457 6,583 6,583 6,695 5,926 7,109 8,324 8,354 8,383 8,382 10,993 10,959 11,065 11,455 11,220 11,483 11,685 12,169Heavy rail N N N N N 2,081 2,174 2,203 2,258 2,336 2,342 2,346 2,379 2,457 2,457 2,478 2,507 2,530 2,530 2,571 2,569 2,610 2,613 2,613 2,613 2,613Light rail N N N N N 618 777 887 898 865 904 913 1,027 1,060 1,087 1,290 1,343 1,444 1,544 1,603 1,910 1,912 2,060 2,158 2,249 2,377Navigable channels e 40,234 40,234 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 41,843 40,749 40,749 40,749Oil pipeline f U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U 254,675 259,088 257,316 (R) 263,078 (R) 262,193 (R) 262,141 (R) 267,563 (R) 272,922 276,884Gas pipeline g 1,015,416 1,235,204 1,469,761 1,575,971 1,692,666 1,787,635 2,044,469 1,959,297 1,957,093 2,055,243 2,149,327 2,143,125 2,115,745 2,143,284 2,209,056 2,195,686 2,216,582 2,274,896 2,353,793 2,304,812 2,389,575 (R) 2,388,868 (R) 2,420,117 (R) 2,451,692 (R) 2,466,662 2,478,247KEY: N = data do not exist; R = revised; U = data are unavailable.aAll public road and street kilometers in the 50 states and the District <strong>of</strong> Columbia. For years prior to 1980, some kilometers <strong>of</strong> nonpublic roadways are included. No consistent data on privatroad kilometers are available. Beginning in 1998, approximately 70,000 kilometers <strong>of</strong> Bureau <strong>of</strong> Land Management Roads are excluded.bData represent kilometers <strong>of</strong> road owned (aggregate length <strong>of</strong> road, excluding yard tracks, sidings, and parallel lines).cPortions <strong>of</strong> Class I freight railroads , Amtrak , and Commuter rail networks share common trackage. Amtrak data represent kilometers <strong>of</strong> road operated.dTransit system length is measured in directional route-kilometers. Directional route-kilometers are the distance in each direction over which public transportation vehicles travel while inrevenue service. Directional route-kilometers are computed with regard to direction <strong>of</strong> service, but without regard to the number <strong>of</strong> traffic lanes or rail tracks existing in the right-<strong>of</strong>-way.Beginning in 2002, directional route-kilometers data for the Commuter and Light rail modes include purchased transportation. 2005 and later years directional route-kilometer data for theHeavy rail mode include purchased transportation.eThese are estimated sums <strong>of</strong> all domestic waterways which include rivers, bays, channels, and the inner route <strong>of</strong> the Southeast Alaskan Islands, but does not include the Great Lakes ordeep ocean traffic. The Waterborne Commerce Statistics Center monitored 20,297 kilometers as commercially significant inland shallow-draft waterways in 2001. Beginning in 2007,waterways connecting lakes and the St. Lawrence seaway inside the U.S. are included.fIncludes trunk and gathering lines for crude-oil pipeline. CO2 or other is excluded for 2004 to 2008. The large drop in kilometer between 2000 and 2001 is due to a change in the source <strong>of</strong>the data.gExcludes service pipelines. Data not adjusted to common diameter equivalent. Kilometers as <strong>of</strong> the end <strong>of</strong> each year. Data includes gathering, transmission, and distribution mains. Prior to1985 data also include field lines. See table 1-10 for a more detailed breakout <strong>of</strong> Oil and Gas pipeline kilometers. Length data reported in Gas Facts prior to 1985 was taken from theAmerican Gas Association's member survey, the Uniform Statistical Report, supplemented with estimates for companies that did not participate. Gas Facts length data is now based oninformation reported to the U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong> on Form 7100. Since data for 1985 and later years are obtained from the Pipeline and Hazardous Material SafetyAdministration, data for these years are not comparable with prior years or with numbers published in the previous NTS reports.NOTE1 mile = 1.609344 kilometersEno <strong>Transportation</strong> Foundation has discontinued its oil pipeline data for years prior to 2001SOURCESHighway:1960-95: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong>, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table HM-212.1996-2008: Ibid., Highway Statistics , table HM-20, (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.cfm as <strong>of</strong> Dec. 21, 2010.Class I rail:1960-09: Association <strong>of</strong> American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), page 3, and similar tables in earlier editions.Amtrak:1980: Amtrak, Corporate Planning and Development , personal communication (Washington, DC).1985-2001: Amtrak, Corporate Planning and Development, Amtrak Annual Report, Statistical Appendix (Washington, DC: Annual Issues).2002-09: Association <strong>of</strong> American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), page 77, and similar tables in earlier editions.Transit:1985-95: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong>, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), available athttp://www.ntdprogram.gov/ntdprogram as <strong>of</strong> Nov. 16, 2009.1996-2009: Ibid., National Transit Database (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table 23 and similar tables in earlier edition, available at http://www.ntdprogram.gov/ntdprogram as <strong>of</strong> Dec.21, 2010.Navigable channels:1960-96: U.S. Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Engineers, Ohio River Division, Huntington District, Ohio River Navigation System Report, 1996, Commerce on the Ohio River and its Tributaries (FortBelvoir, VA: 1996), page 2.1997-99: Ibid., Waterborne Commerce Statistics Center Databases , personal communication, Aug. 3, 2001.2000-04: Ibid., personal communication, Apr. 21, 2006.2005-06: U.S. Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Engineers, personal communication, Dec. 12, 2006.2007-08: U.S. Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Engineers, personal communication, May 13, 2009 and Dec. 15, 2009.Oil pipeline:2001-03: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong>, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Administration, Office <strong>of</strong> Pipeline Safety,Pipeline Statistics , available at http://ops.dot.gov/stats.htm as <strong>of</strong>May 22, 2009.2004-09: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong>, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Administration, Office <strong>of</strong> Pipeline Safety,Pipeline Statistics , available at http://ops.dot.gov/stats.htm as <strong>of</strong>Nov. 30, 2010.Gas pipeline:1960-80: American Gas Association, Gas Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table 5-1 and similar tables in earlier editions, personal communication, May 07, 2009.1985-2009: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong>, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Administration, Office <strong>of</strong> Pipeline Safety,Pipeline Statistics , available at http://ops.dot.gov/stats.htm as <strong>of</strong>Nov. 30, 2010.
