02.11.2012 Views

Reduction and Elimination in Philosophy and the Sciences

Reduction and Elimination in Philosophy and the Sciences

Reduction and Elimination in Philosophy and the Sciences

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

In conclusion, Qu<strong>in</strong>e has two reduction methods for mean<strong>in</strong>gs.<br />

The first, <strong>in</strong>terpret<strong>in</strong>g empirical mean<strong>in</strong>g as stimulus<br />

mean<strong>in</strong>g has limited applicability. In <strong>the</strong> second method,<br />

mean<strong>in</strong>gs are regarded as sets of synonymous expressions,<br />

whereby synonymy is characterised through analyticity,<br />

which is <strong>in</strong> a behaviourist way expla<strong>in</strong>ed as true as a<br />

result of learn<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> language. This could be expla<strong>in</strong>ed as<br />

result<strong>in</strong>g from socially imposed semantical rules, but Qu<strong>in</strong>e<br />

refra<strong>in</strong>s from tak<strong>in</strong>g this last step. It is as if only his aversion<br />

of transform<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> natural language prevents him<br />

from tak<strong>in</strong>g it.<br />

66<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>e on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Reduction</strong> of Mean<strong>in</strong>gs — Lieven Decock<br />

Literature<br />

Bergström, L. <strong>and</strong> Føllesdal, D. 1994 “Interview with Willard Van<br />

Orman Qu<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong> November 1993” Theoria 40, 193-206.<br />

Carnap, R. 1936 “Testability <strong>and</strong> Mean<strong>in</strong>g” <strong>Philosophy</strong> of Science<br />

3, 419-471; 4, 1-40.<br />

Decock, L. 2002 Trad<strong>in</strong>g Ontology for Ideology, Dordrecht: Kluwer.<br />

Goodman, N. <strong>and</strong> Qu<strong>in</strong>e, W.V. 1947 “Steps toward a Constructive<br />

Nom<strong>in</strong>alism” Journal of Symbolic Logic 12, 105-122.<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>e, W.V.O. 1936 “A Theory of Classes Presuppos<strong>in</strong>g No Canons<br />

of Type” PNAS 40, 320-326.<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>e, W.V.O. 1953 From a Logical Po<strong>in</strong>t of View, Cambridge MA:<br />

Harvard.<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>e, W.V.O. 1960 Word <strong>and</strong> Object, Cambridge MA: MIT Press.<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>e, W.V.O. 1974 The Roots of Reference, La Salle: Open<br />

Court.<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>e, W.V.O. 1976 The Ways of Paradox, Cambridge MA: Harvard.<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>e, W.V.O. 1979 “Cognitive Mean<strong>in</strong>g” Monist 62, 129-142.<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>e, W.V.O. 1981 Theories <strong>and</strong> Th<strong>in</strong>gs, Cambridge MA: Harvard.<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>e, W.V.O. 1992 Pursuit of Truth, Cambridge MA: Harvard.<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>e, W.V.O. 1995 From Stimulus to Science, Cambridge MA:<br />

Harvard.

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!