ICRISAT Archival Report 2006 - The seedlings of success in the ...

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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LAD% (JL 24-P2 x ICG 11337- P2) Score (JL 24-P5 x ICG 11337- P5) (JL 24-P6 x ICG 13919- P6) (JL 24-P8 x ICG 13919- P8) Crosses ICG 11337 ICG 13919 JL 24 100 75 50 25 0 Crosses are mixed – Needs clarity (Spread) Fig. 4a. Disease score and leaf area damage at 110 days after sowing in F 3 crosses (mean of all progenies) (ICRISAT, Patancheru, 2006 rainy season). AUDPC 2000 1750 1500 1250 1000 750 500 250 0 AUDPC (JL 24-P2 x ICG 11337-P2) (JL 24-P5 x (JL 24-P6 x ICG 11337-P5) ICG 13919-P6) (JL 24-P8 x ICG 13919-P8) Crosses ICG 11337 ICG 13919 JL 24 Fig. 4b. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) of F 3 crosses (mean of all progenies of each cross) (ICRISAT, Patancheru, 2006 rainy season). Farid Waliyar, SN Nigam and R Aruna Milestone: Knowledge of inheritance of traits associated with drought tolerance in three crosses gained and appropriate breeding strategy devised (SNN/RA/VV) 2009 To study the inheritance of traits associated with drought tolerance, four crosses (ICGS 76 x ICGV 93291, ICGV 99029 x ICGV 91284, JL 24 x ICGV 86031, and ICR (Is this ICR or ICG?) 48 x ICGV 99029) and their reciprocals were made involving diverse parents with high and low values of SCMR (SPAD Chlorophyll Meter Reading) and SLA (Specific Leaf Area). The F 1 plants have been produced and backcrosses would be attempted in the 2006/2007 post-rainy season. SN Nigam and R Aruna Milestone: Knowledge of inheritance of confectionery traits in two crosses gained and appropriate breeding strategy devised (SNN/RA) 2009 To study the inheritance of confectionery and quality traits (seed characteristics, O/L ratio, oil and protein content, and blanching ability), parents, F 1s , F 2s and backcrosses of two crosses (Chico x ICGV 01393 and Chico x ICGV 02251) along with their reciprocals have been sown in a replicated trial during the 2006/2007 post-rainy season. SN Nigam and R Aruna 188
Milestone: Three mapping populations for LLS and two for confectionery traits developed (RA/SNN) 2009 Three mapping populations (ICG 11337 x JL 24, ICG 13919 x JL 24, and ICG 11337 x ICG 13919) involving diverse parents for reaction to LLS have been developed and the material is in F 4 stage. Two populations (ICGV 01393 x Chico and ICGV 02251 x Chico) for confectionery traits have also been developed and the material is in F 3 stage. SN Nigam and R Aruna Output target 6A.2: Promising transgenic events of groundnut for resistance to TSV and PBNV available for commercialization and introgression in locally adapted germplasm Activity 6A.2.1: Develop transgenic events of groundnut for resistance to TSV and evaluate their performance under contained greenhouse and field conditions Milestone: 100 transgenic events of groundnut with TSVcp gene developed and screened in contained greenhouse (KKS/PLK/SNN) 2007 Stem necrosis disease caused by the Tobacco streak virus (TSV) has emerged as a serious problem on groundnut in Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka, India. All the currently grown groundnut varieties are susceptible to the virus. Research has been initiated to incorporate resistance to TSV in groundnut by using TSV coat protein (TSVcp) gene through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of popular groundnut cultivars JL 24, TMV 2, and ICGV 91114. Twenty events, with six plants per event, were planted in the P 2 greenhouse. A cotyledonous leaflet was collected from 8 - 10 day old plants and analyzed for transgene by PCR assay, which revealed TSVcp transgene in 68 of 118 plants tested (58% transformation rate). At the 3-leaf plant growth stage (8 - 10 day old plants), all the 118 test plants [alongwith susceptible control (JL 24)] were inoculated by standard mechanical sap inoculation procedure using 1: 30 (w/v) TSV-affected French bean leaf sap extracts. All the inoculated plants developed necrotic symptoms on the inoculated leaves 7-days post inoculation and tested positive to TSV with ELISA. These plants were monitored at weekly intervals for systemic virus infection by testing newly emerged apical leaves by ELISA, and symptoms were recorded. All the non-transgenic plants (TSVcp gene negative in PCR assay) were susceptible to TSV and showed symptoms typical of TSV infection within 2-weeks post inoculation. Of the 68 transgenic plants (TSVcp gene positive), 24 plants (35.2%) showed negative reaction to TSV (no symptoms) or delayed expression of symptoms compared to controls. Delayed symptom expression (by 2 - 3 weeks compared to controls) was also observed in 42 plants (61.7%). After appearance of initial symptoms, disease progress was rapid leading to premature death of the plants. It is likely that these plants may have some tolerance at early growth stages offering resistance to virus spread, but this mechanism is not sufficient to protect plants at later stages. All the symptomatic plants, either transgenic or controls, tested positive to TSV with ELISA, and all asymptomatic plants were negative, indicating a correlation between virus presence and the stem necrosis disease. Eight plants from six events (1B, 1F, 3E, 4B, and 9C) did not show any systemic symptoms and non-inoculated leaves were TSV negative, indicating putative TSV resistance in these plants. Considering the fact that TSV was detected in the inoculated leaves of these plants and the lack of virus in the subsequently emerged leaves suggests a blockage in the systemic spread of virus, which seems to be responsible for the virus resistance. Delayed symptom expression (at the time of flowering) was observed on one or two branches in events 9B, 19B, and 22B. These plants apparently had normal growth pattern. It is likely that these plants may also have some resistance amounting to the protection. Further evaluation of these events is being continued. Recently, genetic transformation of groundnut cv. ICGV 91114 has also been undertaken to incorporate transgenic resistance to TSV using TSVcp gene. KK Sharma, Lava Kumar and Farid Waliyar Progress reported towards the achievement of milestone for 2007 above will contribute towards achievement of the milestones listed below. Milestone: At least 10 promising TSVcp transgenic events identified and the disease resistance characterized under contained green house conditions (KKS/PLK/SNN) 2008 189
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© International Crops Research Ins
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Project 1: Project 2: Project 3: Pr
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In April 2005 and again in August 2
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Handling new districts: Since 1970,
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food security for their families. E
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This PRA was followed by a structur
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vary by zone, household, and farm c
