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UP 12 Poster: Satelliten und Anwendungen
Zeit: Dienstag 14:00–16:00 Raum: Schellingstr. 3
UP 12.1 Di 14:00 Schellingstr. 3
Bestimmung mesosphärischer Ozoneprofile aus SCIAMACHY
Limb-Streulichtmessungen — •Guenter Rohen 1 , Christian
v. Savigny 1 , Kai-Uwe Eichmann 1 , Johannes Kaiser 2 , Astrid
Bracher 1 , Heinrich Bovensmann 1 und John P. Burrows 1
— 1 Institut für Umweltphysik/Fernerkundung, Universität Bremen,
Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen — 2 RSL, University of Zürich, 8057
Switzerland
Das ” Scanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric
CHartographY“ (SCIAMACHY) ist eines von 10 wissenschaftlichen
Messinstrumenten auf dem europäischen Umweltforschungssatelliten EN-
VISAT. SCIAMACHY besteht aus 8 Gitterspektrographen, die das in der
terrestrischen Atmosphäre nadir- und limb-gestreute Sonnenlicht, sowie
das in Okkultation transmittierte Sonnenlicht im Wellenlängenbereich
zwischen 220 und 2380 nm spektral zerlegen. Die neuartige Limb-
Beobachtungsgeometrie erlaubt die Bestimmung von Spurenstoffprofilen
mit einer vertikalen Auflösung von 3 km durch die Auswertung spektraler
Absorptionsstrukturen atmosphärischer Spurenstoffe, sowie Strahlungstransportechnungen
mit sphärischen Mehrfachstreumodellen. Vorgestellt
wird eine Methode zur Gewinnung von Ozonprofilen aus der oberen Stratosphäre
und unteren Mesosphäre. Benutzt werden hier u.a. bis zu 15
Wellenlängen gleichzeitig im Bereich von 243 bis 308 nm in den Hartleybanden
des Ozons, um eine gleichmäßig hohe Sensitivität der Profilgewinnung
zu erreichen.
UP 12.2 Di 14:00 Schellingstr. 3
GOME Observations of OClO in the Arctic — •Sven Kühl,
Walburga Wilms-Grabe, Ulrich Platt und Thomas Wagner
— Institut für Umweltphysik, Universität Heidelberg
Im polaren Winter, wenn die Temperatur in der Stratosphäre unter
einen von der Höhe abhängigen Schwellenwert sinkt, werden besondere
Wolken, sogenannte Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCs), gebildet. In
und an diesen Wolken finden Prozesse statt, durch die Chlor aus seinen
Ozon-inerten Reservoire-Substanzen in ozonzerstörende Species (aktives
Chlor) überführt wird.
Als Nebenprodukt des durch Chlor katalysierten Ozonabbaus ensteht
Chlordioxid (OClO), welches über einen hohen Absorptionsquerschnitt
im UV-Bereich verfügt, und somit durch differentielle optische Absorptionsspektroskopie
(DOAS) nachgewiesen werden kann. Die OClO-
Messungen des Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment(GOME) auf dem
Satelliten ERS-2 zeigen die Ausdehnung und den Grad der Chloraktivierung.
Man sieht eine deutlichen Anstieg der OClO-Werte, wenn die Temperatur
in einer Höhe von ca. 19 km unter 195 K fällt, was die Schwelle zur
Bildung von PSCs ist. In der Arktis führen auch mesoskalige Prozesse,
wie z.B. Leewellen, zu einer Chloraktivierung. Die Deaktivierung, also
die Rückführung des Chlors in die Reservoir-Substanzen dauert länger in
Wintern, in denen es eine starke Denitrifizierung gab.
