Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

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Appendix B: GlossaryOPERATING REVENUES (Air): Revenues fromthe performance of air transportation and relatedincidental services. Includes l) Transportation revenuesfrom the carriage of all classes of traffic inscheduled and nonscheduled services, and 2) Nontransportationrevenues consisting of federal subsidies(where applicable) and services related toair transportation.OTHER FREEWAYS AND EXPRESSWAYS(Highway): All urban principal arterials with limitedaccess but not part of the Interstate system.OTHER PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL (Highway):Major streets or highways, many of multilane orfreeway design, serving high-volume traffic corridormovements that connect major generators oftravel.OTHER RAIL REVENUE: This includes revenuesfrom miscellaneous operations (i.e., diningandbar-car services), income from lease of roadand equipment, miscellaneous rental income,income from nonoperating property, profit fromseparately operated properties, dividend income,interest income, income from sinking and otherreserve funds, release or premium on funded debt,contributions from other companies, and othermiscellaneous income.OTHER REVENUE VEHICLES (Transit): Otherrevenue-generating modes of transit service, suchas cable cars, personal rapid transit systems,monorail vehicles, inclined railway cars, etc., notcovered otherwise.OTHER 2-AXLE 4-TIRE VEHICLES (Truck):Includes vans, pickup trucks, and sport utilityvehicles.OTHER WORK (General Aviation): Con-structionwork (not Federal Aviation Regulations, Part135), helicopter hoist, parachuting, aerial advertising,and towing gliders.OXYGENATES: Any substance that when addedto motor gasoline increases the amount of oxygenin that gasoline blend. Includes oxygen-bearingcompounds such as ethanol, methanol, andmethyl tertiary butyl ether. Oxygenated fuel tendsto give a more complete combustion of carboninto carbon dioxide (rather than monoxide),thereby reducing air pollution from exhaustemissions.PASSENGER CAR: A motor vehicle designed primarilyfor carrying passengers on ordinary roads,includes convertibles, sedans, and stations wagons.PASSENGER-MILE: 1) Air: One passenger transported1 mile; passenger-miles for one interairportflight are calculated by multiplying aircraft milesflow by the number of passengers carried on theflight. The total passenger-miles for all flights isthe sum of passenger-miles for all interairportflights. 2) Auto: One passenger traveling 1 mile;e.g., one car transporting two passengers 4 milesresults in eight passenger-miles. 3) Transit: Thetotal number of miles traveled by transit passengers;e.g., one bus transporting five passengers 3miles results in 15 passenger-miles.PASSENGER REVENUE: 1) Rail: Revenue fromthe sale of tickets. 2) Air: Revenues from thetransport of passengers by air. 3) Transit: Fares,transfer, zone, and park-and-ride parking chargespaid by transit passengers. Prior to 1984, fare revenuescollected by contractors operating transitservices are not included.PASSENGER VESSELS: A vessel designed for thecommercial transport of passengers.PEDALCYCLIST: A person on a vehicle that ispowered solely by pedals.PEDESTRIAN: Any person not in or on a motorvehicle or other vehicle. Excludes people in buildingsor sitting at a sidewalk cafe. The NationalHighway Traffic Safety Administration also usesan “other pedestrian” category to refer to pedestriansusing conveyances and people in buildings.Examples of pedestrian conveyances includeskateboards, nonmotorized wheelchairs, rollerskates,sleds, and transport devices used asequipment.PERSON-MILES (American Travel Survey): Anestimate of the aggregate distances traveled by allpersons on a given trip based on the estimatedtransportation-network-miles traveled on thattrip.PERSON TRIP (American Travel Survey): A triptaken by an individual. For example, if three personsfrom the same household travel together, thetrip is counted as one household trip and threeperson trips.
