ICRISAT Archival Report 2006 - The seedlings of success in the ...

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Genotype Generation Wild species used in the cross 2005 2006 No: LCBG-34 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 2 2.3 LCBG-35 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 2 2.3 LCBG-36 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 2 2.3 LCBG-37 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 3 2.7 LCBG-38 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 3 2.0 LCBG-39 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 2 2.3 LCBG-40 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 2 2.0 LCBP-41 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 2 2.3 LCBP-42 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 3 2.3 LCBP-43 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 3 2.3 LCBP-44 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 3 2.3 LCBP-45 BC5F6 A. hypogaea x A. cardenasii 2 2.3 Farid Waliyar, Nalini Mallikarjuna and Lava Kumar Milestone: 8 - 10 selected advanced breeding lines in each country evaluated for local adaptation and farmerpreferred traits in farmers’ fields in SAT Asia (Special Projects) (SNN/RA/FW/PLK) 2009 With the aim of selecting farmer-preferred varieties under moisture stress and popularize them, an Integrated Scheme of Oilseeds, Pulses, Oilpalm and Maize (ISOPOM)-funded project on “Farmers participatory groundnut improvement in rainfed cropping systems” was launched in 2006. The project is being implemented by ICRISAT and National Research Centre for Groundnut (NRCG) in Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, and Gujarat. Anantapur and Chittoor districts were selected for project implementation in Andhra Pradesh. A farmer participatory varietal selection (FPVS) trial consisting of 9 varieties (K 1271, K 1375, TCGS 888, TPT 25, ICGV 00350, ICGV 00308, ICGV 86015, ICGV 91114, and a local control) was conducted in five villages (Varigireddipalli in Kadiri, Potharajukalava and Medhapuram in Anantapur, and Seenapagaripalli and Marikuntapalli in Chittoor), and also at all the three research stations (Agricultural Research Station, Kadiri and Anantapur; and Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati) in Andhra Pradesh . Results of the FPVS Mother-baby trials would be available in the near future. SN Nigam and R Aruna Progress reported towards the achievement of milestone for 2007 above will contribute towards achievement of the milestones listed below. Milestone: Five interspecific derivatives of groundnut evaluated for TSV and peanut bud necrosis virus (PBNV) diseases and promising lines identified (NM/FW/PLK/SNN/RA) 2010 Milestone: Field trials of five stable, promising interspecific derivatives conducted in target location for LLS resistance and yield (NM/FW/PLK/SNN/RA) 2011 Milestone: Field trials of three stable and promising derivatives for TSV and peanut bud necrosis diseases conducted in Anantapur and other target locations (NM/FW/PLK/SNN/RA) 2012 Activity 6A.1.2: Develop a better understanding of inheritance of components of resistance to late leaf spot (LLS), confectionery traits, and traits associated with drought tolerance (specific leaf area (SLA), and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) Milestone: Knowledge of inheritance of components of resistance to LLS in three crosses gained and appropriate breeding strategy devised (SNN/RA/FW) 2008 Inheritance of components of resistance to rust and LLS: Two LLS resistant germplasm lines (ICG 11337 and ICG 13919) and a susceptible variety JL 24 were used as parents in straight and reciprocal crosses for developing the materials for studying the inheritance of components of LLS resistance. Under controlled environmental 186
conditions, fully expanded quadrifoliate leaves of 45 days old plants (third or fourth from the top) of each line were excised and planted in sand cultures (roughly 1.5 cm thick) in plastic trays (39.5 × 29 × 7 cm). In each tray, 20 leaflets were planted and the trays were covered with plastic bags and incubated in the growth chamber at 24 ºC and 85% relative humidity. The LLS inoculum (30000 spores ml -1 ) was sprayed on both the surfaces of each leaflet. Some plants showed latent period (LP) of 30 - 36 days after inoculation and 2 - 5 lesions with minimum lesion diameter (6.0. Data showed that the segregation is very high in the crosses, and there were no differences in the parent line plants (Table 4). Table 4. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), disease score, and leaf area damage (LAD) in F 3 progenies (ICRISAT, Patancheru, 2006 rainy season). Crosses No of AUDPC Score * LAD (%) * Progenies Mean Min Max Mean Min Max Mean Min Max (JL 24-P2 x ICG 11337-P2) 166 1567 500 2581 6 2 9 51 5 95 (JL 24-P5 x ICG 11337-P5) 18 1687 816 2485 6 3 8 41 10 80 (JL 24-P6 x ICG 13919-P6) 134 1411 568 2265 6 2 9 43 5 95 (JL 24-P8 x ICG 13919-P8) 118 1534 511 2459 6 4 9 46 10 95 ICG 11337 1 752 647 935 3 3 3 9 6 10 ICG 13919 1 719 593 813 3 3 4 10 6 12 JL 24 1 1779 1553 1987 9 9 9 100 95 100 * Score = Late leaf spot disease score on 1 - 9 scale; LAD = Leaf area damage (%) at 110 days after sowing. Based on mean data of all the plants in each progeny, four progenies and two parent lines showed resistance to LLS with score of 3.0, 38 progenies showed a disease score of 4.0, 79 had score of 5.0, and the remaining progenies recorded a score of 6 - 9 on 1 - 9 scale. Leaf area damage was 7.5 - 95.5%. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was observed in a range from 615 to 2285 among the progenies at 110 days after sowing. Taking the mean data of all the plants and progenies in each cross, it was observed that the AUDPC, disease score and leaf area damage were more than double in JL 24 and in crosses, compared to ICG 11337 and ICG 13919 parent lines (Fig. 4a, b). 187
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© International Crops Research Ins
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Project 1: Project 2: Project 3: Pr
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In April 2005 and again in August 2
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Handling new districts: Since 1970,
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food security for their families. E
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This PRA was followed by a structur
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vary by zone, household, and farm c
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The study hypothesizes that demand
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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Objectives: Identify production and
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Research, practice and coalition bu
