Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

Table 4-6: Energy Consumption by Mode of Transportation (Trillion Btu)1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008AirCertificated carriers aJet fuel 264 525 1,061 1,020 1,150 1,366 1,649 1,534 1,566 1,615 1,688 1,730 1,780 1,844 1,796 1,956 1,877 1,770 1,659 1,676 1,806 1,793 1,758 1,755 1,683General aviation b,cAviation gasoline 29 35 66 50 63 51 42 43 38 32 32 34 35 35 37 42 40 34 33 33 33 35 34 33 30Jet fuel U 8 28 61 103 93 90 78 67 61 63 76 82 87 110 131 131 124 127 126 166 206 222 201 230HighwayGasoline, diesel and other fuelsLight duty vehicle, short wheel base and motorcycle d 5,146 6,215 8,485 9,282 8,773 8,963 8,720 8,063 8,203 8,406 8,510 8,534 8,677 8,762 8,988 9,187 9,159 9,219 9,458 9,456 9,425 9,701 9,404 11,256 10,760Light duty vehicle, long wheel base d U U 1,539 2,385 2,975 3,420 4,451 4,777 5,116 5,356 5,514 5,701 5,919 6,173 6,308 6,607 6,617 6,690 6,903 7,595 7,927 7,359 7,586 4,614 4,366Single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more truck e U 1,921 550 752 960 1,026 1,159 1,133 1,142 1,177 1,253 1,278 1,305 1,328 946 1,300 1,195 1,208 1,290 1,110 1,120 1,188 1,232 2,039 2,143Combination truck U 923 1,019 1,273 1,808 1,942 2,238 2,331 2,388 2,462 2,587 2,743 2,801 2,816 3,489 3,403 3,208 3,189 3,310 2,977 3,024 3,461 3,513 3,863 3,820Bus 115 121 114 146 141 116 124 120 122 129 134 134 137 142 144 159 139 128 125 121 170 140 144 253 257Transit fElectricity 10 9 9 9 8 14 17 17 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 21 22Motor fuelDiesel g 29 34 38 51 60 84 90 92 95 94 94 94 74 75 78 80 82 83 93 77 76 74 76 74 74Gasoline and other nondiesel fuels h 24 16 9 1 1 6 4 4 5 6 8 8 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 4Compressed natural gas U U U U U U U U 0 0 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 11 12 13 15 15 16Rail, Class I (in freight service)Distillate / diesel fuel 480 498 492 507 541 431 432 403 417 428 462 483 496 496 497 515 513 515 517 531 563 568 581 563 539AmtrakElectricity U U U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2Distillate / diesel fuel U U U 9 9 9 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 11 11 13 13 12 10 10 9 9 9 9WaterResidual fuel oil 592 463 565 608 1,340 687 947 1,014 983 791 806 881 853 750 841 874 960 810 726 580 702 775 861 947 758Distillate / diesel fuel oil 109 90 114 152 205 236 286 284 308 299 304 324 345 357 360 336 314 284 288 307 297 278 264 267 165Gasoline U U 75 91 132 132 163 214 165 109 109 133 124 123 120 137 141 124 135 138 126 158 155 153 142PipelineNatural gas 358 516 745 601 654 519 680 620 606 644 707 722 734 775 655 665 662 644 688 610 584 602 602 641 668KEY: Btu = British thermal unit; P = preliminary; R = revised; U = data are unavailable.aDomestic operations only.b Includes fuel used in air taxi operations, but not commuter operations.cThe values for energy consumption by general aviation in 2010 are estimated values.d Data for 2007-10 were calculated using a new methodology developed by FHWA. Data for these years are based on new categories and are not comparable toprevious years. The new category Light duty vehicle, short wheel base includes passenger cars, light trucks, vans and sport utility vehicles with a wheelbase (WB)equal to or less than 121 inches. The new category Light duty vehicle, long wheel base includes large passenger cars, vans, pickup trucks, and sport/utility vehicleswith wheelbases (WB) larger than 121 inches. In addition, this edition of table 4-06 is not comparable to previous editions.e1965 data includes other 2-axle 4-tire vehicles.fPrior to 1984, excludes commuter rail, automated guideway, ferryboat, demand responsive vehicles, and most rural and smaller systems.g Diesel includes Diesel and Bio-Diesel.h Gasoline and all other nondiesel fuels include Gasoline, Liquified Petroleum Gas, Liquified Natural Gas, Methane, Ethanol, Bunker Fuel, Kerosene, Grain Additive,and Other Fuel.NOTESThe following conversion rates were used:Jet fuel = 135,000 Btu/gallon.Aviation gasoline = 120,200 Btu/gallon.Automotive gasoline = 125,000 Btu/gallon.Diesel motor fuel = 138,700 Btu/gallon.Compressed natural gas = 138,700 Btu/gallon.Distillate fuel = 138,700 Btu/gallon.Residual fuel = 149,700 Btu/gallon.Natural gas = 1,031 Btu/ft 3 .Electricity 1kWh = 3,412 Btu, negating electrical system losses. To include approximate electrical system losses, multiply this conversion factor by 3.SOURCESAir:Certificated air carriers:U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Fuel Costand Consumption , available at http://www.bts.gov/programs/airline_information as of Jan 3, 2012.General aviation:1960-70: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, FAA Statistical Handbook of Aviation - 1972 edition (Washington, DC: 1973), table9.12.1975-93: Ibid., General Aviation and Air Taxi Activity Survey (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 5.1, and similar tables in earlier editions.1994-2010: Ibid., FAA Aerospace Forecasts Fiscal Years 2011-2031 (Washington, DC: February 2011), tables 22 and 30, and similar tables in earlier editions,available at http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/apl/aviation_forecasts/ as of Jan. 3, 2012.Highway:1960-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July1997), table VM-201A, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.cfm as of Sep. 28, 2009.1995-2010: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Mar. 9,2012.Transit:Electricity / motor fuel / compressed natural gas:1960-96: American Public Transportation Association, Public Transportation Fact Book, Appendix A: Historical Tables (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), tables 29,30, 31 and similar tables in earlier editions, available at http://apta.com/resources/statistics/Pages/transitstats.aspx as of Apr. 26, 2011.1997-2010: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database , table 17 and similar tables in previous years, available atwww.ntdprogram.gov as of Jan. 3, 2012.Rail:Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), p. 40 and similar tables in previous editions.Amtrak:1975-2010: Amtrak, Energy Management Department, personal communication.Water:Residual and distillate / diesel fuel oil:1960-80: American Petroleum Institute, Basic Petroleum Data Book (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 10, 10a, 12, and 12a.1985-2010 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), available athttp://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/fuel_oil_and_kerosene_sales/foks.html as of Mar. 9, 2012.Gasoline:1970-2010: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table MF-24 and similartables in earlier editions, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.cfm as of Jan. 3, 2012.Pipeline:U.S. Department of Energy, Natural Gas Annual, DOE/EIA-0131(04) (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table 15 and similar tables in earlier editions, available athttp://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/ng/ng_pub_publist.asp as of Jan. 3, 2012.