ICRISAT Archival Report 2006 - The seedlings of success in the ...

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Milestone 5A.7.1.2: Genetical studies of diverse CMS systems completed (KNR/RB, 2009) This research was a part of a PhD thesis that was completed in 2005. Drafts of the genetics of two CMS systems have been prepared. The publication of this work will start in 2007 and will be completed by 2009. KN Rai and Ranjana Bhattacharjee Output target 5A.8: Pearl millet technology exchange, capacity building and impact assessment undertaken and documented (2009). Activity 5A.8.1: Enhance technology exchange and partnership building, and assess its impact Milestone 5A.8.1.1: Seed of hybrid parents and breeding lines multiplied and distributed (KNR/RB, annual) In response to seed requests, 1200 seed samples were supplied to public and private organizations (263 public and 937 private) within India, and about 730 samples of breeding materials supplied to about 10 countries abroad (Africa, USA and UAE). We produced 400 kg breeder seed of ICTP 8203 and 228 kg was supplied from the carryover stock. Also, we supplied 320 kg breeder seed of seven hybrid parental lines. In addition, about 300 kg breeder seed of two seed parental lines (ICMA/B 89111 and ICMA/B 93333) was multiplied. KN Rai Milestone 5A.8.1.2: ICRISAT’s research partnerships with NARS, networks and regional fora strengthened ((KNR/CLLG/Pearl Millet Team, annual) Under the ICAR-ICRISAT partnership project, 8 trials (6 hybrid trials, and one each of biofortification and salinity trials) and 11 nurseries (7 maintainer and 4 restorer lines) were constituted and sent to the AICPMIP coordinator for coordinating the evaluation at 14 locations. NARS and the private sector scientists were involved in planning for an international course on Pearl Millet Improvement and Seed Production and also serving as resource persons. NARS scientists were increasingly involved in project development, joint publications, and facilitation of a research grant from ICAR for DM resistance marker selection work. During a brief visit to two research centers in Mexico, presentations were made on adaptation and yield potential of pearl millet for grain and fodder production to assess the prospects of pearl millet and develop possible research collaboration for introducing this crop for crop diversification in that country. Similar presentations were made and pearl millet and sorghum trials evaluated during a 2-week visit to several research stations and universities in Central Asia (Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan) to assess the prospects of pearl millet in this region. There is keen interest among NARS to introduce pearl millet for crop diversification and farmers livelihood improvement in Central Asia and Mexico. Also, linkages were developed for testing the prospects of pearl millet in Morocco and China. ICRISAT-Private Sector partnership was further strengthened with 20 new seed companies joining the Pearl Millet Hybrid Parents Consortium in 2006, taking it to a total of 34 consortium members. Maharashtra State Seed Corporation, the first public-sector seed producing agency coordinated a 21-entry trial of consortium hybrids from 10 seed companies at 9 locations, including Patancheru. Analysis of Patancheru data showed that none of the hybrids produced higher grain yield over the high-yielding check 7688 (4330 kg ha -1 ). However, for dry fodder yield, the hybrids of GK 1059 and KH 325 were 35 and 9% superior over the check 7688 (4480 kg ha -1 ), and the flowering of all the entries ranged between 46 and 52 days, while 7688 flowered in 48 days and HHB 67-2 in 38 days KN Rai, CLL Gowda and Pearl Millet Team Milestone 5A.8.1.3: International Pearl Millet Training Course (2009) and Field Day (2006, 2008, 2010, 2012) conducted (KNR/CLL/Pearl Millet Team) Pearl millet scientists field day: Pearl Millet Scientists Field Day held on 14−15 September 2006 at ICRISAT, Patancheru had 60 scientists from 12 public and 32 private organizations. The participants selected breeding lines and potential parents (A-, B- and R-lines) of hybrids for utilization in their programs. All the private sector requests have been obtained and consolidated which shows that 1382 breeding lines/parental lines of potential hybrids were 156
selected by these companies with a total of 5420 seed samples as some of the lines were selected by more than one seed company (more than 7 companies requested a few lines). International training course on pearl millet improvement and seed production: An international training course on pearl millet improvement and seed production was held on 2−15 May 2006 at ICRISAT, Patancheru. The course was initially co-sponsored by the FAO. Subsequently, INTSORMIL, USA; ICBA, Dubai, The Sehgal Foundation, India; and Syngenta Foundation, Switzerland also co-sponsored this course. Besides ICRISAT scientists (11), resource scientists from national (3) and private sector (8) in India, along with one scientist from USA, were included as resource persons for the training. About 40 trainees (including 5 women) from 15 countries participated in the training, of which 19 participants were from private seed companies and 9 from public sector institutions within India; 7 from Africa; 4 from Middle-East; and one each from USA, Uzbekistan, Pakistan and Myanmar. The training course consisted of several lectures, practical classes, visits to field and private seed companies and group discussions. The success of the training course was evaluated by providing questionnaires to the participants. In a group exercise, they also identified 11 major constraints in pearl millet production. Six participants also took the opportunity to select more than 500 breeding lines (including hybrid parental lines, improved populations and germplasm accessions) and also requested for ICRISAT’s assistance in supplying breeding materials, organizing drought and salinity nurseries, and guiding their breeding programs. The general opinion was to conduct this training course once in 3 years. Participants also suggested for conducting similar training courses in biotechnology and data analyses. KN Rai, CLL Gowda and Pearl Millet Team Milestone 5A.8.1.4: Technical information and public awareness documents developed and disseminated (KNR/CLLG/Pearl Millet Team, annual) Two flyers were prepared in collaboration with the International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA). One of this deals with salinity tolerance of sorghum and pearl millet and the other one deals with the prospects of these crops in Central Asia. A booklet describing pearl millet cultivars for dry environments was brought out as a joint publication of ICRISAT and ICAR. Pearl millet as a highly nutritious cereal for grain iron and zinc was publicized through a poster at the International Plant Breeding Symposium in Mexico. Milestone 5A.8.1.5: Commercialization of pearl millet grains strengthened through researcher-farmer-industry alliances (KNR/CLLG/Pearl Millet Team, annual) Plans were developed under the CFC-funded project for on-farm trials of pearl millet in Andhra Pradesh (AP) and Maharashtra village clusters to enhance pearl millet productivity through cultivar replacement and micronutrient applications. Based on the results during 2005, the popular pearl millet variety ICTP 8203 in the AP village clusters was almost completely replaced with a pearl millet hybrid (MLBH 308) that showed substantial yield advantage. The data on the grain and fodder yield of new cultivars over those grown by the farmers (both with and without micronutrient applications) were collected to examine the income generation values of the recommended practices. III. Pigeonpea Output Target 5A.1: About 15 high-yielding pigeonpea hybrids made available for cultivation in different environments (2006-2009). Activity 5A.1.1: Development of widely adapted high-yielding hybrids for different environments. Milestone 5A.1.1.1: At least 100 new hybrid combinations evaluated to identify new fertility restorers/male sterility maintainers (KBS/KML, 2006-09) During 2006 rainy season, 227 short-duration and 234 medium-duration new hybrids were evaluated for fertility restoration. Of these, 298 hybrids (64.6%) had full pollen fertility and 33 (7.2%) were male-sterile, while the remaining segregated for male-fertility and sterility in various proportions. All the male-sterile F 1 s were backcrossed to their respective male-parents to produce BC 1 F 1 seed for the diversification of A-lines. Among the 157
