International Trade in Services.pdf - DSpace at Khazar University

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viii Contents 6.4 Chinese Construction Companies Dominate the Infrastructure Market in Africa 198 6.5 Enhancing Transparency: World Bank Guidelines on Notification and Advertising 199 6.6 Initiatives to Prevent Corruption in Construction Projects 201 6.7 Homegrown Champions Exporting Construction Services 208 7.1 Egypt as an Emerging Offshore Location for IT Services 224 7.2 The Value of Securing an Anchor Investor 227 7.3 Raising Internet Connectivity in Africa 233 7.4 NIIT: A Private Initiative to Train Personnel for IT Service Careers 236 8.1 The Four Modes of Supply of Accounting Services 266 8.2 Affiliations of Developing-Country Accounting Firms with the Big Four 268 8.3 Examples of Domestic Regulations That May Impede Trade in Accounting Services 271 8.4 Price Controls: Legitimate Policy Objectives and Adverse Effects 272 8.5 International Accounting and Auditing Standards 274 8.6 Reports on the Observance of Standards and Codes 277 8.7 An Example of a Regional Agreement on the Mutual Recognition of Qualifications 279 8.8 Investing in Education to Meet International Standards: The Case of Zambia 280 9.1 Definition of Engineering Services 294 9.2 The Four Modes of Supply of Engineering Services 298 9.3 An Example of Trade Success: Tunisian Engineering Firms 300 9.4 The Contribution of Regionalism to Integration in the Engineering Service Trade 308 9.5 Addressing the Fears Associated with Trade Opening: Accompanying Measures 309 9.6 Articulating Microstrategies and Macrostrategies 311 10.1 What Do Environmental Services Cover 320 10.2 Explaining the Growth Potential of Environmental Markets: The Environmental Market Development Model 325 10.3 Case Study: Trade in Environmental Services, Mexico, 2001–06 327 10.4 The Participation of Developing Countries in Environmental Services 328 10.5 Market Challenges Faced by Environmental Service Firms at Home 336 Figures 1.1 The Expanding Role of the Trade in Services in the World Economy, 1977–2007 3 1.2 Trade, by Region, 2007 4 1.3 Trade in Services, by Region, 2007 5
Contents ix 1.4 Worker Remittances Received, by Region, 2007 5 2.1 Provisions on Mode 4 in FTAs between Developed and Developing Countries 55 3.1 Exports of Legal Services from Selected Countries, 2001–07 79 4.1 Foreign Professionals Working in the Public Health Sector, Oman, 2003 105 4.2 Omani Patients Treated Abroad, 2006 106 4.3 Health: A Sector with Strong Potential for Outsourcing 114 4.4 A Definition of Medical Travel 116 4.5 Relative Size of Medical Traveler Segments 117 4.6 Mergers and Acquisitions in the Health and Social Services Sector 120 6.1 Construction Services: Mean Gross Value Added in GDP, 75 Countries 178 6.2 Construction Services: Market Share by Sector 179 6.3 Exports of Construction Services, Selected Economies 184 6.4 Commercial Presence of Large International Contractors in Foreign Markets 186 6.5 Number of Procedures Involved in Dealing with Construction Permits 189 6.6 Number of Days Required to Deal with Construction Permits 190 6.7 Cost of Dealing with Construction Permits 191 7.1 Offshoring International Insourcing International Outsourcing 221 7.2 A. T. Kearney’s Global Services Location Index 228 7.3 Indian IT Workers in the United Kingdom 238 8.1 The Rising Global Revenues of Accounting Firms 264 9.1 Top 500 Engineering Design Firms by Revenue and Type of Work, 2008 297 9.2 Comparative Student Enrollments in Engineering, Selected Countries 305 10.1 Position of World Regions or Countries in the Environmental Market Development Model, 2000 325 Tables 1.1 The Scope of Services Covered in the GATS 7 1.2 Modes of Supply and the GATS 8 1.3 Analytical Structure for the Description of Sectoral Barriers to a Service 24 1.4 Six Efficient Regulatory Principles and Related Good Regulatory Practices 26 2.1 The Magnitude of Service Trade through the Temporary Movement of Labor (Mode 4) 31
Page 1: Public Disclosure Authorized Public
Page 5 and 6: International Trade in Services New
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS About the Editors and Cont
Page 9: Contents vii Boxes 2.1 Extent of Te
Page 13: Contents xi 6.6 A Checklist of Ques
Page 16 and 17: xiv About the Editors and Contribut
Page 18 and 19: xvi Foreword Beyond describing the
Page 20 and 21: xviii Acknowledgments Finally, this
Page 23 and 24: 1 Assessing the Potential of Servic
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Page 53 and 54: Increasing Labor Mobility 31 unders
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Increasing Labor Mobility 39 must h
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Worker categories covered Specifica
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Provisions on professionals Annex o
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Increasing Labor Mobility 45 The EU
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Table 2.7. Agreements between Austr
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Specified quotas n.a. Entry subject
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Increasing Labor Mobility 55 Figure
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Increasing Labor Mobility 57 Bilate
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Increasing Labor Mobility 59 Jamaic
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Increasing Labor Mobility 61 factor
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Increasing Labor Mobility 63 indivi
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Increasing Labor Mobility 65 that a
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3 Legal Services: Does More Trade R
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Legal Services: Does More Trade Rhy
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Table 3.3. Trade in Legal Services:
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Table 3.8. Uruguay Round Commitment
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100 International Trade in Services
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Figure 6.6. Number of Days Required
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7 Exporting Information Technology
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Exporting Information Technology Se
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Table 7.1. Major Exporters and Impo
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Brunei Darussalam 48.2 2.9 2,954 66
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Honduras 6.0 — 4,081 10.1 3.3 —
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Norway 85.0 30.6 31,726 82.0 78.0 5
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Uganda 3.6 — 306 5.1 — 170.0 41
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8 Accounting Services: Ensuring Goo
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Accounting Services 265 exceeding 5
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Accounting Services 267 Links to la
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Accounting Services 269 The account
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Accounting Services 271 Box 8.3: Ex
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Accounting Services 273 service mar
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Accounting Services 275 Table 8.5.
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Accounting Services 277 Box 8.6: Re
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Accounting Services 279 Box 8.7: An
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Accounting Services 281 Table 8.6.
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Accounting Services 283 Restriction
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Accounting Services 285 Commercial
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Accounting Services 287 Colleges of
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Accounting Services 289 Administrat
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Accounting Services 291 IESBA (Inte
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350 Index Association of Certified
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352 Index Convention on Combating B
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354 Index Former Yugoslav Republic
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356 Index International Public Sect
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358 Index migrants. See labor mobil
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360 Index public-private partnershi
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362 Index Thailand construction ser
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ECO-AUDIT Environmental Benefits St
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