ICRISAT Archival Report 2006 - The seedlings of success in the ...

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Grain mold resistance in selections from B- and R-lines: Ninety-seven grain mold-resistant single plant selections (33 from 14 B-lines and 64 from 24 R-lines from the 2005 screen) along with 4 resistant and 4 susceptible checks were evaluated to confirm their resistance. The experiment was conducted in a RCBD with 2 replications, 1 row of 2 m long/replication. Sprinkler irrigation was provided twice a day for 30 min. each on rain-free days from flowering to physiological maturity to provide high humidity (>90% RH) essential for mold development. The grain mold scores were recorded at physiological maturity (PM) using a 1 to 9 scale, where 1 = no mold infection and 9 >75% molded grains on a panicle. The mean grain mold scores on test genotypes ranged from 2.0 to 7.8 compared to 1.0−2.0 score on resistant checks (IS 14384, IS 8545 and IS 25017) and 8.8−9.0 score on the susceptible checks (CSH 9, CSH 16, Bulk Y and SPV 104). Results indicated that 50 selections (23 from 8 B-lines and 27 from 10 R- lines) were resistant (≤3.0 score). Some of these selections have been utilized in developing test hybrids. Grain mold resistance in sorghum germplasm: One hundred fifty-six germplasm lines reported as resistant to grain mold during 1985−87 along with two resistant and one susceptible checks were screened to find the stability of resistance under field conditions. These were evaluated unreplicated with 2 rows of 2 m per entry. Sprinkler irrigation was provided twice a day for 30 min. each on rain-free days from flowering to physiological maturity. The visual grain mold scores were recorded at physiological maturity (PM). The grain mold scores of the test lines varied from 1 to 7 compared to 1.0 to 2.0 on resistant checks (IS 14384 and IS 25017) and 9.0 on the susceptible check (SPV 104). Of the 156 lines, 19 (IS 3413, IS 8848, IS 13885, IS 14375, IS 14380, IS 14384, IS 14385, IS 14387, IS 14390, IS 13756, IS 21599, IS 24995, is 24989, IS 24996, IS 25038, IS 25075, IS 25084, IS 25100 and IS 25105) were highly resistant (1.0 score); 134 resistant (1.1 to 3.0 score) and 3 moderately resistant (3.1−5.0 score). Some of the highly resistant germplasm lines from the 19 identified above having desirable agronomic traits would be useful in breeding program to develop grain mold resistant hybrid parents. Grain mold resistance in zerazera selections: Thirty-two selections from two zerazera conversion lines (IS 18758C and IS 30469C) and two susceptible checks were evaluated for grain mold resistance. The 34 entries were grown in a RCBD with 2 replications, 1 row of 2 m per replication. The sprinkler irrigation was provided twice a day for 30 min. each on rain-free days from flowering to physiological maturity. The grain mold scores were recorded at physiological maturity (PM). Five (from IS 18758C) of the 32 selections were moderately resistant (3.4 to 4.3 score), while the remaining were susceptible (>6.0 scores). These five resistant selections are early maturing with medium height and white grain and thus could be utilized in grain mold resistance breeding. RP Thakur and Rajan Sharma Milestone 5A.3.1.3: Relative contributions of host and environmental factors in mold development assessed (RPT/RS/BVSR, 2010) Host and environmental factors in relation to mold development: In the 2006 grain mold nursery, we evaluated 156 germplasm lines reported as resistant (during 1985−87) to confirm their resistance under changed environment and screening procedure. These lines originate from different countries of Africa and possess diverse morphological traits (such as panicle shape and size, grain color, glumes color and glumes coverage of grains) and agronomic traits (plant height and days to flowering). In addition to grain mold severity, we obtained data on the above morphological and agronomic traits. From these and other data sets from diverse breeding lines collected during the past years we plan to determine the relative contributions of host and environmental factors to grain mold development. RP Thakur, Rajan Sharma and BVS Reddy Activity 5A.3.2: Develop screening techniques and investigate host genotype - natural enemy interactions, resistance mechanisms and genetics of insect pest resistance Milestone 5A.3.2.1: Insect–host genotype - natural enemy interactions, and mechanisms of resistance and their inheritance studied in sorghum (HCS/BVSR, 2009) Physico-chemical mechanisms of resistance to sorghum shoot fly: Fifteen lines comprising of shoot fly-resistant and -susceptible types were evaluated for resistance to Atherigona soccata under no-choice, dual-choice and multichoice conditions in the field and glasshouse. There were three replications in a randomized complete block design. Data were recorded on shoot fly oviposition, deadheart formation, recovery resistance, leaf glossiness score, trichome density, insect survival and development, and fecundity. There were 5.11 eggs per 10 plants in IS 2146 to 132
19.55 eggs on ICSV 112, and 16.49 in case of Swarna. Deadheart incidence ranged from 55.85 in IS 2312 to 99.2% in Swarna, compared to 78.3% deadhearts in the resistant check, IS 18551. Under dual-choice conditions, the genotypes IS 1054, IS 2146, IS 18551, IS 4664, and SFCR 125 showed non-preference for oviposition as compared to the susceptible check, Swarna. Antibiosis in terms of success of the neonate larvae to establish on the plants and cause a deadheart was observed in case of IS 1054, IS 1057, IS 18551, IS 2312, IS 4664, IS 2205, SFCR 125, SFCR 151, and ICSV 700. The leaf glossiness score varied from 1.0 to 5.0. Genotypes showing less susceptibility to shoot fly were trichomed and had a leaf glossiness score of
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© International Crops Research Ins
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Project 1: Project 2: Project 3: Pr
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In April 2005 and again in August 2
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Handling new districts: Since 1970,
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food security for their families. E
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This PRA was followed by a structur
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vary by zone, household, and farm c
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The study hypothesizes that demand
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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Objectives: Identify production and
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Research, practice and coalition bu
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initial 2-3 years for smooth transi
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Based on the recommendation of the
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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social capital in the nexus of tech
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Scaling out of agricultural technol
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These economic research results hav
