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Table 1-36M: Roadway Vehicle-Kilometers Traveled (VKT) and VKT per Lane-Kilometers by Functional Class a1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 (R) 2009 2010Urban VKT, total (millions) 1,376,416 1,680,313 2,052,693 2,073,635 2,193,623 2,268,647 2,332,337 2,397,173 2,452,457 2,499,240 2,567,901 2,619,397 2,677,583 2,714,387 2,780,296 2,905,683 3,045,305 3,141,230 3,181,749 3,209,867 3,191,476 3,177,784 3,190,295Interstate 259,494 347,921 448,848 459,186 488,058 510,804 532,012 549,636 565,812 581,670 602,896 616,796 633,221 643,715 657,607 696,255 731,262 754,895 768,113 777,820 766,194 764,114 768,771Other arterial b 779,227 930,635 1,125,306 1,138,640 1,199,956 1,245,597 1,284,094 1,311,889 1,343,196 1,362,514 1,388,857 1,413,250 1,449,040 1,470,837 1,508,530 1,567,398 1,641,674 1,686,945 1,706,062 1,718,989 1,709,487 1,695,490 1,693,950Collector c 133,645 144,162 171,068 172,652 186,789 189,721 193,263 204,272 208,104 209,450 212,281 211,794 217,860 221,962 228,324 247,438 260,888 270,431 278,754 281,090 282,261 289,670 290,592Local 204,050 257,595 307,470 303,157 318,821 322,525 322,968 331,375 335,345 345,607 363,868 377,557 377,462 377,872 385,835 394,592 411,482 428,959 428,819 431,969 433,533 428,510 436,982Rural VKT, total (millions) 1,081,527 1,175,993 1,398,324 1,421,941 1,422,816 1,427,015 1,461,833 1,501,983 1,545,282 1,608,180 1,661,693 1,710,126 1,743,164 1,787,494 1,815,598 1,746,758 1,722,397 1,670,398 1,669,001 1,666,159 1,593,923 1,580,666 1,583,833Interstate 217,397 248,414 322,147 329,933 330,812 335,239 346,923 359,498 374,277 386,653 404,782 418,697 431,594 440,347 450,555 434,434 429,688 416,482 415,071 412,697 391,537 389,748 395,331Other arterial b 422,894 455,127 532,477 538,736 553,714 562,574 575,065 593,196 609,695 630,955 649,345 665,174 676,888 687,966 698,141 670,446 659,741 642,019 634,885 633,221 602,334 600,060 605,778Collector c 304,919 332,602 386,983 395,303 378,051 364,188 371,000 380,043 387,900 408,934 414,998 425,596 430,067 437,917 442,581 424,323 419,928 404,890 404,549 404,773 388,106 372,300 369,115Local 136,318 139,850 156,716 157,968 160,239 165,014 168,844 169,245 173,410 181,639 192,568 200,659 204,615 221,264 224,320 217,554 213,040 207,007 214,497 215,469 211,946 218,557 213,609Urban VKT per lane-kilometer,total (thousands) 613 677 764 766 775 782 794 809 820 825 844 858 869 857 861 856 860 862 856 851 829 808 805Interstate 3,327 3,773 4,483 4,542 4,508 4,588 4,667 4,785 4,897 5,002 5,131 5,229 5,323 5,370 5,440 5,436 5,479 5,455 5,427 5,414 5,245 5,221 5,175Other arterial b 1,451 1,556 1,751 1,758 1,783 1,778 1,803 1,828 1,857 1,866 1,901 1,950 1,974 1,997 2,025 2,012 2,019 2,001 1,989 1,977 1,923 1,853 1,845Collector c 572 552 634 649 659 656 655 686 692 689 703 706 718 728 743 741 745 745 747 747 723 713 702Local 146 168 184 179 181 179 178 181 181 184 192 198 196 189 188 183 184 187 183 181 179 174 176Rural VKT per lane-kilometer,total (thousands) 103 113 136 138 139 140 144 148 152 157 165 169 172 177 179 175 174 170 170 169 163 161 161Interstate 1,031 1,170 1,473 1,502 1,540 1,576 1,642 1,693 1,749 1,804 1,888 1,939 1,993 2,032 2,080 2,070 2,088 2,061 2,074 2,076 1,981 1,987 1,987Other arterial b 518 555 640 646 653 665 674 695 711 730 750 766 778 788 797 (R) 780 771 753 744 742 705 694 694Collector c 132 141 164 167 163 158 161 167 170 179 182 187 189 192 195 190 189 183 184 184 177 168 166Local 19 20 23 23 23 24 25 25 25 26 29 30 30 33 33 33 32 32 33 33 32 33 33KEY: R = revised.a Includes the 50 States and the District of Columbia.b Urban other arterial includes other freeways and expressways, other principal arterial, and minor arterial. Rural other arterial includes other principal arterial and minor arterial prior to 2009, and includes other freeways and expressways, otherprincipal arterial and minor arterial for 2009.bCollector is the sum of major and minor collectors.NOTESSee table 1-6M for estimated highway Lane-kilometers by functional class.1 mile=1.609344 kilometers.Component values may not add to totals due to rounding.2009 data exclude 1,325 kilometers of federal agency owned roads and 114 kilometers of other non federal agency owned roads. 2008 data exclude 1,268 kilometers of federal agency owned roads. 2007 data exclude 1,268 kilometers of federalowned roads and 703 kilometers of local government owned roads. 2006 data exclude 1,268 kilometers of federal owned roads and included 441 kilometers of miscoded roads. 2005 data exclude 1,239 kilometers of federal agency owned roads.SOURCESVehicle-Kilometers Traveled (VMT):1980-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table VM-202, available at www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi as of Mar. 18, 2009.1995-2010: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-2, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Mar. 14, 2012.Lane-kilometers:1980-95: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Office of Highway Information Management, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995 (Washington, DC), table HM-260, available athttp://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.cfm as of Mar. 29, 2011.1996-2010: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table HM-60, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Mar. 14, 2012.