Appendix B: GlossaryPERSONAL BUSINESS TRIP (American TravelSurvey): A trip taken for a school-related activityor for personal or family business, including weddingsand funerals.PERSONAL-USE VEHICLE TRIP (AmericanTravel Survey): A trip in which the principlemeans of transportation is a car, pickup truck, orvan; other truck; rental car, truck, or van; recreationalvehicle or motor home; or motorcycle ormoped.PLEASURE TRIP (American Travel Survey): Atrip taken to visit friends or relatives or forleisure.PERSONAL CASUALTY (Transit): 1) An incidentin which a person is hurt while getting on oroff a transit vehicle (e.g., falls or door incidents),but not as a result of a collision, derailment/leftroadway, or fire. 2) An incident in which a personis hurt while using a lift to get on or off a transitvehicle, but not as a result of a collision, derailment/leftroadway, or fire. 3) An incident in whicha person is injured on a transit vehicle, but not asa result of a collision, derailment/left roadway, orfire. 4) An incident in which a person is hurt whileusing a transit facility. This includes anyone ontransit property (e.g., patrons, transit employees,trespassers), but does not include incidents resultingfrom illness or criminal activity.PERSONAL WATERCRAFT: Craft less than 13feet in length designed to be operated by a personor persons sitting, standing, or kneeling on thecraft rather than within the confines of a hull.PETROLEUM (Oil): A generic term applied to oiland oil products in all forms, such as crude oil,lease condensate, unfinished oils, petroleum products,natural gas plant liquids, and nonhydrocarboncompounds blended into finished petroleumproducts.PROPERTY DAMAGE (Transit): The dollaramount required to repair or replace transit property(including stations, right of way, bus stops,and maintenance facilities) damaged during anincident.PUBLIC ROAD: Any road under the jurisdictionof and maintained by a public authority (federal,state, county, town, or township, local government,or instrumentality thereof) and open topublic travel.RAIL MOTOR CARS: Self-propelled passengerrail cars that are driven by electric motors energizedfrom an electrified roadway or by a generatordriven by a diesel or gas turbine engine.RAPID RAIL TRANSIT: Transit service using railcars driven by electricity usually drawn from athird rail, configured for passenger traffic, andusually operated on exclusive rights-of-way. Itgenerally uses longer trains and has longer stationspacing than light rail.REFORMULATED GASOLINE: Gasoline whosecomposition has been changed to meet performancespecifications regarding ozone-formingtendencies and release of toxic substances into theair from both evaporation and tailpipe emissions.Reformulated gasoline includes oxygenates and,compared with gasoline sold in 1990, has a lowercontent of olefins, aromatics, volatile components,and heavy hydrocarbons.RESIDUAL FUEL OIL: The heavier oils thatremain after the distillate fuel oils and lighterhydrocarbons are distilled away in refinery operationsand that conform to American Society forTesting and Materials (ASTM) SpecificationsD396 and 976. Includes, among others, NavySpecial oil used in steam-powered vessels in governmentservice and No. 6 oil used to powerships. Imports of residual fuel oil includeimported crude oil burned as fuel.RESPONSE ERROR: Error that results from thetendency of people to answer a question falsely,deliberate misrepresentation, unconscious falsification,or misunderstanding of what is required.REVENUE: Remuneration received by carriersfor transportation activities.REVENUE PASSENGER: 1) Air: Person receivingair transportation from an air carrier for whichremuneration is received by the carrier. Air carrieremployees or others, except ministers of religion,elderly individuals, and handicapped individuals,receiving reduced rate charges (less than the applicabletariff) are considered nonrevenue passengers.Infants, for whom a token fare is charged,are not counted as passengers. 2) Transit: Singlevehicletransit rides by initial-board (first-ride)transit passengers only. Excludes all transfer ridesand all nonrevenue rides. 3) Rail: Number of onewaytrips made by persons holding tickets.