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© International Crops Research Ins
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Project 1: Project 2: Project 3: Pr
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In April 2005 and again in August 2
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Handling new districts: Since 1970,
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food security for their families. E
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This PRA was followed by a structur
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vary by zone, household, and farm c
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The study hypothesizes that demand
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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Objectives: Identify production and
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Research, practice and coalition bu
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initial 2-3 years for smooth transi
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Based on the recommendation of the
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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social capital in the nexus of tech
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Scaling out of agricultural technol
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These economic research results hav
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due to population pressure and sub-
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Exploring the dynamics of poverty i
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in the rural Indian diet over the p
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analysis of the sources of risk, ef
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problems that would otherwise invol
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Milestone A.1.1.5: Priorities areas
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environment two entries (2130 - 232
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Output target A.4: Germplasm access
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Milestone A.6.1.2: Wild and cultiva
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(Trifolium alexandrium) (50) and Lu
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greater inflorescence length than a
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Output target C.1: Core and mini co
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Pearl millet: We constituted a pear
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Table 5. Number of missing data, al
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analyses showed a strong genetic st
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Desi (1668); Kabuli (1167); Interme
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(Fig. 3), which maybe attributed to
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Milestone C.3.1.18: Diversity and p
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Milestone C.4.1.2: Core collection
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Milestone C.5.1.8: Foxtail core set
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in both groups. Among the genotypes
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The genotyping of reference collect
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Output target C.9: Broadening the g
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Activity C.11.3: Comparative genomi
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Milestone D.2.1.2: DNA extracts of
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IPC 804 x 81B ) and two tester line
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Project 3 Producing more and better
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during the ongoing off-season. Geno
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glumes make threshing difficult. Th
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organizations, and development proj
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To help guide ICRISAT and West-Afri
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Trait Units Minimum Maximum Mean St
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Activity 3B3.1: Farmer-participator
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Activity 3B6.1: Screening groundnut
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two countries. Formal release has b
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Information was also disseminated u
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Milestone A1.1.2: At least one new
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Page 170 and 171: The phenotyping of F 6 inbred proge
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Milestone: 50 transgenic events of
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Of the 28 entries tested, 27 entrie
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Activity 6A.1.2: Genetically divers
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Wide crosses for pod borer resistan
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Activity 6A.1.1: Selecting high bio
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Activity 6A.1.2: Developing QTL map
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ICRISAT, 8 lines (2.6-1.6 ± 0.13 t
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The transcription factor DREB1A, wh
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Milestone: At least 8 promising tra
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Activity 6B.1.2: Mapping and marker
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Pigeonpea Output B. Annually knowle
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Progress reported towards the achie
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Milestone: Two best transgenic grou
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Milestone: At least 10 - 15 crosses
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Milestone: Botanicals with ability
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Table 2. Screening different botani
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plots. The results clearly suggest
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During the Annual Rabi/Summer Seaso
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Project 7 Reducing Rural Poverty th