Table 1-38M: Average Length of Haul, Domestic Freight and Passenger Modes (Kilometers)1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010FreightAir carrier U U U U U U U 2,104 2,408 2,379 2,542 2,502 2,319 1,795 1,778 1,697 1,733 1,158 1,938 (R) 1,927 (R) 1,997 (R) 1,961 (R) 1,960 (R) 1,963 (R) 2,005 (R) 1,869 1,862Class I rail 742 810 829 870 991 1,069 1,168 1,209 1,227 1,278 1,315 1,356 1,355 1,369 1,344 1,344 1,357 1,382 1,373 1,388 1,451 1,438 1,457 1,469 1,479 1,478 1,470Coastwise (water) 2,408 2,416 2,429 2,192 3,082 3,174 2,582 2,744 2,835 2,656 2,659 2,658 2,456 2,140 2,030 2,059 2,013 1,976 1,961 2,008 2,042 1,984 1,812 1,783 1,796 1,884 1,882Lakewise (water) 840 795 814 853 863 843 890 861 836 827 817 828 817 815 812 806 814 818 851 852 867 869 882 874 895 853 907Internal (water) 454 478 531 576 652 700 756 777 771 752 775 795 768 750 759 785 775 766 777 735 730 708 717 703 714 755 749Intraport (water) U U U 26 27 24 20 21 20 20 25 26 27 25 25 25 25 24 24 25 26 27 28 27 26 38 26Crude (oil pipeline) 523 515 483 U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U UPetroleum products (oil pipeline) 433 539 575 U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U UPassengerAir carrier, domestic, scheduled 938 988 1,091 1,123 1,184 1,220 1,292 1,297 1,297 1,286 1,267 1,273 1,291 1,315 1,307 1,326 1,342 1,359 (R) 1,370 (R) 1,359 1,387 (R) 1,394 (R) 1,404 (R) 1,404 (R) 1,403 1,403 1,413Commuter rail U U U U 37 38 35 37 37 35 38 39 38 36 37 36 37 37 37 38 38 36 38 39 38 39 38Amtrak a N N N 380 348 372 439 459 460 451 449 431 412 412 404 399 393 381 376 372 352 345 355 351 346 349 355KEY: N = data do not exist; R = revised; U = data are unavailable.a Amtrak began operations in 1971. Data are reported for fiscal years.NOTESAverage length of haul for freight is calculated by dividing ton-miles by estimates of tonnage from the various data sources. The calculation of average length of haul for passenger trips varies by mode: for air carrier it is calculated by dividing revenue passenger-miles by revenue passenger enplanements; forcommuter rail and Amtrak it is calculated by dividing passenger-miles by number of passengers.Eno Transportation Foundation has discontinued some data series years prior to 1990.1.609344 kilometers = 1 mile.SOURCESFreight:Air carrier:1991-2001: U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Air Freight Summary Data (U.S. Carriers) , special tabulation, available at http://www.transtats.bts.gov/rtm91_02.htm as of Aug. 18, 2011.2002: Ibid., TranStats Database, T-100 Market Data , special tabulation, Mar. 18, 2010.2003-10: Ibid., Air Cargo Summary Data (All U.S. Carriers) , special tabulation, available at http://www.transtats.bts.gov/freight.asp as of July 17, 2012.Class I rail:Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), pp. 27, 28, 36, and similar pages in previous editions.Water:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterborne Commerce of the United States, Part 5 (New Orleans, LA: Annual Issues), section 1, table 1-4, available at http://www.iwr.usace.army.mil/ndc/wcsc/wcsc.htm as of July 17, 2012.Oil pipeline:1960-70: Transportation Policy Associates, Washington, DC, personal communication.Passenger:Air carrier:1960-99: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Air Carrier Traffic Statistics, T-100 Segment Data (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), p. 3 and similar pages in previous issues.2000-10: Ibid., TranStats Database, T-100 Market Data and T-100 Segment Data , special tabulation, July 17, 2012.Commuter Rail:1980-95: American Public Transportation Association, Public Transportation Fact Book, Appendix A: Historical Tables (Washington, DC: April 2011), table 3, available at http://www.apta.com/resources/statistics/Pages/transitstats.aspx as of Aug. 18, 2011.1996-2010: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table 19 and similar tables in earlier editions, available at http://www.ntdprogram.gov/ntdprogram/data.htm as of July 17, 2012.Amtrak:1970-85: Amtrak, personal communication, Jan. 26, 1999.1990-2002: Amtrak, Amtrak Annual Report (Washington, DC: 2003), Statistical Appendix.2003-10: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), p. 77 and similar pages in previous editions.
Page 1:
NationalTransportationStatistics
Page 4 and 5:
AcknowledgmentsU.S. Department of T
Page 7 and 8:
Table of ContentsINTRODUCTIONTable
Page 9 and 10:
1-56 U.S. Waterborne Freight (Updat
Page 11 and 12:
SECTION E. RAILROAD2-39 Railroad an
Page 13 and 14:
3-35 Transportation Expenditures by
Page 15 and 16:
4-51 Air Pollution Trends in Select
