ICRISAT Archival Report 2006 - The seedlings of success in the ...

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Characterization of variability in Fusarium udum : We also initiated work on characterization of variability in F. udum. Eleven isolates of F. udum from nine locations in six states [Akola, Badnapur (Maharashtra); Bangalore, Gulbarga (Karnataka); Khargone (Madhya Pardesh), Muradnagar (Meerut), Varanasi (UP), Warangal and ICRISAT-Patancheru (Andhra Pradesh) all in India] were collected and single spore cultures were obtained using standard mycological techniques. All the single spore isolates once again were passed through common wilt susceptible cultivar ICP 2376 by following root dip inoculation technique, and aggressive isolates were stored at 4 0 C in the laboratory. Since the collection of the isolates did not represent the entire country, we continued to collect the isolates from pigeonpea growing areas. During the current crop season, wilt infected samples were collected from 9 locations (Yenagandla, Kulcharam, Jogipet, Andole, and Shivampet in Andhra Pradesh; Aurad in Karnataka; and Dhuki, Osmanabad, and Parbhani in Maharashtra, India). Isolations were made and F. udum was obtained from all the locations. All the cultures were purified and single spore isolates were obtained following standard mycological techniques. All these isolates were tested for virulence using a common susceptible cultivar ICP 2376 following root dip technique. All the virulent cultures were stored at 4 0 C in the laboratory. Suresh Pande and Mamta Sharma Milestone: Mapping of one intra-specific RIL population for dry root resistance conduced (PMG/SP) 2008 Mapping of RILs populations to DRR resistance under controlled environment: One hundred and twenty-six RILs and parents (JG 62 and ICCV 2) were evaluated for DRR resistance using paper towel technique under controlled environment conditions. Each entry was replicated thrice. Of the 126 RILs evaluated, ICCX 930111- 57- 1-1-1-1SP-1-1-1-BP-1BP showed a resistant reaction (3 rating on 1 - 9 scale), while 15 entries were moderately resistant (3.1 to 5 rating). Both parents showed a susceptible reaction. Suresh Pande/PM Gaur Activity 6A.3.1: Advanced generation inter-specific derivatives with resistance to Helicoverpa and BGM generated using wild Cicer from different gene pools Milestone: Strategies to cross wild Cicer between primary, secondary and tertiary gene pools developed (NM) 2008 In collaboration with Washington State University, Pullman, USA crossing program was initiated to cross perennial Cicer with annual as well as cultivated Cicer. Pollen germination was observed between intra-perennial Cicer species. It is possible to have successful pollination and fertilization between annual species C. reticulatum and perennial species C. oxyodon and C nurstichacum, as well as between cultivated chickpea and C. oxyodon and C. nursticum, but mature seeds were not observed. Since perennial Cicer does not set flowers at ICRISAT Patancheru, techniques were developed to preserve pollen of perennial Cicer for use at ICRISAT at a later date. Germination medium for annual and perennial Cicer pollen has also been developed. Nalini Mallikarjuna and WSU partners Milestone: Fifteen stable inter-specific derivatives using resistant wild Cicer from secondary gene pool generated and screened for Helicoverpa, AB, BGM, and good agronomic characters under field conditions (NM/HCS/SP/PMG) 2010 Cicer accessions ICC 17159, IG 73074, IG 72937, IG 72933, and IG 72934, which have shown resistance to Botrytis grey mold were used in the crossing program. Seed set varied depending upon the pollen parent used in the crossing program. The F 2 progenies from the crosses involving wild Cicer species IG 73074 and ICC 17159 are listed in Table 3. Chi square analysis of the progenies showed that the ratio of resistant to susceptible plants was 1: 3, and hence BGM resistance introgressed from wild Cicer was monogenic and recessive. 204
Table 3. Segregation of F 2 population for Botrytis gray mold resistance in interspecific derivatives of Cicer (ICRISAT, Patancheru, 2005/06 post-rainy season) Cross Resistant Susceptible Ratio χ 2 P ICC 4951 x IG 73074 3 30 1:3 4.45 (0.05-0.01) ICC 4954 x ICC 17159 1 38 1:3 10.5 (0.01-0.001) ICC 4954 x IG 73074 12 51 1:3 1.19 (0.3-0.2) ICC 10136 x ICC 17159 4 10 1:3 0.09 (0.8-0.7) ICC 10136 x IG 73074 7 23 1:3 0.04 (0.9-0.8) Nalini Mallikarjuna and Suresh Pande Progress reported towards the achievement of milestone for 2010 will contribute towards achievement of the milestones listed below. Milestone: Ten advanced generation interspecific derivatives screened for Helicoverpa, AB and BGM in target locations in India (NM/HCS/SP/PMG) 2012 Milestone: Wild relatives with diverse mechanisms of resistance to Helicoverpa, AB, and BGM identified (HCS/SP/NM) 2009 Evaluation of wild relatives of chickpea for resistance to Helicoverpa armigera: We evaluated seven accessions of wild relatives of chickpea, along with resistant (ICC 506) susceptible (ICCC 37, ICC 3137, and L 550) lines of the cultivated chickpea for resistance to pod borer, H. armigera using detached leaf assay. Ten neonate larvae of H. armigera were released on fresh terminal branches of the test genotypes embedded in 3% agar-agar in 250 ml plastic cups. There were five replications in a completely randomized design. Observations were recorded on weights of the larvae on 10 th day after initiating the experiment. The larvae weighed 41.3 to 61.6 mg per larva when reared on IG 70034 (Cicer judaicum), ICC 17148 (C. microphyllum), IG 70006 (C. bijugum), and ICC 69979 (C. cuneatum) compared to 74.2 to 79.6 mg on C. reticulatum (IG 72933 and IG 72953), 141.5 mg on Annigeri, 188.6 mg on ICC 506, 225.2 mg on L 550, and 222.3 mg on ICC 3137. The results suggested high levels of antibiosis to H. armigera in the wild relatives of chickpea belonging to the tertiary gene pool (C. judaicum, C. bijugum, C. cuneatum, and C. microphyllum), and moderate levels of resistance in the secondary gene pool (C. reticulatum), and low levels in the cultigen. In another experiment, 12 accessions of wild relatives were tested along with resistant (ICC 506) and susceptible (ICC 3137) checks under greenhouse and field conditions. The terminal branches were infested with 10 neonate larvae of H. armigera using detached leaf assy. At five days after initiating the experiment, the larval weights were lower on ICC 69979, IG 70032, IG 70034, and ICC 17248 (
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© International Crops Research Ins
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Project 1: Project 2: Project 3: Pr
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In April 2005 and again in August 2
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Handling new districts: Since 1970,
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food security for their families. E
