ICRISAT Archival Report 2006 - The seedlings of success in the ...

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Trait Units Minimum Maximum Mean Standard Error Heritability Stem Diameter Cm 1.4 2.5 1.9 0.1 0.71 Stem Internode Length Observed Cm 4.5 23.8 12.1 0.8 0.97 Stem Length Cm 65 252 137 8.9 0.95 Leaf Percent % 26 58 41 2.2 0.88 Heading date joulian d 260 287 275 1.5 0.92 Grain yield g m2 22 249 129 23.0 0.74 Harvest Index % 13 43 28 2.3 0.88 Shorter stem internode length was correlated with higher stem organic-matter digestibility (r= -0.64), indicating that approximately 40% of variation for stem digestibility due simply to stem internode lengths. Entries with very short internode (
The relationship of IVD-OM with grain yield was weak (r= -0.44), with combination of higher yield and digestibility being possible. Surprisingly, high stem digestibility was association with later flowering (r=0.78) (all average to late heading (270-285 days) entries had IVD-OM >30%). This may be due in part to later flowering being associated with lower harvest index (r=-0.74), and low harvest index being associated with higher digestibility (r=-0.62). The major conclusions that can be drawn from these results are 1) new dual-purpose sorghum varieties with substantially superior stover quality and acceptable grain yield can be developed for West Africa, 2) the dwarf (short stem internode) phenotype is associated with improved stover quality, although considerable variation for quality exists within dwarf phenotypes and thus, 3) in vitro and/or in vivo assessment of stover quality of promising varieties are necessary to develop superior dual-purpose types that maximize total productivity and value of the crop/livestock systems. HFW Rattunde, Eva Weltzien and D Bastinelli Activity 3B2.4: Develop farmer preferred Striga resistant varieties of sorghum and options for integrated Striga management. Milestone: Transfer of Striga resistance QTL’s into at least on guinea race variety adapted to the Sudanian zone of WCA (2009) BC2F1 were developed at IER, and are presently being analysed for specific markers for positive selection for he presence of he desired QTL’s as well as for background selection for the target genotype. D Kiambi with IER, BeCA Approach tested for adapting integrated Striga control options to specific cropping systems in collaboration with farmers (2008) A farmer field school methodology was adapted to work with pearl millet farmers on integrated Striga management options in Sahelian cropping systems. The approach was tested in two clusters of 6 villages each. Results indicate that the chosen combination of treatments resulted in a reduction of the amount of Striga seed in the soil. T van Mourik and E Weltzien Quantification of interaction between different Striga management options on Striga seed bank dynamics in the soil (2008) In both sorghum and pearl millet systems the factorial combinations of three control options, varietal resistance, intercropping, and organic amendments were evaluated in on-station trials at Samanko and Sadore. T van Mourik, E Weltzien and BIG Haussmann Output target 3B3: New farmer-preferred pearl millet and sorghum cultivars with improved yields The development of superior finished varieties is necessary in WCA, because many national programs have poorly supported breeding programs. They are also necessary as a proof of concept in this region, where farmer managed yield improvements have been rarely manifested for newly developed varieties of local dryland cereals. For pearl millet our efforts at variety improvement have re-started this year in several target production systems across the WCA region. New guinea race sorghum varieties (tall and dwarf) are showing consistent yield improvements in farmer manage trails, primarily in the Soudanian zone. We have initiated efforts to increasingly target the southern Sahelian zone, as well as the northern Guinean zone. An initial effort at mapping the adaptation of specific guinea race sorghum varieties, based on their photoperiod response, and thus time of maturation, has resulted in products that give some broad indications, but lend themselves to explaining issues of varietal adaptation to those involved in developing seed sector innovations, regionalizing seed policies, and preparing for seed distribution or commercialization. 95
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© International Crops Research Ins
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Project 1: Project 2: Project 3: Pr
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In April 2005 and again in August 2
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Handling new districts: Since 1970,
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food security for their families. E
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This PRA was followed by a structur
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vary by zone, household, and farm c
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The study hypothesizes that demand
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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Objectives: Identify production and
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Research, practice and coalition bu
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initial 2-3 years for smooth transi
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Based on the recommendation of the
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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social capital in the nexus of tech
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Scaling out of agricultural technol
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These economic research results hav
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due to population pressure and sub-
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Exploring the dynamics of poverty i
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in the rural Indian diet over the p
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analysis of the sources of risk, ef
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problems that would otherwise invol
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Milestone A.1.1.5: Priorities areas
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Page 50 and 51: Output target A.4: Germplasm access
Page 52 and 53: Milestone A.6.1.2: Wild and cultiva
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Page 58 and 59: Output target C.1: Core and mini co
Page 60 and 61: Pearl millet: We constituted a pear
Page 62 and 63: Table 5. Number of missing data, al
Page 64 and 65: analyses showed a strong genetic st
Page 66 and 67: Desi (1668); Kabuli (1167); Interme
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Page 70 and 71: Milestone C.3.1.18: Diversity and p