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initial 2-3 years for smooth transi
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Based on the recommendation of the
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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social capital in the nexus of tech
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Scaling out of agricultural technol
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These economic research results hav
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due to population pressure and sub-
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Exploring the dynamics of poverty i
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in the rural Indian diet over the p
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analysis of the sources of risk, ef
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problems that would otherwise invol
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Milestone A.1.1.5: Priorities areas
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environment two entries (2130 - 232
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Output target A.4: Germplasm access
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Milestone A.6.1.2: Wild and cultiva
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(Trifolium alexandrium) (50) and Lu
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greater inflorescence length than a
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Output target C.1: Core and mini co
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Pearl millet: We constituted a pear
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Table 5. Number of missing data, al
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analyses showed a strong genetic st
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Desi (1668); Kabuli (1167); Interme
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(Fig. 3), which maybe attributed to
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Milestone C.3.1.18: Diversity and p
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Milestone C.4.1.2: Core collection
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Milestone C.5.1.8: Foxtail core set
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in both groups. Among the genotypes
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The genotyping of reference collect
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Output target C.9: Broadening the g
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Activity C.11.3: Comparative genomi
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Milestone D.2.1.2: DNA extracts of
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IPC 804 x 81B ) and two tester line
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Project 3 Producing more and better
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during the ongoing off-season. Geno
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glumes make threshing difficult. Th
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organizations, and development proj
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To help guide ICRISAT and West-Afri
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Trait Units Minimum Maximum Mean St
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Activity 3B3.1: Farmer-participator
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Activity 3B6.1: Screening groundnut
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two countries. Formal release has b
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Information was also disseminated u
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Milestone A1.1.2: At least one new
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for localized breeding and testing
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The pearl millet variety SDMV 90031
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Output Targets A6: High yielding fa
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will be implemented through researc
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interpreted with caution. Different
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Activity A9.3: Share seed of improv
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proven in target areas. This projec
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Output Target B5: New backcross pop
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Activity C2.2: Understand the in si
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Output 4D: Technological options an
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Project 5 Producing more and better
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IS 14384. At 18 days after seedling
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SFRIL 651151, SFRIL 65278, IS 2205,
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Grain mold resistance in selections
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complete block design with three re
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Page 168 and 169: Milestone 5B.2.1: Putative relation
Page 170 and 171: The phenotyping of F 6 inbred proge
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Page 176 and 177: Activity 5C.1.2: Conduct inheritanc
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Page 208 and 209: Characterization of variability in
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Page 218 and 219: Activity 6A.1.1: Selecting high bio
Page 220 and 221: Activity 6A.1.2: Developing QTL map
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Table 2. Screening different botani
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plots. The results clearly suggest
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During the Annual Rabi/Summer Seaso
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Project 7 Reducing Rural Poverty th
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from both savings in inputs (labor
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Tomatoes Tomatoes are the most popu
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Citrulus lanatus Watermelon Malali
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guidelines were understood from pro
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Table 7B4. Income distribution of f
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Table 7B 7. Summary of benefits fro
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ensure internalization of the sugge
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goat and cattle management and mark
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and risk coping strategies of pasto