Table 1-4M: Kilometers <strong>of</strong> Public Roads and Streets in the United States by Type <strong>of</strong> Surface a (Thousands <strong>of</strong> Kilometers)1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 (R)1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 (R)2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008TOTAL paved and unpaved 5,706 5,938 6,003 6,177 6,212 6,218 6,223 6,251 6,278 6,285 6,287 6,296 6,331 6,370 6,355 6,325 6,357 6,377 6,406 6,419 6,430 6,454 6,488 6,513 6,531Paved b , total 1,980 2,341 2,669 2,986 3,336 3,402 3,629 3,669 3,706 3,666 3,769 3,827 3,831 3,878 3,895 3,945 4,031 4,061 4,148 4,204 4,149 4,187 4,232 4,241 4,400Low and intermediate type c 1,082 1,220 1,443 1,556 1,676 1,634 1,649 1,657 1,651 1,625 1,678 1,709 1,716 N N N N N N N N N N N NHigh-type c 899 1,121 1,226 1,430 1,660 1,769 1,980 2,012 2,055 2,041 2,091 2,118 2,115 N N N N N N N N N N N NUnpaved d , total 3,726 3,597 3,334 3,191 2,876 2,816 2,594 2,582 2,572 2,619 2,518 2,469 2,500 2,492 2,460 2,380 2,326 2,315 2,258 2,215 2,281 2,267 2,256 2,272 2,131KEY: N = data do not exist; R = revised.a 1960-95 data include the 50 states and the District <strong>of</strong> Columbia; 1996-2008 data include the 50 states, District <strong>of</strong> Columbia, and Puerto RicobPaved mileage includes the following categories: low type (an earth, gravel, or stone roadway that has a bituminous surface course less than 1" thick); intermediate type (a mixedbituminous or bituminous penetration roadway on a flexible base having a combined surface and base thickness <strong>of</strong> less than 7"); high-type flexible (a mixed bituminous orbituminous penetration roadway on a flexible base having a combined surface and base thickness <strong>of</strong> 7" or more; high-type composite (a mixed bituminous or bituminous penetrationroadway <strong>of</strong> more than 1" compacted material on a rigid base with a combined surface and base thickness <strong>of</strong> 7" or more; high-type rigid (Portland cement concrete roadway with orwithout a bituminous wearing surface <strong>of</strong> less than 1").cBeginning in 1997, data no longer available for paved minor collectors and local public roadsd Unpaved mileage includes the following categories: unimproved roadways using the natural surface and maintained to permit passability; graded and drained roadways <strong>of</strong> naturalearth aligned and graded to permit reasonably convenient use by motor vehicles, and that have adequate drainage to prevent serious impairment <strong>of</strong> the road by normal surfacewater–surface may be stabilized; and soil, gravel, or stone roadways drained and graded with a surface <strong>of</strong> mixed soil, gravel, crushed stone, slag, shell, etc.–surface may bestabilized. The percentage <strong>of</strong> unpaved roads that are nonsurfaced dropped from approximately 42% in the 1960s to about 37% in the first half <strong>of</strong> the 1970s, to about 32% in 1980and has held at about 22% since 1985.NOTESA public road is any road under the jurisdiction <strong>of</strong> and maintained by a public authority (federal, state, county, town or township, local government or instrumentality there<strong>of</strong>) andopen to public travel. No consistent data on private road mileage are available (although prior to 1980 some nonpublic roadway mileage are included). Most data are provided by thestates to the <strong>US</strong> DOT Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Some years contain FHWA estimates for some states.Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.1 mile = 1.609344 kilometersSOURCES1960-95: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong>, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995 (Washington, DC), table HM-212, available athttp://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.cfm as <strong>of</strong> Jan. 7, 2010.1996-2008: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong>, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table HM-12, available athttp://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.cfm as <strong>of</strong> Jan. 7, 2010.
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NationalTransportationStatistics
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AcknowledgmentsU.S. Department of T
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Table of ContentsINTRODUCTIONTable
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1-56 U.S. Waterborne Freight (Updat
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SECTION E. RAILROAD2-39 Railroad an
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3-35 Transportation Expenditures by
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4-51 Air Pollution Trends in Select
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IntroductionCompiled and published
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SOURCESU.S. resident population, ag
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Table 1-1: System Mileage Within th
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Table 1-3: Number of U.S. Airports
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Table 1-5: U.S. Public Road and Str
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Table 1-7: Number of Stations Serve
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Table 1-9: ADA-Accessible Rail Tran
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Section BVehicle, Aircraft, andVess
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Table 1-12: U.S. Sales or Deliverie
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Table 1-14: U.S. Automobile and Tru
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Table 1-16: Retail a New Passenger
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Table 1-18: Retail Sales of New Car
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Table 1-20: Period Sales, Market Sh
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Table 1-22: Number of Trucks by Wei
