Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

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A second data source for air-carrier delay is the USDOT, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of AirlineInformation (OAI). This information originates from the Airline Service Quality Performance data. These figures arecollected from the largest airlines-those that have at least one percent or more of total domestic scheduled servicepassenger revenues. Delays are categorized by phase of flight (i.e., gate-hold, taxi-out, airborne, or taxi-in delays).These data differ from FAA's OSPNET information due to differences in definition of delay.While the FAA tracks delays on the taxiway, runway, and in the air, BTS tracks delays at the departure and arrivalgates. OAI calculates delays as the difference between scheduled and actual gate departure. If a flight leaves thegate within 15 minutes of its scheduled time, then OAI would record it as departed on-time even if it sat for severalhours on the ramp or runway, in which case the delay would be accounted for as a late arrival.TABLE 1-69. Annual Person-Hours of Delay Per Auto TravelerTABLE 1-70. Travel Time IndexTABLE 1-71. Annual Roadway Congestion IndexTABLE 1-72. Annual Congestion Index and Cost ValuesThe Texas Transportation Institute's (TTI) Urban Roadway Congestion Annual Report provided figures for tables 1-60through 62.TTI relies on data from the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration,Highway Performance Monitoring System database (HPMS). TTI utilizes these data as inputs to its congestionestimation model. Detailed documentation for the TTI model and estimations can be found at this websitehttp://mobility.tamu.edu.Structure, Assumptions, and ParametersUrban roadway congestion levels are estimated using a formula measuring traffic density. Average travel volume perlane on freeways and principal arterial streets are estimated using area wide estimates of vehicle-miles of travel (vmt)and lane miles of roadway. The resulting ratios are combined using the amount of travel on each portion of thesystem so that the combined index measures conditions on the freeway and principal arterial street systems. Valuesgreater than one are indicative of undesirable congestion levels. Readers seeking the algorithm for the congestionindex should examine this website http://mobility.tamu.edu.Annual person-hours of delay results from the multiplication of daily vehicle-hours of incident and recurring delaytimes 250 working days per year times 1.25 persons per vehicle. Two types of costs are incurred due to congestion:time delay and fuel consumption. Delay costs are the product of passenger vehicle hours of delay times $12.85 perhour person time value times 1.25 occupants per vehicle. Fuel costs are calculated for passenger and commercialvehicles from the multiplication of peak period congestion speeds, the average fuel economy, fuel costs, and vehiclehoursof delay.In previous reports, the TTI methodology assumed that 45 percent of all traffic, regardless of the urban location,occurred in congested conditions. TTI indicated that this assumption overestimated travel in congested periods. Thus,their 2002 estimates now vary by urban area anywhere from 18 percent to 50 percent of travel that occurs incongestion. TTI's model structure applies to two types of roads: freeways and principal arterial streets. The modelderives estimates of vehicle traffic per lane and traffic speed for an entire urban area. Based on variation in theseamounts, travel is then classified under 5 categories: uncongested, moderately congested, heavily congested,severely congested, and extremely congested (a new category in 1999). The threshold between uncongested andcongested was changed in 2002. Previous editions classified congested travel when areawide traffic levels reached14,000 vehicles per lane per day on highways and 5,500vehicles per lane per day on principal arterial streets. For thecurrent edition, these values are 15,500 and 5,500 vehicles per lane per day, respectively. Previous years valueshave been re-estimated based on these new assumptions. Readers should refer to the TTI Internet site for moredetailed algorithms and estimation procedures at http://mobility.tamu.edu.TTI reviews and adjusts the data used in their models. State and local officials also review the TTI data andestimations. Some of the limitations acknowledged in the TTI report include the macroscopic character of the index.Thus, it does not account for local variations in travel patterns that may affect travel times. The index also does not
account for local improvements, such as ramp metering or travel speed advantages obtained with transit or carpoollanes.TABLE 1-73. Amtrak On-Time Performance Trends and Hours of Delay by CauseAmtrak determines on-time performance through its computer system maintained at the National Operations Center(NOPS) in Wilmington, Delaware. If a train is delayed, a call is made to the NOPS for recordkeeping. These data canbe supplemented with computer entries made for locomotive or car malfunctions that cause delays. These datashould be considered reliable.