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indicators of biodiversity loss, an
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iological condition as a prerequisi
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West and Central Africa • Pomme d
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grazing (in the still grazed plots)
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2.2.4 Contribution to the overall D
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example, phane is sold dried withou
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with sub outcropping that geologica
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2.1.2 How is it implemented? Napcod
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Table 4. Six selected FIRMs, their
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Key problem Key manifestations Effe
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Key problem Socioeconomic condition
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2.1.4 Contribution to the overall D
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2.1.5 Projected potential impact Wi
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production and rehabilitating the d
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2.6.2 How is it implemented? Survey
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leaf manure. Similarly, mango produ
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This work is carried out in close c
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indigenous knowledge; Output 1.6 -
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3. Use of fertilizer micro dosing t
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sources of income for the rural com
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2.3.3 Up-scaling the technology The
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The conversion of local Ziziphus us
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• The re-appearance of some wild
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D. Mali 1. The context Land degrada
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2.2.5 Projected potential impact
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afford. Another constraint to rehab
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In all the four countries in WCA, e
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Project Title “An aflatoxin risk
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Figure 9A.2. Schematic representati
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Milestones contributing to Output 9
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Unfortunately, for most countries g
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and grain production in almost all
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a) N stress in the rotation - resid
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the proposition that resource const
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Box 9B2 Project initiatives that ar
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• Fatondji D. Martius C., Bielder
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potential for use by smallholder fa
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The first step in the collaboration
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Table 9B6.Yield of soybean and sunf
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ii. Long Term Trends In Climate And
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Table 9B11. Manure effects on the w
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Each participating farmer grew crop
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fodder (2.43 t ha -1 ) yields acros
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additional technological and resour
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Specific Objectives: • Set up a c
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learned by piloting the development
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Journal Articles: Deb UK and BANTIL
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Journal Articles: Kulkarni VN, Rai
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Journal Articles: Piara Singh, D VI
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Journal Articles: Shiferaw B, Obare
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Conference Proceedings: Akponikpe P
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Conference Proceedings: Monyo ES, M
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Conference Proceedings: Shiferaw B,
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Conference Proceedings: Montpellier
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Book Chapters: Prabhakar Pathak. 20
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Book Chapters: Wani SP, MEERA REDDY
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Monographs: MATI BM. 2006. Prelimin
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Abstracts: Kileshye Onema J-M, Mazv
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Brochures/Pamphlets: Hoisington D.
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Invited Seminars: Dar WD, BHATNAGAR
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Invited Seminars: December 2006, Sc
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Invited Seminars: Management in Eth
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Invited Seminars: Rupela OP. 2006.
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Invited Seminars: Telugu/English Ne
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Invited Seminars: Vadez V, Hash CT,
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Manuals: Diouf A and Pasternak D. 2
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News Articles/Newsletter: Pradesh,
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News Articles/Newsletter: Shapiro B
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Poster Papers: BHATNAGAR-MATHUR P,
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Poster Papers: Johansen C, Musa AM,
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Poster Papers: Parthasarathy Rao P,
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Poster Papers: Upadhyaya HD, BHATTA
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Electronic modules (Websites) devel
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Appendix 2. List of Staff Internati
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Name Title Ashok Alur Project Coord
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Visiting Scientists Consultants Nam
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