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Taiwan U U U 116 132 124 101 113 11
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Section CCondition
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Table 1-26: Average Age of Automobi
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Table 1-28: Condition of U.S. Highw
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Table 1-30: Condition of Urban Bus
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Table 1-32: Class I Railroad Locomo
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Table 1-34: U.S. Flag Vessels by Ty
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Table 1-36: Roadway Vehicle-Miles T
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Table 1-38: Average Length of Haul,
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Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles (M
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Table 1-42: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-43: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-45: Air Passenger Travel Ar
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Section DTravel and GoodsMovement
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Table 1-48: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-50: U.S. Ton-Miles of Freig
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Table 1-52: U.S.-Canadian Border La
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Table 1-54: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-56: U.S. Waterborne Freight
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Table 1-58: Freight Activity in the
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Table 1-60: Value of U.S. Land Expo
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Table 1-61M: Crude Oil and Petroleu
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Table 1-63: U.S. Hazardous Material
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Table 1-64: Passengers Boarded and
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Table 1-66: Flight Operations Arriv
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Table 1-68: Major U.S. Air Carrier
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Table 1-69: Annual Person-Hours of
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Table 1-70: Travel Time IndexShort-
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Table 1-71: Annual Roadway Congesti
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Table 1-73: Amtrak On-Time Performa
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Table 2-1: Transportation Fatalitie
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Table 2-3: Transportation Accidents
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Table 2-5: Highway-Rail Grade-Cross
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Table 2-7: Transportation-Related O
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Section BAir
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Table 2-10: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-12: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-14: U.S. General Aviation a
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Table 2-16b: Prohibited Items Inter
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Section CHighway
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Table 2-18: Motor Vehicle Fatalitie
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Table 2-20: Occupant and Nonmotoris
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Table 2-22: Motorcycle Rider Safety
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Table 2-24: Bus Occupant Safety Dat
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Table 2-26: Fatalities by Highest B
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Table 2-28: Motor Vehicle Fatal Cra
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Table 2-30: Safety Belt and Motorcy
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Section DTransit
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Table 2-33: Transit Safety Data by
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d The number of Unlinked passenger
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Table 2-36: Transit and Grade-Cross
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Table 2-38: Reports of Violent Crim
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KEY: N = data do not exist.a The ki
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Table 2-39: Railroad and Grade-Cros
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Table 2-41: Train Fatalities, Injur
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Table 2-43: Railroad System Safety
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Section FWater
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Table 2-46: Waterborne Transportati
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Table 2-48: Personal Watercraft Saf
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Section GPipeline
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Chapter 3Transportation andthe Econ
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Table 3-2: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-4: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-6: U.S. Gross Domestic Dema
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Table 3-8: Contributions to Gross D
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Table 3-10: National Transportation
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Table 3-11: Sales Price of Transpor
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Table 3-13: Producer Price Indices
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Table 3-15: Personal Expenditures b
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Table 3-17: Average Cost of Owning
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Table 3-19: Average Passenger Fares
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Table 3-20: Average Passenger Reven
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Table 3-22: Total Operating Revenue
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Table 3-24: Employment in Transport
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Table 3-26: Median Weekly Earnings
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Table 3-28: Labor Productivity Indi
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Table 3-29: Federal, State, and Loc
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Table 3-31: Summary of Transportati