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due to population pressure and sub-
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Exploring the dynamics of poverty i
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in the rural Indian diet over the p
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analysis of the sources of risk, ef
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problems that would otherwise invol
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Milestone A.1.1.5: Priorities areas
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environment two entries (2130 - 232
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Output target A.4: Germplasm access
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Milestone A.6.1.2: Wild and cultiva
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(Trifolium alexandrium) (50) and Lu
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greater inflorescence length than a
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Output target C.1: Core and mini co
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Pearl millet: We constituted a pear
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Table 5. Number of missing data, al
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analyses showed a strong genetic st
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Desi (1668); Kabuli (1167); Interme
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(Fig. 3), which maybe attributed to
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Milestone C.3.1.18: Diversity and p
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Milestone C.4.1.2: Core collection
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Milestone C.5.1.8: Foxtail core set
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in both groups. Among the genotypes
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The genotyping of reference collect
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Output target C.9: Broadening the g
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Activity C.11.3: Comparative genomi
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Milestone D.2.1.2: DNA extracts of
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Page 96 and 97: To help guide ICRISAT and West-Afri
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Page 100 and 101: Activity 3B3.1: Farmer-participator
Page 102 and 103: Activity 3B6.1: Screening groundnut
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Page 106 and 107: Information was also disseminated u
Page 108 and 109: Milestone A1.1.2: At least one new
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Page 112 and 113: The pearl millet variety SDMV 90031
Page 114 and 115: Output Targets A6: High yielding fa
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Page 120 and 121: Activity A9.3: Share seed of improv
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Page 124 and 125: Output Target B5: New backcross pop
Page 126 and 127: Activity C2.2: Understand the in si
Page 128 and 129: Output 4D: Technological options an
Page 132 and 133: IS 14384. At 18 days after seedling
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Page 138 and 139: complete block design with three re
Page 140 and 141: In another nursery, 384 F 5 s deriv
Page 142 and 143: Sweet sorghum male-sterile line dev
Page 144 and 145: Seed supplies: A total of 1768 seed
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Page 148 and 149: days and 34 flowered in 56−60 day
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Page 156 and 157: Milestone 5A.4.1.1: QTL mapping bas
Page 158 and 159: Milestone 5A.5.1.2: Spatial and tem
Page 160 and 161: Milestone 5A.7.1.2: Genetical studi
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Page 164 and 165: Milestone 5A.4.1.2: A hybrid seed p
Page 166 and 167: Milestone 5A.7.1.3: Technical infor
Page 168 and 169: Milestone 5B.2.1: Putative relation
Page 170 and 171: The phenotyping of F 6 inbred proge
Page 172 and 173: Milestone 5B.4.1.1: An effective P-
Page 174 and 175: I. Sorghum Output target 5C.1: Sorg
Page 176 and 177: Activity 5C.1.2: Conduct inheritanc
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In the advanced Spanish type trial
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TSV infection was recorded both on
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Genotype Generation Wild species us
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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LAD% (JL 24-P2
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Milestone: Five promising TSVcp tra
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BPP43-BP-BP-BP) asymptomatic and th
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a 1 - 9 rating scale. No resistance
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cross, the F 2 plants were classifi
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UAS Dharwad-ICRISAT collaborative r
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selection of material for use as pa
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damage, numbers of eggs laid, larva
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Characterization of variability in
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Milestone: 50 transgenic events of
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Of the 28 entries tested, 27 entrie
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Activity 6A.1.2: Genetically divers
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Wide crosses for pod borer resistan
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Activity 6A.1.1: Selecting high bio
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Activity 6A.1.2: Developing QTL map
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ICRISAT, 8 lines (2.6-1.6 ± 0.13 t
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The transcription factor DREB1A, wh
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Milestone: At least 8 promising tra
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Activity 6B.1.2: Mapping and marker
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Pigeonpea Output B. Annually knowle
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Progress reported towards the achie
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Milestone: Two best transgenic grou
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Milestone: At least 10 - 15 crosses
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Milestone: Botanicals with ability
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Table 2. Screening different botani
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plots. The results clearly suggest
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During the Annual Rabi/Summer Seaso
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Project 7 Reducing Rural Poverty th
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from both savings in inputs (labor
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Tomatoes Tomatoes are the most popu
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Citrulus lanatus Watermelon Malali
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guidelines were understood from pro
