Oil Pipeline Pr<strong>of</strong>ileFINANCIAL 1960 1970 1980 1990 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Operating revenues, total ($ millions) U U U (R) 7,149 7,281 (R) 7,711 (R) 7,321 (R) 7,215 (R) 6,890 (R) 7,220 (R) 7,483 (R) 7,730 (R) 7,812 (R) 7,704 (R) 8,020 7,917 8,517 8,996 9,244 9,987INVENTORYNumber <strong>of</strong> FERC-regulated companies 87 101 130 150 158 161 160 U U 184 U U U 195 195 197 U U 195 UNumber <strong>of</strong> employees, pipeline companies a 23,100 17,600 21,300 18,500 17,100 15,100 14,500 14,200 13,800 13,060 13,230 13,680 12,360 12,500 12,840 13,040 12,770 13,080 14,220 15,270Miles <strong>of</strong> pipeline (statute miles) b , all lines U U U 168,364 158,512 177,224 169,435 160,176 157,234 154,361 152,005 154,877 149,614 139,901 142,200 131,348 140,861 147,235 146,822 148,622Crude lines U U U 87,853 82,170 93,943 89,014 85,953 74,603 69,323 68,073 69,663 69,063 64,336 65,942 46,234 47,617 46,658 50,214 49,585Product lines U U U 80,511 76,342 83,281 80,421 74,223 82,631 85,038 83,932 85,214 80,551 75,565 76,258 71,310 81,103 85,666 84,914 87,788PERFORMANCEIntercity ton-miles, total (millions) U U U 584,100 591,400 601,100 619,200 616,500 619,800 617,700 577,300 576,100 586,200 590,200 599,600 607,500 581,300 557,700 629,900 UCrude oil U U U 334,800 322,600 335,900 338,300 337,400 334,100 321,100 283,400 277,000 286,600 284,500 283,700 293,500 300,500 266,600 330,700 UPetroleum products U U U 249,300 268,800 265,200 280,900 279,100 285,700 296,600 293,900 299,100 299,600 305,700 315,900 314,000 (R) 280,900 291,100 299,200 UTons transported (millions) U U U 1,598.9 U 1,798.5 U U U U 2,003.7 1,864.4 1,862.1 1,846.8 1,860.9 U U U U <strong>US</strong>AFETYFatalities N 4 4 3 1 3 5 0 2 4 1 0 1 0 5 2 0 4 2 4Injured persons c N 21 15 7 7 11 13 5 6 20 4 10 0 5 16 2 2 10 2 4Incidents d N 351 246 180 245 188 194 171 153 167 146 130 (R) 460 (R) 435 (R) 377 (R) 369 (R) 354 (R) 331 (R) 376 338KEY: FERC = Federal Energy Regulatory Commission; N = data do not exist; R = revised; U = data are unavailable.aIncludes companies whose pipelines carry crude petroleum, petroleum products, and nonpetroleum pipeline liquids.b Mileages <strong>of</strong> oil pipeline for years 1960-2000 include regulated and unregulated trunk and gathering crude lines, as well as refined oil trunk lines. Beginning in 2001, data includeinformation for FERC-regulated oil pipeline companies only. For years 2005 and after, total miles <strong>of</strong> pipeline include both trunk and gathering lines, whereas the individualcomponents, namely, crude and product lines, include the mileages <strong>of</strong> trunk lines only. Thus, details do not add to the total for this period.c Injured persons does not include the 1,851 injuries that required medical treatment, caused by severe flooding near Houston, Texas, reported for October, 1994.d The reporting criteria changed in 2002 adding small spills down to 5 gallons. The change was instituted on Feb. 7, 2002. For continuity with past trending, the data from post-2/7/2002 accidents used in the statistical summary includes only accidents meeting the reporting criteria: Accidents with gross loss greater than or equal to 50 barrels; thoseinvolving any fatality or injury; fire/explosion not intentionally set; Highly Volatile Liquid releases with gross loss <strong>of</strong> 5 or more barrels; or those involving total costs greater than orequal to $50,000.NOTESThe Interstate Commerce Committee regulated oil pipelines in the 1960s and 1970s.Data for Operating revenue are only for FERC-regulated oil pipeline.SOURCESFinancial:Operating revenues, total:PennWell Corporation, Oil and Gas Journal: <strong>Transportation</strong> Special Report (Houston, TX: September 2000 and November 2010 Issues), pp. 74 and 106.Inventory:Number <strong>of</strong> FERC-regulated companies:1960-96: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, personal communication.1999: Ibid., available at www.ferc.fed.us/oil/oil_list.htm as <strong>of</strong> June 21, 2001.2003: Ibid., available at www.ferc.gov/industries/oil/gen-info/reg-central.asp as <strong>of</strong> Aug. 26, 2004.2004: Ibid., available at www.ferc.gov/industries/oil/gen-info/reg-central.asp as <strong>of</strong> Mar. 16, 2005.2005: Ibid., available at www.ferc.gov/industries/oil/gen-info/reg-central.asp as <strong>of</strong> Oct. 27, 2006.2008: Ibid., available at www.ferc.gov/industries/oil/gen-info/reg-central.asp as <strong>of</strong> Mar. 09, 2010.Number <strong>of</strong> employees, pipeline companies:1960-80: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> Labor, Bureau <strong>of</strong> Labor Statistics, Employment, Hours and Earnings, United States, 1909-94 (Washington, DC: September 1994), SIC 46.1990-94: Ibid., Hours and Earnings, United States, 1988-1996 (Washington, DC: July 1996), SIC 46.1995-98: Ibid., SIC 46, available at www.bls.gov as <strong>of</strong> Apr. 19, 1999.1999-2001: Ibid., SIC 46, available at