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This PRA was followed by a structur
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vary by zone, household, and farm c
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The study hypothesizes that demand
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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Objectives: Identify production and
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Research, practice and coalition bu
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initial 2-3 years for smooth transi
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Based on the recommendation of the
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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social capital in the nexus of tech
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Scaling out of agricultural technol
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These economic research results hav
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due to population pressure and sub-
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Exploring the dynamics of poverty i
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in the rural Indian diet over the p
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analysis of the sources of risk, ef
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problems that would otherwise invol
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Milestone A.1.1.5: Priorities areas
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environment two entries (2130 - 232
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Output target A.4: Germplasm access
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Milestone A.6.1.2: Wild and cultiva
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(Trifolium alexandrium) (50) and Lu
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greater inflorescence length than a
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Output target C.1: Core and mini co
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Pearl millet: We constituted a pear
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Table 5. Number of missing data, al
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analyses showed a strong genetic st
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Desi (1668); Kabuli (1167); Interme
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(Fig. 3), which maybe attributed to
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Milestone C.3.1.18: Diversity and p
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Milestone C.4.1.2: Core collection
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Milestone C.5.1.8: Foxtail core set
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in both groups. Among the genotypes
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The genotyping of reference collect
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Output target C.9: Broadening the g
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Activity C.11.3: Comparative genomi
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Milestone D.2.1.2: DNA extracts of
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IPC 804 x 81B ) and two tester line
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Project 3 Producing more and better
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during the ongoing off-season. Geno
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glumes make threshing difficult. Th
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organizations, and development proj
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To help guide ICRISAT and West-Afri
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Trait Units Minimum Maximum Mean St
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Activity 3B3.1: Farmer-participator
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Activity 3B6.1: Screening groundnut
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two countries. Formal release has b
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Information was also disseminated u
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Milestone A1.1.2: At least one new
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for localized breeding and testing
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The pearl millet variety SDMV 90031
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Output Targets A6: High yielding fa
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will be implemented through researc
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interpreted with caution. Different
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Activity A9.3: Share seed of improv
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proven in target areas. This projec
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Output Target B5: New backcross pop
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Activity C2.2: Understand the in si
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Output 4D: Technological options an
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Project 5 Producing more and better
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IS 14384. At 18 days after seedling
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SFRIL 651151, SFRIL 65278, IS 2205,
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Grain mold resistance in selections
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complete block design with three re
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In another nursery, 384 F 5 s deriv
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Sweet sorghum male-sterile line dev
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Seed supplies: A total of 1768 seed
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through bulk storage and marketing
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days and 34 flowered in 56−60 day
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advancement. These 352 progenies al
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and 834B had 95−98% DM incidence
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(check IPC 804 flowered in 50 days)
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Milestone 5A.4.1.1: QTL mapping bas
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Page 170 and 171: The phenotyping of F 6 inbred proge
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Page 220 and 221: Activity 6A.1.2: Developing QTL map
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Page 228 and 229: Activity 6B.1.2: Mapping and marker
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Page 240 and 241: Table 2. Screening different botani
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Table 7B 7. Summary of benefits fro
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ensure internalization of the sugge