UP 12.3 Di 14:00 Schellingstr. 3
Tropospheric Ozone in the Tropics measured with GOME and
SCIAMACHY and compared with O3-SHADOZ-Sondes-data
— •Annette Ladstaetter-Weissenmayer, Christian v. Savigny,
John P. Burrows, and Valentine Jalaosha — Institut fuer
Umweltphysik Bremen
The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) launched in April
1995 in is measuring the sunlight back scattered by the surface in nadir
viewing mode (240-790 nm) to detect O3, NO2, BrO, OClO, HCHO and
SO2. SCIAMACHY (Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric
ChartographY)launched in March 2002 is measuring sunlight,
transmitted, reflected and scattered by the earth atmosphere or surface
(240 nm - 2380 nm). SCIAMACHY measurements yield the amounts and
distribution of O3, BrO, OClO, ClO, SO2, H2CO, NO2, CO, CO2, CH4,
H2O, N2O, p, T, aerosol, radiation, cloud cover and cloud top height in
limb and nadir mode. In the tropics biomass burning is extensive every
year. During these burning events large amounts of aerosols and trace
gases like nitrogen oxide NO, hydrocarbons, formaldehyde (HCHO) and
carbon monoxide (CO) are emitted into the troposphere. In photochemical
reactions tropospheric O3 is produced. GOME- and SCIAMACHYdata
were analysed to observe an increasing of this trace gas during fire
events and to compare then these results with the data of O3-SHADOZ-
160
sondes to validate the retrieval method.
UP 12.4 Di 14:00 Schellingstr. 3
GOME observations of stratospheric trace gas distributions
during the splitting vortex event in the Antarctic winter 2002
— •Walburga Wilms-Grabe, Sven Kühl, Steffen Beirle, Ulrich
Platt, and Thomas Wagner — Institut für Umweltphysik Heidelberg,
Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg
The major stratospheric warming in the southern hemisphere during
September/October 2002 led to abnormal conditions in the Antarctic
stratosphere. This could obviously be seen by the early weakening of the
ozone hole. For a better understanding of the dynamical and chemical
processes during this special event, it is a crucial factor to study those
key species that are involved in the stratospheric ozone chemistry, particularly
chlorine and nitrogen compounds.
Satellite observations offer the possibility to give a thorough overview
of the temporal and spatial evolution of the conditions in and around
the split vortex. This contribution is presenting GOME measurements of
ozone and ozone relevant species (O3, NO2, and OClO) during the period
of the major stratospheric warming event, with main focus on OClO.
OClO is exclusively formed by the reaction of BrO and ClO and thus can
be used as an indicator for the chlorine activation of the stratosphere.
Reactive nitrogen compounds control the duration of the stratospheric
chlorine activation.
Dynamical and chemical interactions of the vortex event will be discussed
and specifics will be pointed out.
UP 12.5 Di 14:00 Schellingstr. 3
Deriving an Ocean Colour product from SCIAMACHY measurements
— •Eric Kumi Barimah, Andreas Richter, Astrid
Bracher, and John P. Burrows — Institut für Umweltphysik, Universität
Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee, D-28359 Bremen
Ocean Colour measurements from satellites are a powerful tool used to
derive information on biologic activity and water quality in oceans and
other water bodies worldwide. The technique relies on the difference in
colour between clear water and water with chlorophyll or gelbstoff, and
usually is applied to data with good spatial and poor spectral resolution.
The SCIAMACHY instrument launched on board of ENVISAT in
March 2002 has a good spectral resolution of 0.4 nm and a moderate
spatial resolution of 30 x 30 km 2 . In this work, the potential of SCIA-
MACHY as an ocean colour measuring instrument is explored, and the
problems associated with low spatial resolution (gradients, clouds, subpixel
variability) are discussed. First results of the application of ocean
colour algorithms to SCIAMACHY data are presented and compared to
results from SEAWIFS and GOME.
UP 12.6 Di 14:00 Schellingstr. 3
Upper Tropospheric Humidity and Ice from Meteorological
Operational Sensors — •Stefan Bühler, Emmanuel Brocard,
Nathalie Courcoux, Claudia Emde , Axel von Engeln, Arash
Houshangpour, Thomas Kuhn, Mashrab Kuvatov, Oliver
Lemke, Viju Oommen John, and Sreerekha T.R. — University of
Bremen
The objective of the UTH-MOS project is to develop and interpret an
upper tropospheric humidity climatology product from microwave data
collected by the polar orbiting operational meteorological sensors AMSU-
B and SSM-T2. This data record goes back to 1995 and will extend into
the future for at least the next decade. For the correct interpretation of
these data, the impact of cirrus clouds on the measurement in the microwave
channels has to be well understood and taken into account in
the retrieval. An auxiliary objective is to explore the potential of these
data for deriving information on cloud ice particles. The research work in
UTH-MOS is split between the modeling of the radiative transfer in the
presence of cirrus clouds on one hand, and the actual data analysis and
atmospheric research applications on the other hand. The poster gives
an overview of UTH-MOS project activities and results.