http://www.bls.gov/oes/oes_doc.htm, as <strong>of</strong> Feb. 22, 2010.2002-09: Ibid, Occupational Employment Statistics, NAICS 486100 and 486900, available at http://www.bls.gov/oes/oes_doc.htm, as <strong>of</strong> Aug. 11, 2011.Miles <strong>of</strong> pipeline (statute miles), all lines:1990-2004: Eno <strong>Transportation</strong> Foundation, Inc., <strong>Transportation</strong> In America 2007 (Washington, DC: 2007), p. 42.2005-09: PennWell Corporation, Oil and Gas Journal: <strong>Transportation</strong> Special Report (Houston, TX), p. 76 and similar table in earlier editions.Performance:Intercity ton-miles:Association <strong>of</strong> Oil Pipe Lines, Shifts in Petroleum <strong>Transportation</strong> (Washington, DC: January 2011), tables 1, 2 and 3, available at http://www.aopl.org/publications/ as <strong>of</strong> Aug. 12,2011.Tons transported:1990-2004: Eno <strong>Transportation</strong> Foundation, Inc., <strong>Transportation</strong> In America 2007 (Washington, DC: 2007), p. 60.Safety:1970 and 1980: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong>, Research and Special Programs Administration, Office <strong>of</strong> Pipeline Safety, personal communication.1990-2009: U.S. <strong>Department</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Transportation</strong>, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, Office <strong>of</strong> Pipeline Safety, Hazardous Liquid Pipeline Operators AccidentSummary Statistics (Annual Issues), available at http://ops.dot.gov/stats/lq_sum.htm as <strong>of</strong> Aug. 12, 2011.
Natural Gas Pipeline Pr<strong>of</strong>ileFINANCIAL ($ millions) 1960 1970 1980 1990 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Transmission pipeline companies 1Total operating revenues 3,190 5,928 41,604 21,756 13,841 12,092 12,050 10,339 9,450 9,555 10,404 10,257 10,096 10,892 11,313 16,547 15,364 15,846 18,186 13,127Total operating expenses a 2,698 5,088 39,709 19,484 11,333 9,534 9,603 7,862 6,875 6,897 7,856 7,296 7,369 7,822 8,284 10,336 10,783 11,016 12,904 9,091Operation and maintenance 2,095 4,203 36,480 17,058 8,389 6,680 6,802 5,381 4,260 4,148 5,172 4,198 4,294 4,341 4,503 6,624 6,027 5,982 7,231 4,698Operation expenses 2,031 4,094 36,075 16,429 7,811 6,121 6,314 4,975 3,909 3,823 4,880 3,850 3,971 3,997 4,130 6,077 5,495 5,412 6,529 4,166Maintenance expenses 64 109 405 629 578 558 488 406 351 325 292 347 322 344 373 548 532 570 702 532Taxes (federal, state, local) 319 376 1,991 1,245 1,757 1,582 1,643 1,531 1,560 1,645 1,570 1,859 1,773 2,088 2,302 2,861 2,849 3,043 3,437 2,646Federal taxes b 223 202 1,327 768 1,172 1,048 1,085 1,076 1,035 1,109 1,029 1,249 1,243 1,603 1,701 2,048 1,966 2,082 2,411 1,866State and local taxes 96 174 664 477 585 534 558 455 525 536 541 610 530 485 601 813 883 961 1,026 780Distribution pipeline companies 2Total operating revenues N N 14,013 18,750 20,911 19,421 30,407 30,864 28,182 28,135 34,696 39,179 31,210 38,199 40,410 51,022 48,942 (R) 46,064 56,092 44,937Total operating expenses a N N 13,263 17,125 19,025 17,402 27,917 27,445 25,668 24,564 32,103 36,450 28,266 35,113 37,330 46,811 45,868 42,697 52,155 40,302Operation and maintenance N N 11,791 14,544 15,868 14,170 23,301 23,155 21,396 20,226 27,093 31,486 23,655 29,994 32,149 42,000 40,154 37,173 46,148 34,371Operation expenses N N 11,539 14,020 15,279 13,575 22,433 22,388 20,710 18,270 26,271 30,776 22,902 29,236 31,355 41,114 39,261 36,283 45,075 33,372Maintenance expenses N N 252 524 589 596 868 767 687 1,956 821 710 753 757 794 886 893 890 1,073 999Taxes (federal, state, local) N N 1,136 1,625 1,931 1,888 2,668 2,415 2,524 2,355 2,916 2,908 2,437 2,914 2,901 3,231 3,188 3,052 3,273 3,210Federal taxes b N N 351 580 703 720 1,041 849 1,250 883 1,033 1,216 891 1,108 1,096 1,071 1,053 1,172 1,215 1,231State and local taxes N N 785 1,045 1,228 1,168 1,627 1,566 1,274 1,472 1,883 1,692 1,546 1,806 1,805 2,160 2,135 1,880 2,058 1,979Investor-owned, total industry c, 3Total operating revenues N N 85,918 66,027 63,446 58,435 63,600 62,660 57,548 59,142 72,075 79,276 68,594 75,567 80,331 102,061 97,197 (R) 97,236 109,600 87,457Total operating expenses a N N 81,789 60,137 56,789 50,594 56,695 55,422 51,075 51,331 64,961 71,011 59,839 66,623 71,699 89,315 86,992 85,143 97,666 76,163Operation and maintenance N N 74,508 51,628 45,953 40,041 45,785 44,851 41,360 41,415 54,630 58,908 48,675 55,067 59,952 77,624 73,494 71,043 82,428 61,894Operation expenses N N 73,288 49,718 43,879 37,998 43,742 43,258 39,971 38,752 53,138 57,184 47,037 53,477 58,277 75,633 71,465 69,012 80,042 59,567Maintenance expenses N N 1,220 1,910 2,074 2,043 2,043 1,593 1,390 2,664 1,492 1,722 1,637 1,590 1,675 1,991 2,027 2,031 2,387 2,328Taxes (federal, state, local) N N 4,847 4,957 6,603 5,981 6,362 6,384 5,293 5,605 6,106 7,201 5,870 6,493 6,420 7,454 7,292 7,861 8,432 7,780Federal taxes b N N 2,327 2,038 3,112 2,511 2,932 3,066 2,631 2,626 2,690 3,133 2,624 3,315 3,188 3,676 3,431 3,840 4,405 4,045State