ICRISAT Archival Report 2006 - The seedlings of success in the ...

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Table 5. Number of missing data, allele number and variation in allele size (bp) as detected in 3000 accessions genotyped for 50 SSR loci. Locus Missing data No. of Alleles detected Allele size range (bp) TA206 224(7.5) 33 350-449 CaSTMS15 292(9.7) 30 209-368 CaSTMS2 332(11.1) 30 209-326 CaSTMS21 176(5.9) 21 150-210 NCPGR12 352(11.7) 28 206-272 NCPGR19 200(6.7) 29 288-464 NCPGR4 124(4.1) 16 149-203 NCPGR6 202(6.7) 24 213-361 NCPGR7 298(9.9) 15 201-243 TA113 258(8.6) 20 145-238 TA116 296(9.9) 34 159-276 TA117 714(23.8) 37 173-323 TA118 212(7.1) 43 116-263 TA130 360(12) 23 185-254 TA135 178(5.9) 21 125-221 TA14 132(4.4) 41 210-354 TA142 258(8.6) 23 113-197 TA200 132(4.4) 39 250-379 TA21 392(13.1) 42 275-422 TA22 344(11.5) 50 131-344 TA27 284(9.5) 32 192-306 TA28 252(8.4) 58 231-438 TA46 586(19.5) 24 126-195 TA64 182(6.1) 36 173-284 TA71 228(7.6) 41 139-277 TA72 312(10.4) 50 159-375 TA76s 458(15.3) 34 149-314 TAA58 190(6.3) 45 205-349 TaaSH 106(3.5) 40 301-496 TR2 206(6.9) 53 161-326 TR29 208(6.9) 34 127-259 TR31 150(5) 16 165-234 TR43 256(8.5) 55 249-474 TR7 242(8.1) 27 146-248 TS84 210(7) 16 197-266 Ta2 180(6) 68 93-251 Ta80 156(5.2) 35 148-275 Ta203 240(8) 56 160-294 Ta5 128(4.3) 43 155-293 Ta96 224(7.5) 48 161-324 Tr1 216(7.2) 62 133-324 Ta3 236(7.9) 30 205-305 Ta8 50(1.7) 34 174-280 58
Locus Missing data No. of Alleles detected Allele size range (bp) Ta144 156(5.2) 56 179-287 Ta42 104(3.5) 46 101-251 Ta176 134(4.5) 65 146-365 Ts45 142(4.7) 27 134-274 Ta11 256(8.5) 30 158-296 Ta78 88(2.9) 39 95-262 Ta194 54(1.8) 30 87-291 ICRISAT-HD Upadhyaya, SL Dwivedi, CLL Gowda, PM Gaur, RK Varshney, DA Hoisington and S Chandra; ICARDA- SM Udupa, M. Baum and BJ Furman Milestone C.3.1.2: Sorghum composite set (3000 accessions) genotyped with SSR markers in collaboration with CIRAD and CAAS (ICRISAT- CTH/SS/HDU/PR/DH; CIRAD-CB/JFR/MD/LG/RR; CAAS-YL/TW/PL, 2006) A total of 3393 sorghum lines, including 10 duplicates, have been genotyped at 43 SSR loci (marker data provided by CIRAD and ICRISAT; the SSR data provided by CAAS for an additional 5 SSR primer pairs has not been included in the final data set). Some 6% of the 145,889 potential data points were missing, so several SSRs and lines were removed from the analysis due to unacceptably high frequency of missing data, leaving 3365 sorghum lines and 39 SSR loci. This represents 87.5% of our original target of 3000 sorghum lines genotyped at 50 SSR loci. The composite set of sorghum lines for which adequate marker data are available for diversity analysis is comprised of 2.0% wild accessions, 8.6% breeding lines and released cultivars, and 98.4% landrace accessions representing all five major races of sorghum and their 10 intermediates, as well as materials originating from 13 sub-continents. ICRISAT - CT Hash, HD Upadhyaya, Punna Ramu,and DA Hoisington; CIRAD – C Billot, J-F Rami, L Gardes, R Rivalian,and M Deu; CAAS – Y Li, T Wang and P Lu. Milestone C.3.1.3: Reference collection of chickpea (300 accessions) established (HDU/ DH/RKV/CLLG/ PMG, 2006) All allelic data for 50 SSR primers on 3000 accessions resulted in less than 5% missing data (i.e., marker x genotype). The accessions with maximum missing values were removed and based on analysis on 2915 accessions, we have selected a reference set consisting of 300 accessions. This reference set consists of 211 accessions of mini core (Upadhyaya and Ortiz, 2001), which has been phenotyped for several traits including drought tolerance traits, and another 89 accessions. The reference set captured 78% (1403 alleles) of the 1791 alleles detected in the 2915 accessions of composite collection. Biologically, the reference set consists of 267 landraces, 13 breeding lines/cultivars, 7 wild Cicer accessions, and 13 accessions with an unknown biological status. Geographically it consists of accessions from Asia (198), Africa (21), Europe (3), Mediterranean (56), Americas (10), Russian Federation (6), and 6 accessions whose geographical origin is not known. The reference set has 195 desi, 88 kabuli, and 10 intermediate type (pea-shaped), and 7 wild Cicer accessions. The reference set is diverse and can be used for extensive phenotyping for traits of interest and genotyping for association studies and eventually for efficient allele mining. HD Upadhyaya, DA Hoisington, RK Varshney, CLL Gowda and PM Gaur Milestone C.3.1.4: Four hundred wild and cultivated Sorghums from 60 villages in Mali genotyped for 15 SSR. Write up report (FS + NARS, 2006) Sorghum diversity in Mali assessed by microsatellite markers: We collected wild, weedy (60 types) and cultivated Sorghums (340 varieties) in 60 villages from all Sorghum agro-ecological regions in Mali (except the “décrûe” Sorghums from Gao region). Sorghum seeds were germinated in a greenhouse. DNA was isolated from fresh leaves collected on 1-3 week old seedling per variety following a modified CTAB protocol at the University of Bamako (Mali). Fifteen SSR markers were chosen among those selected for their reliability and scoring accuracy among laboratories, their level of polymorphism and genome coverage, for the Challenge Program Generation. The M13-tails added to forward primers for each SSR were labeled with IRD700 or IRD800 Xuorochromes. Plants were genotyped at the Montpellier Languedoc-Roussillon Genopole (France) platform using Li-Cor automated sequencers. Saga GT v. 2.2 (Li-Cor) was used to determine allele sizes. First 59
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© International Crops Research Ins
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Project 1: Project 2: Project 3: Pr
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In April 2005 and again in August 2
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Handling new districts: Since 1970,
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food security for their families. E
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Page 16 and 17: The study hypothesizes that demand
Page 18 and 19: Collaborating Institutions and Scie
Page 20 and 21: Objectives: Identify production and
Page 22 and 23: Research, practice and coalition bu
Page 24 and 25: initial 2-3 years for smooth transi
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Page 30 and 31: social capital in the nexus of tech
Page 32 and 33: Scaling out of agricultural technol
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Page 38 and 39: Exploring the dynamics of poverty i
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Page 42 and 43: analysis of the sources of risk, ef
Page 44 and 45: problems that would otherwise invol
Page 46 and 47: Milestone A.1.1.5: Priorities areas
Page 48 and 49: environment two entries (2130 - 232
Page 50 and 51: Output target A.4: Germplasm access