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goat and cattle management and mark
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and risk coping strategies of pasto
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indicators of biodiversity loss, an
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iological condition as a prerequisi
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West and Central Africa • Pomme d
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grazing (in the still grazed plots)
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2.2.4 Contribution to the overall D
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example, phane is sold dried withou
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with sub outcropping that geologica
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2.1.2 How is it implemented? Napcod
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Table 4. Six selected FIRMs, their
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Key problem Key manifestations Effe
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Key problem Socioeconomic condition
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2.1.4 Contribution to the overall D
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2.1.5 Projected potential impact Wi
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production and rehabilitating the d
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2.6.2 How is it implemented? Survey
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leaf manure. Similarly, mango produ
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This work is carried out in close c
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indigenous knowledge; Output 1.6 -
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3. Use of fertilizer micro dosing t
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sources of income for the rural com
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2.3.3 Up-scaling the technology The
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The conversion of local Ziziphus us
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• The re-appearance of some wild
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D. Mali 1. The context Land degrada
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2.2.5 Projected potential impact
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afford. Another constraint to rehab
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In all the four countries in WCA, e
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Project Title “An aflatoxin risk
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Figure 9A.2. Schematic representati
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Milestones contributing to Output 9
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Unfortunately, for most countries g
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and grain production in almost all
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a) N stress in the rotation - resid
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the proposition that resource const
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Box 9B2 Project initiatives that ar
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• Fatondji D. Martius C., Bielder
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potential for use by smallholder fa
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The first step in the collaboration
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Table 9B6.Yield of soybean and sunf
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ii. Long Term Trends In Climate And
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Table 9B11. Manure effects on the w
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Each participating farmer grew crop
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fodder (2.43 t ha -1 ) yields acros
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additional technological and resour
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Specific Objectives: • Set up a c
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learned by piloting the development
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Journal Articles: Deb UK and BANTIL
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Journal Articles: Kulkarni VN, Rai
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Journal Articles: Piara Singh, D VI
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Journal Articles: Shiferaw B, Obare
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Conference Proceedings: Akponikpe P
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Conference Proceedings: Monyo ES, M
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Conference Proceedings: Shiferaw B,
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Conference Proceedings: Montpellier
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Book Chapters: Prabhakar Pathak. 20
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Book Chapters: Wani SP, MEERA REDDY
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Monographs: MATI BM. 2006. Prelimin
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Abstracts: Kileshye Onema J-M, Mazv
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Brochures/Pamphlets: Hoisington D.
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Invited Seminars: Dar WD, BHATNAGAR
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Invited Seminars: December 2006, Sc
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Invited Seminars: Management in Eth
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Invited Seminars: Rupela OP. 2006.
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Invited Seminars: Telugu/English Ne
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Invited Seminars: Vadez V, Hash CT,
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Manuals: Diouf A and Pasternak D. 2
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News Articles/Newsletter: Pradesh,
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News Articles/Newsletter: Shapiro B
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Poster Papers: BHATNAGAR-MATHUR P,
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Poster Papers: Johansen C, Musa AM,
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Poster Papers: Parthasarathy Rao P,
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Poster Papers: Upadhyaya HD, BHATTA
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Electronic modules (Websites) devel
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Appendix 2. List of Staff Internati
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Name Title Ashok Alur Project Coord
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Visiting Scientists Consultants Nam
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