and local taxes N N 2,520 2,919 3,491 3,470 3,430 3,318 2,662 2,979 3,416 4,068 3,246 3,178 3,232 3,778 3,861 4,021 4,027 3,735INVENTORYPipeline mileage, total 4 630,950 913,267 1,051,774 1,270,374 1,335,530 1,331,676 1,314,663 1,331,775 1,372,644 1,364,336 1,377,320 1,413,555 (R) 1,462,585 (R) 1,432,209 (R) 1,484,945 (R) 1,484,552 (R) 1,504,318 (R) 1,523,943 1,533,239 1,544,759Transmission 183,700 252,200 266,500 291,990 301,545 296,947 292,186 294,370 302,714 296,114 298,957 290,456 (R) 303,330 (R) 301,616 (R) 303,005 (R) 300,452 (R) 300,338 (R) 301,066 303,282 304,406Distribution 391,400 594,800 701,800 945,964 1,002,669 1,003,798 992,860 1,002,942 1,040,765 1,035,946 1,050,802 1,101,485 1,136,479 1,107,559 (R) 1,156,989 (R) 1,160,484 (R) 1,183,277 (R) 1,202,893 1,209,358 1,219,801Field and gathering 55,800 66,300 83,500 32,420 31,316 30,931 29,617 34,463 29,165 32,276 27,561 21,614 (R) 22,776 (R) 23,034 (R) 24,951 (R) 23,616 (R) 20,703 (R) 19,984 20,599 20,552Number <strong>of</strong> employees 5Gas utility industry totals 206,400 211,700 215,400 204,200 187,200 179,000 179,000 154,600 154,200 143,600 135,600 135,000 140,000 129,000 130,000 131,000 124,000 118,000 122,000 121,000Investor-owned companies d , total N N 202,700 192,100 175,700 168,900 163,400 145,400 142,400 133,100 125,100 123,000 123,000 114,000 111,000 119,000 111,000 106,000 111,000 110,000Transmission pipeline companies 31,400 32,400 45,200 37,400 31,000 28,000 32,300 27,500 28,400 29,400 26,400 26,000 26,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000Distribution pipeline companies N N 52,100 64,700 62,400 61,600 79,700 75,000 71,300 71,400 69,500 53,000 55,000 51,000 51,000 51,000 51,000 47,000 53,000 52,000Integrated pipeline companies N N 53,200 39,900 39,400 36,400 12,700 12,300 12,000 6,200 6,000 5,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 3,000 3,000Combination pipeline companies N N 52,200 50,100 42,900 42,900 38,700 30,600 30,700 26,100 23,200 39,000 36,000 33,000 31,000 39,000 31,000 30,000 30,000 30,000Number <strong>of</strong> interstate natural gaspipeline companies e, 6 87 89 91 132 79 92 84 101 97 108 107 106 109 107 114 114 117 125 130 139PERFORMANCE (million cubic ft.) 7Marketed production, total 12,771,038 21,920,642 20,179,724 18,593,792 19,709,525 19,506,474 19,812,241 19,866,093 19,961,348 19,804,848 20,197,511 20,570,295 19,884,780 19,974,360 19,517,491 18,927,095 19,409,674 20,196,346 21,112,053 21,604,158Delivered to consumers, total 10,382,681 19,018,462 18,216,233 16,818,882 18,898,635 19,660,161 20,005,508 20,782,693 20,437,798 20,680,843 21,539,964 20,495,108 21,227,015 20,562,727 20,724,883 20,315,054 19,958,451 21,249,389 21,400,397 20,965,704Consumed, total 11,966,537 21,139,386 19,877,293 19,173,556 21,247,098 22,206,889 22,609,080 22,737,342 22,245,956 22,405,151 23,333,121 22,238,624 23,007,017 22,276,502 22,388,975 22,010,596 21,684,641 23,097,140 23,268,056 22,839,158Gas used as a pipeline fuel, total 347,075 722,166 634,622 659,816 685,362 700,335 711,446 751,470 635,477 645,319 642,210 624,964 666,920 591,492 566,187 584,026 584,213 621,364 647,956 598,216SAFETY 8Fatalities N 26 15 6 21 18 48 10 19 18 37 7 (R) 11 12 18 12 21 11 7 9Injured persons N 233 177 69 113 53 114 72 75 88 77 51 49 66 44 46 34 43 58 63Incidents N 1,077 1,524 199 222 161 187 175 236 172 234 211 (R) 184 238 (R) 297 352 287 285 289 287
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NationalTransportationStatistics
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AcknowledgmentsU.S. Department of T
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Table of ContentsINTRODUCTIONTable
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1-56 U.S. Waterborne Freight (Updat
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SECTION E. RAILROAD2-39 Railroad an
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3-35 Transportation Expenditures by
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4-51 Air Pollution Trends in Select
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IntroductionCompiled and published
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SOURCESU.S. resident population, ag
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Table 1-1: System Mileage Within th
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Table 1-3: Number of U.S. Airports
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Table 1-5: U.S. Public Road and Str
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Table 1-7: Number of Stations Serve
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Table 1-9: ADA-Accessible Rail Tran
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Section BVehicle, Aircraft, andVess
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Table 1-12: U.S. Sales or Deliverie
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Table 1-14: U.S. Automobile and Tru
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Table 1-16: Retail a New Passenger