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NationalTransportationStatistics
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AcknowledgmentsU.S. Department of T
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Table of ContentsINTRODUCTIONTable
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1-56 U.S. Waterborne Freight (Updat
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SECTION E. RAILROAD2-39 Railroad an
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3-35 Transportation Expenditures by
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4-51 Air Pollution Trends in Select
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IntroductionCompiled and published
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SOURCESU.S. resident population, ag
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Table 1-1: System Mileage Within th
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Table 1-3: Number of U.S. Airports
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Table 1-5: U.S. Public Road and Str
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Table 1-7: Number of Stations Serve
Page 33 and 34:
Table 1-9: ADA-Accessible Rail Tran
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Section BVehicle, Aircraft, andVess
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Table 1-12: U.S. Sales or Deliverie
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Table 1-14: U.S. Automobile and Tru
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Table 1-16: Retail a New Passenger
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Table 1-18: Retail Sales of New Car
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Table 1-20: Period Sales, Market Sh
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Table 1-22: Number of Trucks by Wei
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Taiwan U U U 116 132 124 101 113 11
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Section CCondition
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Table 1-26: Average Age of Automobi
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Table 1-28: Condition of U.S. Highw
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Table 1-30: Condition of Urban Bus
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Table 1-32: Class I Railroad Locomo
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Table 1-34: U.S. Flag Vessels by Ty
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Table 1-36: Roadway Vehicle-Miles T
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Table 1-38: Average Length of Haul,
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Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles (M
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Table 1-42: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-43: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-45: Air Passenger Travel Ar
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Section DTravel and GoodsMovement
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Table 1-48: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-50: U.S. Ton-Miles of Freig
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Table 1-52: U.S.-Canadian Border La
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Table 1-54: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-56: U.S. Waterborne Freight
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Table 1-58: Freight Activity in the
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Table 1-60: Value of U.S. Land Expo
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Table 1-61M: Crude Oil and Petroleu
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Table 1-63: U.S. Hazardous Material
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Table 1-64: Passengers Boarded and
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Table 1-66: Flight Operations Arriv
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Table 1-68: Major U.S. Air Carrier
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Table 1-69: Annual Person-Hours of
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Table 1-70: Travel Time IndexShort-
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Table 1-71: Annual Roadway Congesti
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Table 1-73: Amtrak On-Time Performa
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Table 2-1: Transportation Fatalitie
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Table 2-3: Transportation Accidents
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Table 2-5: Highway-Rail Grade-Cross
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Table 2-7: Transportation-Related O
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Section BAir
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Table 2-10: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-12: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-14: U.S. General Aviation a
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Table 2-16b: Prohibited Items Inter
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Section CHighway
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Table 2-18: Motor Vehicle Fatalitie
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Table 2-20: Occupant and Nonmotoris
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Table 2-22: Motorcycle Rider Safety
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Table 2-24: Bus Occupant Safety Dat
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Table 2-26: Fatalities by Highest B
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Table 2-28: Motor Vehicle Fatal Cra
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Table 2-30: Safety Belt and Motorcy
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Section DTransit
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Table 2-33: Transit Safety Data by
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d The number of Unlinked passenger
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Table 2-36: Transit and Grade-Cross
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Table 2-38: Reports of Violent Crim
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KEY: N = data do not exist.a The ki
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Table 2-39: Railroad and Grade-Cros
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Table 2-41: Train Fatalities, Injur
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Table 2-43: Railroad System Safety
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Section FWater
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Table 2-46: Waterborne Transportati
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Table 2-48: Personal Watercraft Saf
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Section GPipeline
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Chapter 3Transportation andthe Econ
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Table 3-2: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-4: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-6: U.S. Gross Domestic Dema
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Table 3-8: Contributions to Gross D
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Table 3-10: National Transportation
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Table 3-11: Sales Price of Transpor
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Table 3-13: Producer Price Indices
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Table 3-15: Personal Expenditures b
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Table 3-17: Average Cost of Owning
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Table 3-19: Average Passenger Fares
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Table 3-20: Average Passenger Reven
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Table 3-22: Total Operating Revenue
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Table 3-24: Employment in Transport
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Table 3-26: Median Weekly Earnings
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Table 3-28: Labor Productivity Indi
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Table 3-29: Federal, State, and Loc
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Table 3-31: Summary of Transportati
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Table 3-33: Transportation Revenues
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Table 3-35: Transportation Expendit
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Table 3-37: Federal Transportation
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Chapter 4Transportation, Energy,and