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Table 3-33: Transportation Revenues
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Table 3-35: Transportation Expendit
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Table 3-37: Federal Transportation
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Chapter 4Transportation, Energy,and
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Table 4-2: U.S. Consumption of Ener
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Section BTransportation EnergyConsu
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Table 4-5: Fuel Consumption by Mode
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Table 4-7: Domestic Demand for Gaso
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Table 4-9: Motor Vehicle Fuel Consu
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Table 4-11: Light Duty Vehicle, Sho
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Table 4-13: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Ti
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Table 4-15: Bus Fuel Consumption an
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Table 4-17: Class I Rail Freight Fu
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Table 4-19: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-20: Energy Intensity of Pas
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Table 4-22: Energy Intensity of Lig
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- Page 313 and 314: Table 4-55: Leaking Underground Sto
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- Page 367 and 368: appendix cAcronyms and InitialismsA
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appendix dModal Profiles
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Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
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Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
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Highway ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
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General Aviation ProfileINVENTORY 1
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Motorcycle f f f f 50 50 50 50 50 5
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KEY: R = revised; U = data are unav
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Transit ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
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161960-2006: Fatalities and Injured
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SAFETY d,9Number of fatalities, rai
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SAFETYFatalities in waterborne tran
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Natural Gas Pipeline ProfileFINANCI
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appendix eSource andAccuracy Statem
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
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Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
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after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
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adherence to federal guidelines reg
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year. Also, expansion factors are u
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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
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The data are from Waterborne Commer
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The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
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A second data source for air-carrie
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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when data are entered, they are che
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vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
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TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
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BEA personal consumption expenditur
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Transportation-related government p
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information on their data collectio
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AccuracyAs in all surveys, the accu
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The American Public Transit Associa
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Government EmploymentThe Office of
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specifications or equations, should
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As mentioned above, the Highway Rev
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Highway ExpendituresFederal Highway
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consistency between the different m
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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when data are entered, they are che
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vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
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TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
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Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
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after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
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adherence to federal guidelines reg
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year. Also, expansion factors are u
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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
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The data are from Waterborne Commer
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The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
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A second data source for air-carrie
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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If transportation had been reviewed
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Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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If transportation had been reviewed
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Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to