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Table 1-18: Retail Sales of New Car
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Table 1-20: Period Sales, Market Sh
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Table 1-22: Number of Trucks by Wei
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Taiwan U U U 116 132 124 101 113 11
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Section CCondition
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Table 1-26: Average Age of Automobi
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Table 1-28: Condition of U.S. Highw
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Table 1-30: Condition of Urban Bus
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Table 1-32: Class I Railroad Locomo
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Table 1-34: U.S. Flag Vessels by Ty
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Table 1-36: Roadway Vehicle-Miles T
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Table 1-38: Average Length of Haul,
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Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles (M
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Table 1-42: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-43: Long-Distance Travel in
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Table 1-45: Air Passenger Travel Ar
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Section DTravel and GoodsMovement
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Table 1-48: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-50: U.S. Ton-Miles of Freig
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Table 1-52: U.S.-Canadian Border La
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Table 1-54: U.S.-Mexican Border Lan
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Table 1-56: U.S. Waterborne Freight
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Table 1-58: Freight Activity in the
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Table 1-60: Value of U.S. Land Expo
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Table 1-61M: Crude Oil and Petroleu
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Table 1-63: U.S. Hazardous Material
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Table 1-64: Passengers Boarded and
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Table 1-66: Flight Operations Arriv
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Table 1-68: Major U.S. Air Carrier
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Table 1-69: Annual Person-Hours of
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Table 1-70: Travel Time IndexShort-
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Table 1-71: Annual Roadway Congesti
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Table 1-73: Amtrak On-Time Performa
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Table 2-1: Transportation Fatalitie
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Table 2-3: Transportation Accidents
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Table 2-5: Highway-Rail Grade-Cross
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Table 2-7: Transportation-Related O
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Section BAir
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Table 2-10: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-12: U.S. Commuter Air Carri
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Table 2-14: U.S. General Aviation a
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Table 2-16b: Prohibited Items Inter
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Section CHighway
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Table 2-18: Motor Vehicle Fatalitie
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Table 2-20: Occupant and Nonmotoris
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Table 2-22: Motorcycle Rider Safety
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Table 2-24: Bus Occupant Safety Dat
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Table 2-26: Fatalities by Highest B
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Table 2-28: Motor Vehicle Fatal Cra
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Table 2-30: Safety Belt and Motorcy
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Section DTransit
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Table 2-33: Transit Safety Data by
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d The number of Unlinked passenger
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Table 2-36: Transit and Grade-Cross
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Table 2-38: Reports of Violent Crim
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KEY: N = data do not exist.a The ki
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Table 2-39: Railroad and Grade-Cros
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Table 2-41: Train Fatalities, Injur
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Table 2-43: Railroad System Safety