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Table 4-2: U.S. Consumption of Ener
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Section BTransportation EnergyConsu
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Table 4-5: Fuel Consumption by Mode
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Table 4-7: Domestic Demand for Gaso
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Table 4-9: Motor Vehicle Fuel Consu
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Table 4-11: Light Duty Vehicle, Sho
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Table 4-13: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Ti
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Table 4-15: Bus Fuel Consumption an
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Table 4-17: Class I Rail Freight Fu
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Table 4-19: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-20: Energy Intensity of Pas
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Table 4-22: Energy Intensity of Lig
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Table 4-24: Energy Intensity of Tra
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Table 4-26: Energy Intensity of Amt
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Table 4-28: Annual Wasted Fuel Due
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Table 4-29: Annual Wasted Fuel Per
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Section DAir Pollution
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Table 4-31: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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1968-Table 4-33: Federal Exhaust Em
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC = hyd
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; g = gram
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KEY: bhp = brake horsepower; bhph =
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Table 4-42: Tier 2 Federal Exhaust
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Table 4-44: Estimated National Aver
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Table 4-46: Estimated National Emis
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Monmouth-Ocean, NJ 5 21 4 41 34 31
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Table 4-52: Areas in Nonattainment
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Section EWater Pollution, Noise,and
Page 313 and 314: Table 4-55: Leaking Underground Sto
Page 315 and 316: Table 4-57: Number of People Residi
Page 318: appendix aMetric ConversionTables
Page 321 and 322: Table 1-4M: Kilometers of Public Ro
Page 323 and 324: Table 1-35M: U.S. Vehicle-Kilometer
Page 325 and 326: Table 1-38M: Average Length of Haul
Page 327 and 328: a Includes freight, express, and ma
Page 329 and 330: Table 1-56M: U.S. Waterborne Freigh
Page 331 and 332: Table 4-3M: Domestic Demand for Ref
Page 333 and 334: Table 4-6M: Energy Consumption by M
Page 335 and 336: Table 4-8M: Certificated Air Carrie
Page 337 and 338: Table 4-11M: Light Duty Vehicle, Sh
Page 339 and 340: Table 4-13M: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-T
Page 341 and 342: Table 4-15M: Bus Fuel Consumption a
Page 343 and 344: Table 4-17M: Class I Rail Freight F
Page 345 and 346: Table 4-19M: U.S. Government Energy
Page 347 and 348: Table 4-21M: Energy Intensity of Ce
Page 349 and 350: Table 4-23M: Average Fuel Efficienc
Page 351 and 352: Table 4-25M: Energy Intensity of Cl
Page 353 and 354: Appendix B: GlossaryAIR CARRIER: A
Page 355 and 356: Appendix B: GlossaryCOLLISION WITH
Page 357 and 358: Appendix B: GlossaryFEDERAL ENERGY
Page 359 and 360: Appendix B: GlossaryINJURY (Rail):
Page 361: Appendix B: GlossaryMOTOR BUS (Tran
Page 365 and 366: Appendix B: GlossarySUBCOMPACT CAR:
Page 367 and 368: appendix cAcronyms and InitialismsA
Page 370: appendix dModal Profiles
Page 373 and 374: Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
Page 375 and 376: Air Carrier Profile continuedPerfor
Page 377 and 378: Highway ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
Page 379 and 380: General Aviation ProfileINVENTORY 1
Page 381 and 382: Motorcycle f f f f 50 50 50 50 50 5
Page 383 and 384: KEY: R = revised; U = data are unav
Page 385 and 386: Transit ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
Page 387 and 388: 161960-2006: Fatalities and Injured
Page 389 and 390: SAFETY d,9Number of fatalities, rai
Page 391 and 392: SAFETYFatalities in waterborne tran
Page 393 and 394: Natural Gas Pipeline ProfileFINANCI
Page 395: appendix eSource andAccuracy Statem
Page 398 and 399: agencies receiving funds through th
Page 400 and 401: solicitations of all federally regu
Page 402 and 403: Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
Page 404 and 405: Highway, Total (registered vehicles
Page 406 and 407: after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
Page 408 and 409: adherence to federal guidelines reg
Page 410 and 411: year. Also, expansion factors are u
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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
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The data are from Waterborne Commer
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The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
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A second data source for air-carrie
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Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
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when data are entered, they are che
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vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
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TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
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BEA personal consumption expenditur
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Transportation-related government p
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information on their data collectio
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AccuracyAs in all surveys, the accu
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The American Public Transit Associa
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Government EmploymentThe Office of
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specifications or equations, should
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As mentioned above, the Highway Rev
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Highway ExpendituresFederal Highway
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consistency between the different m
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when data are entered, they are che
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vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
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TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
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Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
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Highway, Total (registered vehicles
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after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
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adherence to federal guidelines reg
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year. Also, expansion factors are u
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PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
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The data are from Waterborne Commer
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The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
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A second data source for air-carrie
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Page 480 and 481:
If transportation had been reviewed
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Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to
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Page 494 and 495:
If transportation had been reviewed
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Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
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RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
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In general, lead emissions are esti
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The number of the people exposed to
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Acknowledgments US Department of Transportation - BTS

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