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xxivEnhancing Urban Safety and Security7.9 Disaster incidence and impacts in Africa (1996–2005) 1907.10 Disaster incidence and impacts in the Americas (1996–2005) 1907.11 Disaster incidence and impacts in Asia (1996–2005) 1917.12 Disaster incidence and impacts in Europe (1996–2005) 1927.13 Disaster incidence and impacts in Oceania (1996–2005) 1928.1 Local authority actions during disaster relief and reconstruction 2149.1 Traffic accident mortality rates by world region, 2002 2209.2 Motorization rates by Human Development Index (HDI) 2209.3 Economic costs of traffic accidents by world region, 1997 2219.4 Household impacts of serious traffic accident injury in Bangladesh 2219.5 Comparing national car ownership and mortality rates 22911.1 A framework for developing housing, land and property (HLP) rights-based housing and urban policies 276
LIST OF ACRONYMS ANDABBREVIATIONSACHRADBADPCAGFEAIDSASEANAU$AUDMPCBOCCTVCdn$CESCRCOHRECommittee, theCovenant, theCPICPTEDCSICSJPCSPDDMCDFIDDHSDMPDoEECOSOCEIAEM-DAT, CREDERLEUFAOFEMAFIAFIGG8GCBGDPGHIGISGNPGRSPGTZHDIHLP (rights)Asian Coalition for Housing RightsAsian Development BankAsian Disaster Preparedness CentreAdvisory Group on Forced Evictionsacquired immuno-deficiency syndromeAssociation of Southeast Asian NationsAustralian dollarsAsian Urban Disaster Mitigation Programmecommunity-based organizationclosed circuit television cameraCanadian dollarUnited Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (the ‘Committee’)Centre on Housing Rights and EvictionsUnited Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (unless explicitly stated otherwise)International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (unless explicitly stated otherwise)Corruption Perceptions Indexcrime prevention through environmental designCommunity Security Initiative (Jamaica)Citizens Security and Justice Programme (Jamaica)Community Safety Plan (Canada)Dominican Disaster Mitigation CommitteeDepartment for International Development (UK)Department of Homeland Security (US)Disaster Management Plan (Mumbai)UK Department of the EnvironmentEconomic and Social Council of the United Nationsenvironmental impact assessmentEmergency Events Database, Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (University of Louvain,Belgium)emergency recovery loanEuropean UnionUnited Nations Food and Agriculture OrganizationFederal Emergency Management Administration (US)Fédération Internationale de l’AutomobileInternational Federation of SurveyorsGroup of 8 industrialized nations: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the UK and the USGlobal Corruption Barometergross domestic productGeoHazards Internationalgeographic information systemsgross national productGlobal Road Safety PartnershipDeutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (German Development Agency)Human Development Indexhousing, land and property (rights)
Page 3: ENHANCING URBAN SAFETYAND SECURITY
Page 6 and 7: First published by Earthscan in the
Page 8 and 9: INTRODUCTIONEnhancing Urban Safety
Page 10 and 11: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe preparation of
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Page 22 and 23: LIST OF FIGURES, BOXES ANDTABLESFIG
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Page 38 and 39: 4Understanding Urban Safety and Sec
Page 41 and 42: 1CHAPTERCURRENT THREATS TO URBANSAF
Page 43 and 44: Current threats to urban safety and
Page 57 and 58: 2CHAPTERVULNERABILITY, RISK ANDRESI
Page 59 and 60: Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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46Urban crime and violenceBox II.1
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48Urban crime and violenceit has mu
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50Urban crime and violenceFormal an
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52Urban crime and violenceContact c
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54Urban crime and violencePer 100,0
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56Urban crime and violenceBurglary
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58Urban crime and violencePercentag
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60Urban crime and violenceFigure 3.
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62Urban crime and violenceTable 3.3
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64Urban crime and violenceYouth gan
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68Urban crime and violenceType of v
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70Urban crime and violenceFrom a pl
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72Urban crime and violenceOne viole
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74Urban crime and violenceHigh homi
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76Urban crime and violenceAbused ch
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78Urban crime and violenceGenerally
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82Urban crime and violenceporate cr
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4CHAPTERURBAN CRIME AND VIOLENCE:PO
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86Urban crime and violenceUN-Habita
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88Urban crime and violenceBox 4.2 T
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90Urban crime and violenceBox 4.4 T
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92Urban crime and violenceLegislati
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94Urban crime and violenceabove wha
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96Urban crime and violenceCampaigns
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98Urban crime and violenceAvailable
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100Urban crime and violenceBox 4.7
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102Urban crime and violenceIn some
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104Urban crime and violenceInitiati
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106Urban crime and violenceThe most
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108Urban crime and violenceVandersc
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112Security of tenureBox III.1 Secu
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5CHAPTERSECURITY OF TENURE:CONDITIO
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116Security of tenureTable 5.1A gen
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118Security of tenureFully legalDeg
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120Security of tenureBox 5.4 Securi
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122Security of tenureUrban tenurein
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124Security of tenureAt least 2 mil
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126Security of tenureMarket-basedev
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128Security of tenureBox 5.11 Urban
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130Security of tenureOperationMuram
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132Security of tenureControl of lan
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134Security of tenureBox 5.18 Secur
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136Security of tenureNOTES1 Habitat
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138Security of tenureBox 6.1 The Mi
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140Security of tenureIt would be fo
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142Security of tenureBox 6.7 Land t
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144Security of tenureBox 6.10 What
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146Security of tenureBox 6.12 Evict
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148Security of tenureBox 6.15 Const
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150Security of tenureBox 6.18 Viola
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152Security of tenureThe GlobalCamp
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154Security of tenureBox 6.24 Land-
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156Security of tenureThe state is o
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158Security of tenureHousing rights
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Over the last three decades, natura
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Introduction165One of the key trend
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7CHAPTERDISASTER RISK: CONDITIONS,T
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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8CHAPTERPOLICY RESPONSES TODISASTER
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Policy responses to disaster risk19
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220Natural and human-made disasters
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236Towards safer and more secure ci
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11CHAPTERENHANCING TENURE SECURITYA
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276Enhancing Urban Safety and Secur
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12CHAPTERMITIGATING THE IMPACTS OFD
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304Summary of case studiesSince its
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306Summary of case studies• The e
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308Summary of case studiestions wit
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310Summary of case studiesenvironme
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312Summary of case studiesothers. O
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314Summary of case studiespurposes.
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316Summary of case studiesThese eff
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318Summary of case studiesdevelopme
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320Summary of case studiestion exer
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322Summary of case studiesHousing r
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324Summary of case studiesProlonged
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326Summary of case studiesmomentum
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330Statistical annexIslands, Micron
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332Statistical annexNOMENCLATURE AN
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334Statistical annexPopulation, urb
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336Statistical annexSOURCES OF DATA
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410TABLE C.7continuedEnhancing Urba
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INDEXACHR (Asian Coalition for Hous
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Index435security of tenure 134confl
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Index437domestic abuse see intimate
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Index439hazard management 169hazard
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Index441Kosovo, security of tenure
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Index443participation 38, 296-299pa
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Index445individual 34-35municipal f
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Index447gun ownership 78Homeless Pe
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