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from both savings in inputs (labor
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Tomatoes Tomatoes are the most popu
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Citrulus lanatus Watermelon Malali
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guidelines were understood from pro
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Table 7B4. Income distribution of f
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Table 7B 7. Summary of benefits fro
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ensure internalization of the sugge
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goat and cattle management and mark
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and risk coping strategies of pasto
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indicators of biodiversity loss, an
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iological condition as a prerequisi
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West and Central Africa • Pomme d
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grazing (in the still grazed plots)
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2.2.4 Contribution to the overall D
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example, phane is sold dried withou
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with sub outcropping that geologica
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2.1.2 How is it implemented? Napcod
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Table 4. Six selected FIRMs, their
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Key problem Key manifestations Effe
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Key problem Socioeconomic condition
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2.1.4 Contribution to the overall D
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2.1.5 Projected potential impact Wi
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production and rehabilitating the d
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2.6.2 How is it implemented? Survey
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leaf manure. Similarly, mango produ
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This work is carried out in close c
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indigenous knowledge; Output 1.6 -
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3. Use of fertilizer micro dosing t
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sources of income for the rural com
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2.3.3 Up-scaling the technology The
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The conversion of local Ziziphus us
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• The re-appearance of some wild
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D. Mali 1. The context Land degrada
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2.2.5 Projected potential impact
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afford. Another constraint to rehab
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In all the four countries in WCA, e
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Project Title “An aflatoxin risk
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Figure 9A.2. Schematic representati
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Milestones contributing to Output 9
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Unfortunately, for most countries g
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and grain production in almost all
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a) N stress in the rotation - resid
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the proposition that resource const
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Box 9B2 Project initiatives that ar
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• Fatondji D. Martius C., Bielder
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potential for use by smallholder fa
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The first step in the collaboration
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Table 9B6.Yield of soybean and sunf
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ii. Long Term Trends In Climate And
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Table 9B11. Manure effects on the w
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Each participating farmer grew crop
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fodder (2.43 t ha -1 ) yields acros
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additional technological and resour
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Specific Objectives: • Set up a c
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learned by piloting the development
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Journal Articles: Deb UK and BANTIL
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Journal Articles: Kulkarni VN, Rai
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Journal Articles: Piara Singh, D VI
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Journal Articles: Shiferaw B, Obare
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Conference Proceedings: Akponikpe P
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Conference Proceedings: Monyo ES, M
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Conference Proceedings: Shiferaw B,
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Conference Proceedings: Montpellier
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Book Chapters: Prabhakar Pathak. 20
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Book Chapters: Wani SP, MEERA REDDY
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Monographs: MATI BM. 2006. Prelimin
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Abstracts: Kileshye Onema J-M, Mazv
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Brochures/Pamphlets: Hoisington D.
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Invited Seminars: Dar WD, BHATNAGAR
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Invited Seminars: December 2006, Sc
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Invited Seminars: Management in Eth
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Invited Seminars: Rupela OP. 2006.
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Invited Seminars: Telugu/English Ne
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Invited Seminars: Vadez V, Hash CT,
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Manuals: Diouf A and Pasternak D. 2
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News Articles/Newsletter: Pradesh,
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News Articles/Newsletter: Shapiro B
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Poster Papers: BHATNAGAR-MATHUR P,
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Poster Papers: Johansen C, Musa AM,
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Poster Papers: Parthasarathy Rao P,
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Poster Papers: Upadhyaya HD, BHATTA
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Electronic modules (Websites) devel
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Appendix 2. List of Staff Internati
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Name Title Ashok Alur Project Coord
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Visiting Scientists Consultants Nam
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