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332Statistical annexNOMENCLATURE ANDORDER OF PRESENTATIONTables A.1 to A.5 contain regional, income and developmentaggregates data. Tables B.1 to B.13 and C.1 to C.7 containnational- and city-level data, respectively. In these tables, thecountries or areas are listed in English alphabetical orderwithin the macro-regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, LatinAmerica, Northern America and Oceania. Countries or areanames are presented in the form commonly used within theUnited Nations Secretariat for statistical purposes. Due tospace limitations, the short name is used – for example, theUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland isreferred to as ‘United Kingdom’.DEFINITION OF TERMSAssault: Physical attack against the body of another person,including battery but excluding indecent assault. Somecriminal or penal codes distinguish between aggravatedassault and simple assault, depending on the degree ofresulting injury.Automobile theft: The removal of a motor vehicle withoutthe consent of the owner of the vehicle.Bribery: Requesting and/or accepting material or personalbenefits, or the promise thereof, in connection with theperformance of a public function for an action that may ormay not be a violation of law and/or promising as well asgiving material or personal benefits to a public officer inexchange for a requested favor.Burglary: Unlawful entry into someone else’s premiseswith the intention to commit a crime.Control of corruption: The extent to which public power isexercised for private gain, including both petty and grandforms of corruption, as well as ‘capture’ of the state by elitesand private interests.Drug-related crimes: Intentional acts that involve the cultivation,production, manufacture, extraction, preparation,offering for sale, distribution, purchase, sale, delivery on anyterms whatsoever, brokerage, dispatch, dispatch in transit,transport, importation, exportation and possession of internationallycontrolled drugs.Embezzlement: The wrongful appropriation of anotherperson’s property that is already in the possession of theperson doing the appropriating.Expenditure on health: This covers expenditure on healthservices (preventive and curative), family planning activities,nutrition activities and emergency aid designated for health,but does not include provision of water and sanitation.Fraud: The acquisition of another person’s property bydeception.Gini index: This measures the extent to which the distributionof income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure)among individuals or households within an economy deviatesfrom a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots thecumulative percentages of total income received against thecumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorestindividual or household. The Gini index measures the areabetween the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line ofabsolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximumarea under the line. Thus, a Gini index of 0 representsperfect equality, while an index of 100 implies absoluteinequality.Government effectiveness: The quality of public services,the quality of the civil service and the degree of itsindependence from political pressures, the quality of policyformulation and implementation, and the credibility of thegovernment’s commitment to such policies.GNI per capita (PPP): This is gross national income dividedby midyear population and converted to international dollarsusing purchasing power parity rates.Hospital beds: Include inpatient beds available in public,private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitationcentres. In most cases, beds for both acute and chronic careare included.Household: The concept of household is based on thearrangements made by persons, individually or in groups, forproviding themselves with food or other essentials for living.A household may be either:• A one-person household – that is to say, a person whomakes provision for his or her own food or other essentialsfor living without combining with any other personto form a part of a multiperson household; or• A multiperson household – that is to say, a group of twoor more persons living together who make commonprovision for food or other essentials for living. Thepersons in the group may pool their incomes and may,to a greater or lesser extent, have a common budget;they may be related or unrelated persons or constitute acombination of persons both related and unrelated. Thisconcept of household is known as the ‘housekeeping’concept. It does not assume that the number of householdsand housing units is equal. Although the conceptof housing unit implies that it is a space occupied byone household, it may also be occupied by more thanone household or by a part of a household (for example,two nuclear households that share one housing unit foreconomic reasons or one household in a polygamoussociety routinely occupying two or more housing units).Improved drinking water coverage: This is an indicatorexpressed as the percentage of people using improved drink-