Page 18:
IntroductionCompiled and published
Page 21:
SOURCESU.S. resident population, ag
Page 25 and 26:
Table 1-1: System Mileage Within th
Page 27 and 28:
Table 1-3: Number of U.S. Airports
Page 29 and 30:
Table 1-5: U.S. Public Road and Str
Page 31 and 32:
Table 1-7: Number of Stations Serve
Page 33 and 34:
Table 1-9: ADA-Accessible Rail Tran
Page 36:
Section BVehicle, Aircraft, andVess
Page 39 and 40:
Table 1-12: U.S. Sales or Deliverie
Page 41 and 42:
Table 1-14: U.S. Automobile and Tru
Page 43 and 44:
Table 1-16: Retail a New Passenger
Page 45 and 46:
Table 1-18: Retail Sales of New Car
Page 47 and 48:
Table 1-20: Period Sales, Market Sh
Page 49 and 50:
Table 1-22: Number of Trucks by Wei
Page 51 and 52:
Taiwan U U U 116 132 124 101 113 11
Page 53:
Section CCondition
Page 56 and 57:
Table 1-26: Average Age of Automobi
Page 58 and 59:
Table 1-28: Condition of U.S. Highw
Page 60 and 61:
Table 1-30: Condition of Urban Bus
Page 62 and 63:
Table 1-32: Class I Railroad Locomo
Page 64 and 65:
Table 1-34: U.S. Flag Vessels by Ty
Page 66 and 67:
Table 1-36: Roadway Vehicle-Miles T
Page 68 and 69:
Table 1-38: Average Length of Haul,
Page 70 and 71:
Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles (M
Page 72 and 73:
Table 1-42: Long-Distance Travel in
Page 74 and 75:
Table 1-43: Long-Distance Travel in
Page 76 and 77:
Table 1-45: Air Passenger Travel Ar
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Section DTravel and GoodsMovement
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Table 1-48: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-50: U.S. Ton-Miles of Freig
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Table 1-52: U.S.-Canadian Border La
Page 88 and 89:
Table 1-54: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-56: U.S. Waterborne Freight
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Table 1-58: Freight Activity in the
Page 94 and 95:
Table 1-60: Value of U.S. Land Expo
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Table 1-61M: Crude Oil and Petroleu
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Table 1-63: U.S. Hazardous Material
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Table 1-64: Passengers Boarded and
Page 104 and 105:
Table 1-66: Flight Operations Arriv
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Table 1-68: Major U.S. Air Carrier
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Table 1-69: Annual Person-Hours of
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Table 1-70: Travel Time IndexShort-
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Table 1-71: Annual Roadway Congesti
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Table 1-73: Amtrak On-Time Performa
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Table 2-1: Transportation Fatalitie
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Table 2-3: Transportation Accidents
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Table 2-5: Highway-Rail Grade-Cross
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Table 2-7: Transportation-Related O
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Section BAir
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Table 2-10: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-12: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-14: U.S. General Aviation a
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Table 2-16b: Prohibited Items Inter
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Section CHighway
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Table 2-18: Motor Vehicle Fatalitie
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Table 2-20: Occupant and Nonmotoris
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Table 2-22: Motorcycle Rider Safety
Page 148 and 149:
Table 2-24: Bus Occupant Safety Dat
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Table 2-26: Fatalities by Highest B
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Table 2-28: Motor Vehicle Fatal Cra
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Table 2-30: Safety Belt and Motorcy
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Section DTransit
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Table 2-33: Transit Safety Data by
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d The number of Unlinked passenger
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Table 2-36: Transit and Grade-Cross
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Table 2-38: Reports of Violent Crim
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KEY: N = data do not exist.a The ki
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Table 2-39: Railroad and Grade-Cros
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Table 2-41: Train Fatalities, Injur
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Table 2-43: Railroad System Safety
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Section FWater
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Table 2-46: Waterborne Transportati