Page 72 and 73: Milestone C.4.1.2: Core collection
Page 74 and 75: Milestone C.5.1.8: Foxtail core set
Page 76 and 77: in both groups. Among the genotypes
Page 78 and 79: The genotyping of reference collect
Page 80 and 81: Output target C.9: Broadening the g
Page 82 and 83: Activity C.11.3: Comparative genomi
Page 84 and 85: Milestone D.2.1.2: DNA extracts of
Page 86 and 87: IPC 804 x 81B ) and two tester line
Page 88 and 89: Project 3 Producing more and better
Page 90 and 91: during the ongoing off-season. Geno
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Page 96 and 97: To help guide ICRISAT and West-Afri
Page 100 and 101: Activity 3B3.1: Farmer-participator
Page 102 and 103: Activity 3B6.1: Screening groundnut
Page 104 and 105: two countries. Formal release has b
Page 106 and 107: Information was also disseminated u
Page 108 and 109: Milestone A1.1.2: At least one new
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Page 112 and 113: The pearl millet variety SDMV 90031
Page 114 and 115: Output Targets A6: High yielding fa
Page 116 and 117: will be implemented through researc
Page 118 and 119: interpreted with caution. Different
Page 120 and 121: Activity A9.3: Share seed of improv
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Page 124 and 125: Output Target B5: New backcross pop
Page 126 and 127: Activity C2.2: Understand the in si
Page 128 and 129: Output 4D: Technological options an
Page 130 and 131: Project 5 Producing more and better
Page 132 and 133: IS 14384. At 18 days after seedling
Page 134 and 135: SFRIL 651151, SFRIL 65278, IS 2205,
Page 136 and 137: Grain mold resistance in selections
Page 138 and 139: complete block design with three re
Page 140 and 141: In another nursery, 384 F 5 s deriv
Page 142 and 143: Sweet sorghum male-sterile line dev
Page 144 and 145: Seed supplies: A total of 1768 seed
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days and 34 flowered in 56−60 day
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advancement. These 352 progenies al
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and 834B had 95−98% DM incidence
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(check IPC 804 flowered in 50 days)
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Milestone 5A.4.1.1: QTL mapping bas
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Milestone 5A.5.1.2: Spatial and tem
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Milestone 5A.7.1.2: Genetical studi
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fertile hybrids, the promising comb
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Milestone 5A.4.1.2: A hybrid seed p
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Milestone 5A.7.1.3: Technical infor
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Milestone 5B.2.1: Putative relation
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The phenotyping of F 6 inbred proge
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Milestone 5B.4.1.1: An effective P-
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I. Sorghum Output target 5C.1: Sorg
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Activity 5C.1.2: Conduct inheritanc
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highest levels of both Fe and Zn, w
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18 16 14 No. of progenies 12 10 8 6
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Project 6 Producing more and better
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equired for disease development. Di
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In the advanced Spanish type trial
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TSV infection was recorded both on
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Genotype Generation Wild species us
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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LAD% (JL 24-P2
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Milestone: Five promising TSVcp tra
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BPP43-BP-BP-BP) asymptomatic and th
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a 1 - 9 rating scale. No resistance
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cross, the F 2 plants were classifi
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UAS Dharwad-ICRISAT collaborative r
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selection of material for use as pa
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damage, numbers of eggs laid, larva
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Characterization of variability in
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Milestone: 50 transgenic events of
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Of the 28 entries tested, 27 entrie
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Activity 6A.1.2: Genetically divers
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Wide crosses for pod borer resistan
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Activity 6A.1.1: Selecting high bio
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Activity 6A.1.2: Developing QTL map
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ICRISAT, 8 lines (2.6-1.6 ± 0.13 t
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The transcription factor DREB1A, wh
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Milestone: At least 8 promising tra
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Activity 6B.1.2: Mapping and marker
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Pigeonpea Output B. Annually knowle
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Progress reported towards the achie
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Milestone: Two best transgenic grou
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Milestone: At least 10 - 15 crosses
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Milestone: Botanicals with ability
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Table 2. Screening different botani
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plots. The results clearly suggest
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During the Annual Rabi/Summer Seaso
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Project 7 Reducing Rural Poverty th
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from both savings in inputs (labor
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Tomatoes Tomatoes are the most popu
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Citrulus lanatus Watermelon Malali
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guidelines were understood from pro
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Table 7B4. Income distribution of f
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Table 7B 7. Summary of benefits fro
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ensure internalization of the sugge
