ICRISAT Archival Report 2006 - The seedlings of success in the ...

Output B. Annually knowledge of the improvements of the biotechnological and conventional tools designed
to facilitate drought and salinity tolerance breeding and germplasm of mandate crops and associated capacity
building made available to partners internationally
Groundnut
MTP output Target 2006: At least 15 new high yielding drought tolerant breeding lines made available to partners
Output target 6B.1: Develop groundnut varieties with tolerance to drought using conventional and
biotechnological approaches
Activity 6B.1.1: Develop high yielding groundnut varieties tolerant to drought
Milestone: 15 - 20 new high yielding drought tolerant breeding lines made available to NARS annually
(SNN/RA/VV) Annual
During the 2005/2006 post-rainy and the 2006 rainy seasons, 37 new crosses were made to generate populations for
selection for resistance to drought and high pod yield with desirable agronomic traits. ICGV 05151, ICGV 06423,
ICGV 01265, ICGV 03115, ICGV 95386, ICGV 03057, and ICGV 06443 were involved in hybridization.
Milestone: 5 - 10 new sources of resistance to drought identified (SNN/RA/VV) 2009
During the 2005/2006 postrainy season and the 2006 rainy seasons, 386 lines (along with controls) were evaluated
in nine replicated yield trials, and 192 lines in 4 augmented trials. In the post-rainy season, early generation breeding
materials and advanced breeding lines were evaluated by subjecting them to moisture stress by withholding alternate
irrigation in the normal irrigation schedule (12 day intervals) starting from 65 days after sowing until harvest. The
elite and advanced trials weree also grown with full irrigation in the same field to assess the full yield potential of
the breeding lines included in these trials.
2005/2006 post-rainy season: In an elite trial (Spanish), ICGV 03064 (under stress - 3.1 t ha -1 pod yield and 61%
shelling outturn; irrigated - 4.9 t ha -1 pod yiels, and 67 % shelling outturn) outperformed the best control ICGS 76
(under stress- 2.7 ± 0.26 t ha -1 and 67%; irrigated - 3.9 ±0.63 t ha -1 and 76%) under irrigated and stress conditions. It
also significantly outyielded (rainfed - 4.9 t ha -1 and 60%; irrigated - 5.0 t ha -1 and 70%) the best control (rainfed:
ICGV 00350 – 2.8 ± 0.21 t ha -1 and 67%; irrigated : ICGV 86325 – 4.8 ± 0.32 t ha -1 and 71%) in the 2005 rainy
season.
2006 rainy season: In the new elite trial (Spanish), none of the entries outperformed the highest yielding control
under both irrigated and rainfed conditions. In the new advanced trial (Spanish) evaluated under rainfed conditions,
ICGV 05151, CGV 05155, CGV 05162, and CGV 05158 outyielded (3.3-2.9 ± 0.18 t ha -1 ) the highest yielding
control ICGV 87846 (2.3 t ha -1 ). When this trial was evaluated under irrigation, the same four lines (4.2 - 3.9 ± 0.27
t ha -1 ) outyielded the highest yielding control ICGV 87846 (2.9 t ha -1 ). The best line came from (ICGV 99160 x
ICGV 99240) cross. In the new advanced trial (Virginia) under rainfed conditions, 14 lines (3.7 - 2.8 ± 0.23 t ha -1 )
significantly outyielded the highest yielding control ICGV 00350 (2.3 t ha -1 ). Under irrigation, only ICGV 06424
(4.1 t ha -1 ) outperformed the highest yielding control ICGV 87846 (2.3 t ha -1 ). In the new preliminary trial (Spanish),
23 lines (3.8 - 3.2 ± 0.21 t ha -1 ) outyielded the best control ICGV 02266 (2.6 t ha -1 ). Best performer ICGX 020048
came from ((ICGV 99069 x ICGV 93184) x (ICGS 44 x ICGS 76)) cross. In the new preliminary trial (Virginia), 6
lines (3.5 - 3.0 ± 0.27 t ha -1 ) significantly outperformed the best control ICGV 87846 (2.9 t ha -1 ). The top line ICGX
020054 came from (ICGV 92069 x ICGV 93184) cross. Four lines (ICGV 03056, ICGV 03057, ICGV 03109, and
ICGV 03115) were selected for inclusion in the international trials in the 2005/06 post-rainy season.
Milestone: 15 - 20 advanced lines tested in Anantapur in India and other drought prone areas (SNN/RA/VV) 2009
A special trial was formulated to develop varieties specially suited for drought prone Anantapur district in Andhra
Pradesh. Based on the results obtained from both Anantapur and ICRISAT during the last two years (details given in
Archival report 2005), we selected 16 lines for further evaluation at ICRISAT and ARS, Anantapur. At Anantapur,
the trial could be sown only on 12 September 2006 as the monsoon was delayed during the 2006 rainy season. At
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