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NationalTransportationStatistics
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AcknowledgmentsU.S. Department of T
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Table of ContentsINTRODUCTIONTable
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1-56 U.S. Waterborne Freight (Updat
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SECTION E. RAILROAD2-39 Railroad an
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3-35 Transportation Expenditures by
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4-51 Air Pollution Trends in Select
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IntroductionCompiled and published
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SOURCESU.S. resident population, ag
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Table 1-1: System Mileage Within th
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Table 1-3: Number of U.S. Airports
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Table 1-5: U.S. Public Road and Str
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Table 1-7: Number of Stations Serve
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Table 1-9: ADA-Accessible Rail Tran
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Section BVehicle, Aircraft, andVess
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Table 1-12: U.S. Sales or Deliverie
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Table 1-14: U.S. Automobile and Tru
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Table 1-16: Retail a New Passenger
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Table 1-18: Retail Sales of New Car
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Table 1-20: Period Sales, Market Sh
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Table 1-22: Number of Trucks by Wei
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Taiwan U U U 116 132 124 101 113 11
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Section CCondition
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Table 1-26: Average Age of Automobi
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Table 1-28: Condition of U.S. Highw
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Table 1-30: Condition of Urban Bus
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Table 1-32: Class I Railroad Locomo
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Table 1-34: U.S. Flag Vessels by Ty
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Table 1-36: Roadway Vehicle-Miles T
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Table 1-38: Average Length of Haul,
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Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles (M
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Table 1-42: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-43: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-45: Air Passenger Travel Ar
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Section DTravel and GoodsMovement
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Table 1-48: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-50: U.S. Ton-Miles of Freig
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Table 1-52: U.S.-Canadian Border La
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Table 1-54: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-56: U.S. Waterborne Freight
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Table 1-58: Freight Activity in the
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Table 1-60: Value of U.S. Land Expo
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Table 1-61M: Crude Oil and Petroleu
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Table 1-63: U.S. Hazardous Material
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Table 1-64: Passengers Boarded and
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Table 1-66: Flight Operations Arriv
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Table 1-68: Major U.S. Air Carrier
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Table 1-69: Annual Person-Hours of
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Table 1-70: Travel Time IndexShort-
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Table 1-71: Annual Roadway Congesti
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Table 1-73: Amtrak On-Time Performa
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Table 2-1: Transportation Fatalitie
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Table 2-3: Transportation Accidents
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Table 2-5: Highway-Rail Grade-Cross
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Table 2-7: Transportation-Related O
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Section BAir
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Table 2-10: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-12: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-14: U.S. General Aviation a
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Table 2-16b: Prohibited Items Inter
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Section CHighway
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Table 2-18: Motor Vehicle Fatalitie
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Table 2-20: Occupant and Nonmotoris
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Table 2-22: Motorcycle Rider Safety
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Table 2-24: Bus Occupant Safety Dat
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Table 2-26: Fatalities by Highest B
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Table 2-28: Motor Vehicle Fatal Cra
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Table 2-30: Safety Belt and Motorcy
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Section DTransit
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Table 2-33: Transit Safety Data by
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d The number of Unlinked passenger
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Table 2-36: Transit and Grade-Cross
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Table 2-38: Reports of Violent Crim
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KEY: N = data do not exist.a The ki
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Table 2-39: Railroad and Grade-Cros
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Table 2-41: Train Fatalities, Injur
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Table 2-43: Railroad System Safety
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Section FWater
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Table 2-46: Waterborne Transportati
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Table 2-48: Personal Watercraft Saf
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Section GPipeline
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Chapter 3Transportation andthe Econ
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Table 3-2: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-4: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-6: U.S. Gross Domestic Dema
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Table 3-8: Contributions to Gross D
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Table 3-10: National Transportation
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Table 3-11: Sales Price of Transpor
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Table 3-13: Producer Price Indices
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Table 3-15: Personal Expenditures b
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Table 3-17: Average Cost of Owning
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Table 3-19: Average Passenger Fares
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Table 3-20: Average Passenger Reven
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Table 3-22: Total Operating Revenue
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Table 3-24: Employment in Transport
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Table 3-26: Median Weekly Earnings
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Table 3-28: Labor Productivity Indi
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Table 3-29: Federal, State, and Loc
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Table 3-31: Summary of Transportati
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Table 3-33: Transportation Revenues
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Table 3-35: Transportation Expendit
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Table 3-37: Federal Transportation
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Chapter 4Transportation, Energy,and
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Table 4-2: U.S. Consumption of Ener
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Section BTransportation EnergyConsu
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Table 4-5: Fuel Consumption by Mode
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Table 4-7: Domestic Demand for Gaso