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Table 7B4. Income distribution of f
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Table 7B 7. Summary of benefits fro
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ensure internalization of the sugge
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goat and cattle management and mark
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and risk coping strategies of pasto
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indicators of biodiversity loss, an
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iological condition as a prerequisi
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West and Central Africa • Pomme d
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grazing (in the still grazed plots)
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2.2.4 Contribution to the overall D
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example, phane is sold dried withou
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with sub outcropping that geologica
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2.1.2 How is it implemented? Napcod
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Table 4. Six selected FIRMs, their
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Key problem Key manifestations Effe
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Key problem Socioeconomic condition
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2.1.4 Contribution to the overall D
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2.1.5 Projected potential impact Wi
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production and rehabilitating the d
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2.6.2 How is it implemented? Survey
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leaf manure. Similarly, mango produ
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This work is carried out in close c
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indigenous knowledge; Output 1.6 -
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3. Use of fertilizer micro dosing t
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sources of income for the rural com
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2.3.3 Up-scaling the technology The
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The conversion of local Ziziphus us
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• The re-appearance of some wild
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D. Mali 1. The context Land degrada
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2.2.5 Projected potential impact
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afford. Another constraint to rehab
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In all the four countries in WCA, e
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Project Title “An aflatoxin risk
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Figure 9A.2. Schematic representati
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Milestones contributing to Output 9
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Unfortunately, for most countries g
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and grain production in almost all
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a) N stress in the rotation - resid
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the proposition that resource const
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Box 9B2 Project initiatives that ar
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• Fatondji D. Martius C., Bielder
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potential for use by smallholder fa
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The first step in the collaboration
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Table 9B6.Yield of soybean and sunf
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ii. Long Term Trends In Climate And
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Table 9B11. Manure effects on the w
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Each participating farmer grew crop
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fodder (2.43 t ha -1 ) yields acros
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additional technological and resour
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Specific Objectives: • Set up a c
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learned by piloting the development
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Journal Articles: Deb UK and BANTIL
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Journal Articles: Kulkarni VN, Rai
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Journal Articles: Piara Singh, D VI
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Journal Articles: Shiferaw B, Obare
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Conference Proceedings: Akponikpe P
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Conference Proceedings: Monyo ES, M
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Conference Proceedings: Shiferaw B,
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Conference Proceedings: Montpellier
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Book Chapters: Prabhakar Pathak. 20
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Book Chapters: Wani SP, MEERA REDDY
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Monographs: MATI BM. 2006. Prelimin
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Abstracts: Kileshye Onema J-M, Mazv
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Brochures/Pamphlets: Hoisington D.
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Invited Seminars: Dar WD, BHATNAGAR
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Invited Seminars: December 2006, Sc
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Invited Seminars: Management in Eth
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Invited Seminars: Rupela OP. 2006.
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Invited Seminars: Telugu/English Ne
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Invited Seminars: Vadez V, Hash CT,
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Manuals: Diouf A and Pasternak D. 2
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News Articles/Newsletter: Pradesh,
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News Articles/Newsletter: Shapiro B
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Poster Papers: BHATNAGAR-MATHUR P,
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Poster Papers: Johansen C, Musa AM,
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Poster Papers: Parthasarathy Rao P,
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Poster Papers: Upadhyaya HD, BHATTA
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Electronic modules (Websites) devel
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Appendix 2. List of Staff Internati
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Name Title Ashok Alur Project Coord
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Visiting Scientists Consultants Nam
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