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Table 2-48: Personal Watercraft Saf
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Section GPipeline
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Chapter 3Transportation andthe Econ
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Table 3-2: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-4: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-6: U.S. Gross Domestic Dema
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Table 3-8: Contributions to Gross D
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Table 3-10: National Transportation
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Table 3-11: Sales Price of Transpor
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Table 3-13: Producer Price Indices
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Table 3-15: Personal Expenditures b
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Table 3-17: Average Cost of Owning
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Table 3-19: Average Passenger Fares
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Table 3-20: Average Passenger Reven
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Table 3-22: Total Operating Revenue
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Table 3-24: Employment in Transport
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Table 3-26: Median Weekly Earnings
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Table 3-28: Labor Productivity Indi
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Table 3-29: Federal, State, and Loc
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Table 3-31: Summary of Transportati
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Table 3-33: Transportation Revenues
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Table 3-35: Transportation Expendit
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Table 3-37: Federal Transportation
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Chapter 4Transportation, Energy,and
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Table 4-2: U.S. Consumption of Ener
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Section BTransportation EnergyConsu
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Table 4-5: Fuel Consumption by Mode
Page 250 and 251:
Table 4-7: Domestic Demand for Gaso
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Table 4-9: Motor Vehicle Fuel Consu
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Table 4-11: Light Duty Vehicle, Sho
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Table 4-13: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Ti
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Table 4-15: Bus Fuel Consumption an
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Table 4-17: Class I Rail Freight Fu
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Table 4-19: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-20: Energy Intensity of Pas
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Table 4-22: Energy Intensity of Lig
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Table 4-24: Energy Intensity of Tra
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Table 4-26: Energy Intensity of Amt
Page 273 and 274: Table 4-28: Annual Wasted Fuel Due
Page 275 and 276: Table 4-29: Annual Wasted Fuel Per
Page 278: Section DAir Pollution
Page 281 and 282: Table 4-31: Federal Exhaust Emissio
Page 283 and 284: 1968-Table 4-33: Federal Exhaust Em
Page 287 and 288: KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC = hyd
Page 291 and 292: KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; g = gram
Page 293 and 294: KEY: bhp = brake horsepower; bhph =
Page 295 and 296: Table 4-42: Tier 2 Federal Exhaust
Page 297 and 298: Table 4-44: Estimated National Aver
Page 299 and 300: Table 4-46: Estimated National Emis
Page 305 and 306: Monmouth-Ocean, NJ 5 21 4 41 34 31
Page 307 and 308: Table 4-52: Areas in Nonattainment
Page 310: Section EWater Pollution, Noise,and
Page 313 and 314: Table 4-55: Leaking Underground Sto
Page 315 and 316: Table 4-57: Number of People Residi
Page 318: appendix aMetric ConversionTables
Page 321 and 322: Table 1-4M: Kilometers of Public Ro
Page 323: Table 1-35M: U.S. Vehicle-Kilometer
Page 327 and 328: a Includes freight, express, and ma
Page 329 and 330: Table 1-56M: U.S. Waterborne Freigh
Page 331 and 332: Table 4-3M: Domestic Demand for Ref
Page 333 and 334: Table 4-6M: Energy Consumption by M
Page 335 and 336: Table 4-8M: Certificated Air Carrie
Page 337 and 338: Table 4-11M: Light Duty Vehicle, Sh
Page 339 and 340: Table 4-13M: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-T
Page 341 and 342: Table 4-15M: Bus Fuel Consumption a
Page 343 and 344: Table 4-17M: Class I Rail Freight F
Page 345 and 346: Table 4-19M: U.S. Government Energy
Page 347 and 348: Table 4-21M: Energy Intensity of Ce
Page 349 and 350: Table 4-23M: Average Fuel Efficienc