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goat and cattle management and mark
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and risk coping strategies of pasto
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indicators of biodiversity loss, an
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iological condition as a prerequisi
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West and Central Africa • Pomme d
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grazing (in the still grazed plots)
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2.2.4 Contribution to the overall D
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example, phane is sold dried withou
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with sub outcropping that geologica
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2.1.2 How is it implemented? Napcod
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Table 4. Six selected FIRMs, their
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Key problem Key manifestations Effe
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Key problem Socioeconomic condition
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2.1.4 Contribution to the overall D
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2.1.5 Projected potential impact Wi
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production and rehabilitating the d
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2.6.2 How is it implemented? Survey
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leaf manure. Similarly, mango produ
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This work is carried out in close c
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indigenous knowledge; Output 1.6 -
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3. Use of fertilizer micro dosing t
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sources of income for the rural com
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2.3.3 Up-scaling the technology The
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The conversion of local Ziziphus us
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• The re-appearance of some wild
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D. Mali 1. The context Land degrada
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2.2.5 Projected potential impact
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afford. Another constraint to rehab
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In all the four countries in WCA, e
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Project Title “An aflatoxin risk
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Figure 9A.2. Schematic representati
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Milestones contributing to Output 9
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Unfortunately, for most countries g
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and grain production in almost all
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a) N stress in the rotation - resid
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the proposition that resource const
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Box 9B2 Project initiatives that ar
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• Fatondji D. Martius C., Bielder
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potential for use by smallholder fa
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The first step in the collaboration
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Table 9B6.Yield of soybean and sunf
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ii. Long Term Trends In Climate And
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Table 9B11. Manure effects on the w
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Each participating farmer grew crop
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fodder (2.43 t ha -1 ) yields acros
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additional technological and resour
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Specific Objectives: • Set up a c
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learned by piloting the development
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Journal Articles: Deb UK and BANTIL
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Journal Articles: Kulkarni VN, Rai
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Journal Articles: Piara Singh, D VI
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Journal Articles: Shiferaw B, Obare
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Conference Proceedings: Akponikpe P
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Conference Proceedings: Monyo ES, M
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Conference Proceedings: Shiferaw B,
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Conference Proceedings: Montpellier
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Book Chapters: Prabhakar Pathak. 20
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Book Chapters: Wani SP, MEERA REDDY
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Monographs: MATI BM. 2006. Prelimin
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Abstracts: Kileshye Onema J-M, Mazv
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Brochures/Pamphlets: Hoisington D.
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Invited Seminars: Dar WD, BHATNAGAR
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Invited Seminars: December 2006, Sc
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Invited Seminars: Management in Eth
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Invited Seminars: Rupela OP. 2006.
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Invited Seminars: Telugu/English Ne
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Invited Seminars: Vadez V, Hash CT,
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Manuals: Diouf A and Pasternak D. 2
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News Articles/Newsletter: Pradesh,
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News Articles/Newsletter: Shapiro B
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Poster Papers: BHATNAGAR-MATHUR P,
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Poster Papers: Johansen C, Musa AM,
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Poster Papers: Parthasarathy Rao P,
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Poster Papers: Upadhyaya HD, BHATTA
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Electronic modules (Websites) devel
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Appendix 2. List of Staff Internati
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Name Title Ashok Alur Project Coord
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Visiting Scientists Consultants Nam
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