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Page 58 and 59: Output target C.1: Core and mini co
Page 60 and 61: Pearl millet: We constituted a pear
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The pearl millet variety SDMV 90031
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Output Targets A6: High yielding fa
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will be implemented through researc
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interpreted with caution. Different
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Activity A9.3: Share seed of improv
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proven in target areas. This projec
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Output Target B5: New backcross pop
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Activity C2.2: Understand the in si
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Output 4D: Technological options an
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Project 5 Producing more and better
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IS 14384. At 18 days after seedling
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SFRIL 651151, SFRIL 65278, IS 2205,
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Grain mold resistance in selections
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complete block design with three re
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In another nursery, 384 F 5 s deriv
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Sweet sorghum male-sterile line dev
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Seed supplies: A total of 1768 seed
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through bulk storage and marketing
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days and 34 flowered in 56−60 day
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advancement. These 352 progenies al
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and 834B had 95−98% DM incidence
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(check IPC 804 flowered in 50 days)
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Milestone 5A.4.1.1: QTL mapping bas
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Milestone 5A.5.1.2: Spatial and tem
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Milestone 5A.7.1.2: Genetical studi
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fertile hybrids, the promising comb
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Milestone 5A.4.1.2: A hybrid seed p
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Milestone 5A.7.1.3: Technical infor
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Milestone 5B.2.1: Putative relation
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The phenotyping of F 6 inbred proge
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Milestone 5B.4.1.1: An effective P-
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I. Sorghum Output target 5C.1: Sorg
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Activity 5C.1.2: Conduct inheritanc
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highest levels of both Fe and Zn, w
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18 16 14 No. of progenies 12 10 8 6
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Project 6 Producing more and better
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equired for disease development. Di
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In the advanced Spanish type trial
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TSV infection was recorded both on
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Genotype Generation Wild species us
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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LAD% (JL 24-P2
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Milestone: Five promising TSVcp tra
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BPP43-BP-BP-BP) asymptomatic and th
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a 1 - 9 rating scale. No resistance
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cross, the F 2 plants were classifi
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UAS Dharwad-ICRISAT collaborative r
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selection of material for use as pa
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damage, numbers of eggs laid, larva
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Characterization of variability in
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Milestone: 50 transgenic events of
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Of the 28 entries tested, 27 entrie
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Activity 6A.1.2: Genetically divers
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Wide crosses for pod borer resistan
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Activity 6A.1.1: Selecting high bio
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Activity 6A.1.2: Developing QTL map
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ICRISAT, 8 lines (2.6-1.6 ± 0.13 t
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The transcription factor DREB1A, wh
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Milestone: At least 8 promising tra
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Activity 6B.1.2: Mapping and marker
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Pigeonpea Output B. Annually knowle
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Progress reported towards the achie
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Milestone: Two best transgenic grou
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Milestone: At least 10 - 15 crosses
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Milestone: Botanicals with ability
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Table 2. Screening different botani
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plots. The results clearly suggest
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During the Annual Rabi/Summer Seaso
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Project 7 Reducing Rural Poverty th
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from both savings in inputs (labor
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Tomatoes Tomatoes are the most popu
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Citrulus lanatus Watermelon Malali
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guidelines were understood from pro
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Table 7B4. Income distribution of f
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Table 7B 7. Summary of benefits fro
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ensure internalization of the sugge
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goat and cattle management and mark
