International Trade in Services.pdf - DSpace at Khazar University

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228 International Trade in Services Figure 7.2. A. T. Kearney’s Global Services Location Index India China Malaysia Thailand Brazil Indonesia Chile Philippines Bulgaria Mexico Singapore Slovak Republic Egypt, Arab Rep. Jordan Czech Republic Poland Vietnam United Arab Emirates United States Argentina Hungary Tunisia Ghana South Africa Jamaica Romania Costa Rica Canada Russian Federation Israel Germany Panama United Kingdom Spain New Zealand Australia Portugal France Turkey Ireland Source: A. T. Kearney (2007). 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 financial attractiveness people and skills availability business environment countries tend to have an advantage with regard to human capital and the business environment, while developing countries tend to rank high on local cost structures. China and India are the two developing countries that have high scores in human resources and in cost structures, and these two countries are most attractive overall according to A. T. Kearney’s methodology. But several other developing countries in different parts of the world have high aggregate scores. The focus hereafter is on some of the key initiatives that governments can undertake to remove common impediments in the international supply of IT services. These initiatives would not only benefit export-oriented IT service companies,
Exporting Information Technology Services: In the Footsteps of India 229 Table 7.2. A. T. Kearney’s Index Metrics ----- FINANCIAL ATTRACTIVENESS (40%) ----- (I) Compensation costs Average wages Median compensation costs (II) Infrastructure costs Rental costs Commercial electricity rates International telecom costs Travel to major customer destinations (III) Tax and regulatory costs Relative tax burden Corruption perception Currency appreciation or depreciation ----- PEOPLE SKILLS AND AVAILABILITY (30%) ----- (I) Remote services sector experience and quality ratings Size of existing IT and BPO sectors Contact center and IT center quality certifications Quality ratings of management schools and IT training (II) Labor force availability Total work force University-educated work force Work force flexibility (III) Education & language Scores on standardized education and language tests (IV) Attrition risk Relative IT and BPO sector growth and unemployment rates ----- BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT (30%) ----- (I) Country environment Investor and analyst ratings of overall business and political environment A.T. Kearney FDI Confidence Index Security risk Regulatory burden and employment rigidity Government support for the ICT sector (II) Infrastructure costs Overall infrastructure quality Quality of telecom, Internet, and electricity infrastructure (III) Cultural exposure Personal interaction score (A.T. Kearney Globalisation Index) (IV) Security & intellectual property Investor ratings of IP protection and ICT laws Software piracy rates Information security certifications Source: A. T. Kearney (2007). Note: BPO business process outsourcing; IP intellectual property; ICT information and communications technology.
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Public Disclosure Authorized Public
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International Trade in Services New
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CONTENTS About the Editors and Cont
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Contents vii Boxes 2.1 Extent of Te
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Contents ix 1.4 Worker Remittances
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Contents xi 6.6 A Checklist of Ques
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xiv About the Editors and Contribut
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xvi Foreword Beyond describing the
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xviii Acknowledgments Finally, this
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1 Assessing the Potential of Servic
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Assessing the Potential of Services
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2 Increasing Labor Mobility: Option
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Increasing Labor Mobility 31 unders
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Table 2.2. Quantitative Estimates o
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Borjas, George “Heaven’s Doors:
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Increasing Labor Mobility 37 contri
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Increasing Labor Mobility 39 must h
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Worker categories covered Specifica
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Provisions on professionals Annex o
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Increasing Labor Mobility 45 The EU
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Table 2.7. Agreements between Austr
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Specified quotas n.a. Entry subject
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Increasing Labor Mobility 55 Figure
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Increasing Labor Mobility 57 Bilate
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Increasing Labor Mobility 59 Jamaic
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Increasing Labor Mobility 61 factor
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Increasing Labor Mobility 63 indivi
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Increasing Labor Mobility 65 that a
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3 Legal Services: Does More Trade R
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Legal Services: Does More Trade Rhy
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Table 3.3. Trade in Legal Services:
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Table 3.8. Uruguay Round Commitment
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100 International Trade in Services
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Page 212 and 213: Figure 6.6. Number of Days Required
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Page 281 and 282: Uganda 3.6 — 306 5.1 — 170.0 41
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Accounting Services 279 Box 8.7: An
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Accounting Services 281 Table 8.6.
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Accounting Services 283 Restriction
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Accounting Services 285 Commercial
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Accounting Services 287 Colleges of
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Accounting Services 289 Administrat
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Accounting Services 291 IESBA (Inte
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350 Index Association of Certified
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352 Index Convention on Combating B
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354 Index Former Yugoslav Republic
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356 Index International Public Sect
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358 Index migrants. See labor mobil
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360 Index public-private partnershi
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362 Index Thailand construction ser
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ECO-AUDIT Environmental Benefits St
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