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Section FWater
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Table 2-46: Waterborne Transportati
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Table 2-48: Personal Watercraft Saf
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Section GPipeline
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Chapter 3Transportation andthe Econ
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Table 3-2: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-4: U.S. Gross Domestic Prod
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Table 3-6: U.S. Gross Domestic Dema
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Table 3-8: Contributions to Gross D
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Table 3-10: National Transportation
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Table 3-11: Sales Price of Transpor
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Table 3-13: Producer Price Indices
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Table 3-15: Personal Expenditures b
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Table 3-17: Average Cost of Owning
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Table 3-19: Average Passenger Fares
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Table 3-20: Average Passenger Reven
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Table 3-22: Total Operating Revenue
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Table 3-24: Employment in Transport
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Table 3-26: Median Weekly Earnings
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Table 3-28: Labor Productivity Indi
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Table 3-29: Federal, State, and Loc
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Table 3-31: Summary of Transportati
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Table 3-33: Transportation Revenues
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Table 3-35: Transportation Expendit
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Table 3-37: Federal Transportation
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Chapter 4Transportation, Energy,and
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Table 4-2: U.S. Consumption of Ener
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Section BTransportation EnergyConsu
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Table 4-5: Fuel Consumption by Mode
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Table 4-7: Domestic Demand for Gaso
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Table 4-9: Motor Vehicle Fuel Consu
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Table 4-11: Light Duty Vehicle, Sho
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Table 4-13: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Ti
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Table 4-15: Bus Fuel Consumption an
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Table 4-17: Class I Rail Freight Fu
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Table 4-19: U.S. Government Energy
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Table 4-20: Energy Intensity of Pas
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Table 4-22: Energy Intensity of Lig
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Table 4-24: Energy Intensity of Tra
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Table 4-26: Energy Intensity of Amt
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Table 4-28: Annual Wasted Fuel Due
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Table 4-29: Annual Wasted Fuel Per
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Section DAir Pollution
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Table 4-31: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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1968-Table 4-33: Federal Exhaust Em
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Table 4-35: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC = hyd
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Table 4-38: Federal Exhaust Emissio
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KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; g = gram
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KEY: bhp = brake horsepower; bhph =
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Table 4-42: Tier 2 Federal Exhaust
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Table 4-44: Estimated National Aver
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Table 4-46: Estimated National Emis
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Table 4-48: Estimated National Emis
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Table 4-50: Estimated National Emis
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Monmouth-Ocean, NJ 5 21 4 41 34 31
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Table 4-52: Areas in Nonattainment
