ICRISAT Archival Report 2006 - The seedlings of success in the ...

Nalini Mallikarjuna
Milestone: Multilocational trials of five A. flavus resistant/low aflatoxin producing interspecific derivatives
conducted in target locations in India (FW/NM/RA/PLK) 2012
Activity 6C.4.2: Evaluate various soil amendments and biocontrol agents for reducing pre-harvest A. flavus/
aflatoxin contamination in groundnut
Milestones: Efficacy of pseudomonas and actinomycets in preventing pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination
determined (FW) 2008
Milestones: Integrated management package using various soil amendments and biocontrol agents, for preventing
pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination developed (FW) 2009
Output targets 6C.5: Effective and eco- friendly IPM technologies designed, evaluated , and shared for the
management of insect pests in legumes
Activity 6C.5.1: Impact of the village level bio-pesticide production on the effective implementation of IPM
Milestone: Impact of village level bio-pesticide production and utilization documented (GVRR) 2007
Production and utilization of HaNPV at village level: During 2006, emphasis was placed on establishing biopesticide
units and imparting training on HaNPV production to farmers and extension officers. In this process, 27
HaNPV production units in India and 10 in Nepal have been established after extensive training of farmers and
extension staff from each location. Through these interactions (on site training and village wide interactions), this
project has influenced the farmers in judicious use of pesticides in plant protection, and the importance of use of
protective clothing while carrying out the spraying. Farmers in these villages have adopted the concept of integrated
pest management (IPM) and initiated the bio-pesticide production (range 1000 - 10,000 LE among the units), and
using the product on different crops (chickpea, cotton, and vegetables) covering an area of about 10 – 50 ha under
each unit.
GV Ranga Rao
Milestone: Rural stakeholders trained in biopesticide production and utilization and relevant rural enterprise
initiated (OPR) 2009
Activity 6C.5.2: Develop technologies for production, storage, and utilization of entomopathogenic strains of
NPV, bacteria, fungi and botanicals with insecticidal properties
Milestone: Virulent strains of entomopathogenic NPV, bacteria, fungi, and botanicals with insecticidal properties
identified (GVRR/OPR/HCS) 2007
Evaluation of botanicals with insecticidal properties: Eleven indigenous plant materials (Cleistanthus collinus,
Calotropis gigantea, Pongamia glabra, Artemisia dubia, Sphaeranthus indicus, Cassia occidentalis, Chloroxylon
swietensia, Vitex negundo, Madhuca indica, Strychnos nuxvomica, and Strychnos pototorum) known for insecticidal
properties, were collected from Andhra Pradesh and Chhattisgarh (India),and evaluated against tobacco caterpillar,
Spodoptera litura larvae. The water extracts of these products tested against second/fourth instar larvae clearly
indicated the superiority of Cleistanthus collinus, Calotropis gigantia (leaf extracts), and Pongamia glabra (seed
extract) in suppressing the growth and development of S. litura. Though none of these plant extracts showed larval
mortality, significant reduction in larval growth rate was observed, indicating the antifeedant/antibiotic properties of
the extracts. Among the 11 plant materials tested, Cleistanthus collinus, Pongamia glabra, and Calotropis gigantia
resulted in slower growth rates of 1.78, 1.96, and 2.07, respectively, compared to 2.74 in untreated control. This
resulted in a reduction of 35, 28, and 24% in larval growth rate in comparison to the untreated larvae. Further studies
will be carried out to make use of these products in future IPM programs.
GV Ranga Rao
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