Page 351 and 352: Table 4-25M: Energy Intensity of Cl
Page 353 and 354: Appendix B: GlossaryAIR CARRIER: A
Page 355 and 356: Appendix B: GlossaryCOLLISION WITH
Page 357 and 358: Appendix B: GlossaryFEDERAL ENERGY
Page 359 and 360: Appendix B: GlossaryINJURY (Rail):
Page 361 and 362: Appendix B: GlossaryMOTOR BUS (Tran
Page 363 and 364: Appendix B: GlossaryPERSONAL BUSINE
Page 365 and 366: Appendix B: GlossarySUBCOMPACT CAR:
Page 367 and 368: appendix cAcronyms and InitialismsA
Page 370: appendix dModal Profiles
Page 373 and 374: Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
Page 375 and 376:
Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
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Highway ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
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General Aviation ProfileINVENTORY 1
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Motorcycle f f f f 50 50 50 50 50 5
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KEY: R = revised; U = data are unav
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Transit ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
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161960-2006: Fatalities and Injured
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SAFETY d,9Number of fatalities, rai
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SAFETYFatalities in waterborne tran
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Natural Gas Pipeline ProfileFINANCI
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appendix eSource andAccuracy Statem
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
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Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
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after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
Page 408 and 409:
adherence to federal guidelines reg
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year. Also, expansion factors are u
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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
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The data are from Waterborne Commer
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The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
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A second data source for air-carrie
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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when data are entered, they are che
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vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
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TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
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BEA personal consumption expenditur
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Transportation-related government p
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information on their data collectio
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AccuracyAs in all surveys, the accu
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The American Public Transit Associa
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Government EmploymentThe Office of
Page 440 and 441:
specifications or equations, should
Page 442 and 443:
As mentioned above, the Highway Rev
Page 444 and 445:
Highway ExpendituresFederal Highway
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consistency between the different m
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Page 450 and 451:
when data are entered, they are che
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vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
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TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
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Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
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after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
Page 466 and 467:
adherence to federal guidelines reg
Page 468 and 469:
year. Also, expansion factors are u
Page 470 and 471:
PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
Page 472 and 473:
The data are from Waterborne Commer
Page 474 and 475:
The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
Page 476 and 477:
A second data source for air-carrie
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Page 480 and 481:
If transportation had been reviewed
Page 482 and 483:
Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
Page 488 and 489:
In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to
Page 492 and 493:
Page 494 and 495:
If transportation had been reviewed
Page 496 and 497:
Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to
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Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

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