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Section EWater Pollution, Noise,and
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Table 4-55: Leaking Underground Sto
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Table 4-57: Number of People Residi
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appendix aMetric ConversionTables
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Table 1-4M: Kilometers of Public Ro
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Table 1-35M: U.S. Vehicle-Kilometer
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Table 1-38M: Average Length of Haul
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a Includes freight, express, and ma
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Table 1-56M: U.S. Waterborne Freigh
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Table 4-3M: Domestic Demand for Ref
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Table 4-6M: Energy Consumption by M
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Table 4-8M: Certificated Air Carrie
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Table 4-11M: Light Duty Vehicle, Sh
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Table 4-13M: Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-T
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- Page 385 and 386: Transit ProfileFINANCIAL 1960 1970
- Page 387 and 388: 161960-2006: Fatalities and Injured
- Page 389 and 390: SAFETY d,9Number of fatalities, rai
- Page 391: SAFETYFatalities in waterborne tran
- Page 395: appendix eSource andAccuracy Statem
- Page 398 and 399: agencies receiving funds through th
- Page 400 and 401: solicitations of all federally regu
- Page 402 and 403: Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
- Page 404 and 405: Highway, Total (registered vehicles
- Page 406 and 407: after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
- Page 408 and 409: adherence to federal guidelines reg
- Page 410 and 411: year. Also, expansion factors are u
- Page 412 and 413: PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
- Page 414 and 415: The data are from Waterborne Commer
- Page 416 and 417: The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
- Page 418 and 419: A second data source for air-carrie
- Page 420 and 421: Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
- Page 422 and 423: when data are entered, they are che
- Page 424 and 425: vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
- Page 426 and 427: TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
- Page 428 and 429: BEA personal consumption expenditur
- Page 430 and 431: Transportation-related government p
- Page 432 and 433: information on their data collectio
- Page 434 and 435: AccuracyAs in all surveys, the accu
- Page 436 and 437: The American Public Transit Associa
- Page 438 and 439: Government EmploymentThe Office of
- Page 440 and 441: specifications or equations, should
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As mentioned above, the Highway Rev
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Highway ExpendituresFederal Highway
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consistency between the different m
- Page 448 and 449:
Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
- Page 450 and 451:
when data are entered, they are che
- Page 452 and 453:
vehicles, and 15 were deleted becau
- Page 454 and 455:
TABLE 2-4. Distribution of Transpor
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agencies receiving funds through th
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solicitations of all federally regu
- Page 460 and 461:
Passenger Car, Truck, Bus, and Recr
- Page 462 and 463:
Highway, Total (registered vehicles
- Page 464 and 465:
after 1996. Some jurisdictions fail
- Page 466 and 467:
adherence to federal guidelines reg
- Page 468 and 469:
year. Also, expansion factors are u
- Page 470 and 471:
PassengerAir CarrierThe U.S. Depart
- Page 472 and 473:
The data are from Waterborne Commer
- Page 474 and 475:
The Transborder Surface Freight Dat
- Page 476 and 477:
A second data source for air-carrie
- Page 478 and 479:
Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
- Page 480 and 481:
If transportation had been reviewed
- Page 482 and 483:
Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
- Page 484 and 485:
RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
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multiplied by the average peak peri
- Page 488 and 489:
In general, lead emissions are esti
- Page 490 and 491:
The number of the people exposed to
- Page 492 and 493:
Appendix EData Source and Accuracy
- Page 494 and 495:
If transportation had been reviewed
- Page 496 and 497:
Alternative FuelsIn addition to oxy
- Page 498 and 499:
RailThe data are from Railroad Fact
- Page 500 and 501:
multiplied by the average peak peri
- Page 502 and 503:
In general, lead emissions are esti
- Page 504 and 505:
The number of the people exposed to