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and risk coping strategies of pasto
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indicators of biodiversity loss, an
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iological condition as a prerequisi
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West and Central Africa • Pomme d
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grazing (in the still grazed plots)
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2.2.4 Contribution to the overall D
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example, phane is sold dried withou
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with sub outcropping that geologica
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2.1.2 How is it implemented? Napcod
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Table 4. Six selected FIRMs, their
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Key problem Key manifestations Effe
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Key problem Socioeconomic condition
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2.1.4 Contribution to the overall D
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2.1.5 Projected potential impact Wi
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production and rehabilitating the d
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2.6.2 How is it implemented? Survey
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leaf manure. Similarly, mango produ
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This work is carried out in close c
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indigenous knowledge; Output 1.6 -
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3. Use of fertilizer micro dosing t
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sources of income for the rural com
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2.3.3 Up-scaling the technology The
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The conversion of local Ziziphus us
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• The re-appearance of some wild
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D. Mali 1. The context Land degrada
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2.2.5 Projected potential impact
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afford. Another constraint to rehab
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In all the four countries in WCA, e
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Project Title “An aflatoxin risk
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Figure 9A.2. Schematic representati
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Milestones contributing to Output 9
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Unfortunately, for most countries g
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and grain production in almost all
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a) N stress in the rotation - resid
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the proposition that resource const
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Box 9B2 Project initiatives that ar
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• Fatondji D. Martius C., Bielder
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potential for use by smallholder fa
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The first step in the collaboration
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Table 9B6.Yield of soybean and sunf
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ii. Long Term Trends In Climate And
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Table 9B11. Manure effects on the w
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Each participating farmer grew crop
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fodder (2.43 t ha -1 ) yields acros
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additional technological and resour
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Specific Objectives: • Set up a c
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learned by piloting the development
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Journal Articles: Deb UK and BANTIL
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Journal Articles: Kulkarni VN, Rai
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Journal Articles: Piara Singh, D VI
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Journal Articles: Shiferaw B, Obare
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Conference Proceedings: Akponikpe P
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Conference Proceedings: Monyo ES, M
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Conference Proceedings: Shiferaw B,
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Conference Proceedings: Montpellier
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Book Chapters: Prabhakar Pathak. 20
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Book Chapters: Wani SP, MEERA REDDY
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Monographs: MATI BM. 2006. Prelimin
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Abstracts: Kileshye Onema J-M, Mazv
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Brochures/Pamphlets: Hoisington D.
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Invited Seminars: Dar WD, BHATNAGAR
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Invited Seminars: December 2006, Sc
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Invited Seminars: Management in Eth
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Invited Seminars: Rupela OP. 2006.
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Invited Seminars: Telugu/English Ne
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Invited Seminars: Vadez V, Hash CT,
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Manuals: Diouf A and Pasternak D. 2
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News Articles/Newsletter: Pradesh,
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News Articles/Newsletter: Shapiro B
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Poster Papers: BHATNAGAR-MATHUR P,
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Poster Papers: Johansen C, Musa AM,
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Poster Papers: Parthasarathy Rao P,
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Poster Papers: Upadhyaya HD, BHATTA
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Electronic modules (Websites) devel
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Appendix 2. List of Staff Internati
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Name Title Ashok Alur Project Coord
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Visiting Scientists Consultants Nam
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