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Table 4-9: Motor Vehicle Fuel Consu
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Table 4-11: Light Duty Vehicle, Sho
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Table 4-13: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Ti
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Table 4-15: Bus Fuel Consumption an
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Table 4-17: Class I Rail Freight Fu
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Table 4-19: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-20: Energy Intensity of Pas
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Table 4-22: Energy Intensity of Lig
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Table 4-24: Energy Intensity of Tra
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Table 4-26: Energy Intensity of Amt
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Table 4-28: Annual Wasted Fuel Due
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Table 4-29: Annual Wasted Fuel Per
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Section DAir Pollution
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Table 4-31: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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1968-Table 4-33: Federal Exhaust Em
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC = hyd
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; g = gram
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KEY: bhp = brake horsepower; bhph =
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Table 4-42: Tier 2 Federal Exhaust
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Table 4-44: Estimated National Aver
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Table 4-46: Estimated National Emis
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Monmouth-Ocean, NJ 5 21 4 41 34 31
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Table 4-52: Areas in Nonattainment
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Section EWater Pollution, Noise,and
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Table 4-55: Leaking Underground Sto
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Table 4-57: Number of People Residi
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appendix aMetric ConversionTables
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Table 1-4M: Kilometers of Public Ro
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Table 1-35M: U.S. Vehicle-Kilometer
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Table 1-38M: Average Length of Haul
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a Includes freight, express, and ma
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Table 1-56M: U.S. Waterborne Freigh
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Table 4-3M: Domestic Demand for Ref
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Table 4-6M: Energy Consumption by M
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Table 4-8M: Certificated Air Carrie
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Table 4-11M: Light Duty Vehicle, Sh
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Table 4-13M: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-T
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Table 4-15M: Bus Fuel Consumption a
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Table 4-17M: Class I Rail Freight F
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Table 4-19M: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-21M: Energy Intensity of Ce
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Table 4-23M: Average Fuel Efficienc
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Table 4-25M: Energy Intensity of Cl
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Appendix B: GlossaryAIR CARRIER: A
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Appendix B: GlossaryCOLLISION WITH
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Appendix B: GlossaryFEDERAL ENERGY
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Appendix B: GlossaryINJURY (Rail):
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Appendix B: GlossaryMOTOR BUS (Tran
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Appendix B: GlossaryPERSONAL BUSINE
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Appendix B: GlossarySUBCOMPACT CAR:
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appendix cAcronyms and InitialismsA
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appendix dModal Profiles
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Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
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Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
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Highway ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
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General Aviation ProfileINVENTORY 1
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Motorcycle f f f f 50 50 50 50 50 5
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KEY: R = revised; U = data are unav
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Transit ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
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161960-2006: Fatalities and Injured
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SAFETY d,9Number of fatalities, rai
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SAFETYFatalities in waterborne tran
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Natural Gas Pipeline ProfileFINANCI
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appendix eSource andAccuracy Statem
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
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Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
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after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
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adherence to federal guidelines reg
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year. Also, expansion factors are u
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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
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The data are from Waterborne Commer
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The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
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A second data source for air-carrie
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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when data are entered, they are che
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vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
Page 426 and 427: TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
Page 428 and 429: BEA personal consumption expenditur
Page 430 and 431: Transportation-related government p
Page 432 and 433: information on their data collectio
Page 434 and 435: AccuracyAs in all surveys, the accu
Page 436 and 437: The American Public Transit Associa
Page 438 and 439: Government EmploymentThe Office of
Page 440 and 441: specifications or equations, should
Page 442 and 443: As mentioned above, the Highway Rev
Page 444 and 445: Highway ExpendituresFederal Highway
Page 446 and 447: consistency between the different m
Page 448 and 449: Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
Page 450 and 451: when data are entered, they are che
Page 452 and 453: vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
Page 454 and 455: TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
Page 456 and 457: agencies receiving funds through th
Page 458 and 459: solicitations of all federally regu
Page 460 and 461: Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
Page 462 and 463: Highway, Total (registered vehicles
Page 464 and 465: after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
Page 466 and 467: adherence to federal guidelines reg
Page 468 and 469: year. Also, expansion factors are u
Page 470 and 471: PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
Page 472 and 473: The data are from Waterborne Commer
Page 474 and 475: The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
Page 480 and 481: If transportation had been reviewed
Page 482 and 483: Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
Page 484 and 485: RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
Page 486 and 487: multiplied by the average peak peri
Page 488 and 489: In general, lead emissions are esti
Page 490 and 491: The number of the people exposed to
Page 494 and 495: If transportation had been reviewed
Page 496 and 497: Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
Page 498 and 499: RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
Page 500 and 501: multiplied by the average peak peri
Page 502 and 503: In general, lead emissions are esti
Page 504 and 505: The number of the people exposed to
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Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

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