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The study hypothesizes that demand
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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Objectives: Identify production and
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Research, practice and coalition bu
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initial 2-3 years for smooth transi
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Based on the recommendation of the
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Collaborating Institutions and Scie
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social capital in the nexus of tech
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Scaling out of agricultural technol
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These economic research results hav
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due to population pressure and sub-
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Exploring the dynamics of poverty i
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in the rural Indian diet over the p
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analysis of the sources of risk, ef
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problems that would otherwise invol
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Milestone A.1.1.5: Priorities areas
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environment two entries (2130 - 232
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Output target A.4: Germplasm access
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Milestone A.6.1.2: Wild and cultiva
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(Trifolium alexandrium) (50) and Lu
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greater inflorescence length than a
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Output target C.1: Core and mini co
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Pearl millet: We constituted a pear
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Table 5. Number of missing data, al
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analyses showed a strong genetic st
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Desi (1668); Kabuli (1167); Interme
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(Fig. 3), which maybe attributed to
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Milestone C.3.1.18: Diversity and p
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Milestone C.4.1.2: Core collection
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Milestone C.5.1.8: Foxtail core set
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in both groups. Among the genotypes
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The genotyping of reference collect
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Output target C.9: Broadening the g
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Activity C.11.3: Comparative genomi
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Milestone D.2.1.2: DNA extracts of
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IPC 804 x 81B ) and two tester line
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Project 3 Producing more and better
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during the ongoing off-season. Geno
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glumes make threshing difficult. Th
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organizations, and development proj
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To help guide ICRISAT and West-Afri
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Trait Units Minimum Maximum Mean St
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Activity 3B3.1: Farmer-participator
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Activity 3B6.1: Screening groundnut
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two countries. Formal release has b
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Information was also disseminated u
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Milestone A1.1.2: At least one new
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for localized breeding and testing
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The pearl millet variety SDMV 90031
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Output Targets A6: High yielding fa
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will be implemented through researc
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interpreted with caution. Different
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Activity A9.3: Share seed of improv
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proven in target areas. This projec
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Output Target B5: New backcross pop
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Activity C2.2: Understand the in si
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Output 4D: Technological options an
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Project 5 Producing more and better
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IS 14384. At 18 days after seedling
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SFRIL 651151, SFRIL 65278, IS 2205,
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Grain mold resistance in selections
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complete block design with three re
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In another nursery, 384 F 5 s deriv
Page 142 and 143: Sweet sorghum male-sterile line dev
Page 144 and 145: Seed supplies: A total of 1768 seed
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Page 156 and 157: Milestone 5A.4.1.1: QTL mapping bas
Page 158 and 159: Milestone 5A.5.1.2: Spatial and tem
Page 160 and 161: Milestone 5A.7.1.2: Genetical studi
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Page 164 and 165: Milestone 5A.4.1.2: A hybrid seed p
Page 166 and 167: Milestone 5A.7.1.3: Technical infor
Page 168 and 169: Milestone 5B.2.1: Putative relation
Page 170 and 171: The phenotyping of F 6 inbred proge
Page 172 and 173: Milestone 5B.4.1.1: An effective P-
Page 174 and 175: I. Sorghum Output target 5C.1: Sorg
Page 176 and 177: Activity 5C.1.2: Conduct inheritanc
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Page 180 and 181: 18 16 14 No. of progenies 12 10 8 6
Page 182 and 183: Project 6 Producing more and better
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Page 186 and 187: In the advanced Spanish type trial
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Page 194 and 195: Milestone: Five promising TSVcp tra
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Page 208 and 209: Characterization of variability in
Page 210 and 211: Milestone: 50 transgenic events of
Page 212 and 213: Of the 28 entries tested, 27 entrie
Page 214 and 215: Activity 6A.1.2: Genetically divers
Page 216 and 217: Wide crosses for pod borer resistan
Page 218 and 219: Activity 6A.1.1: Selecting high bio
Page 220 and 221: Activity 6A.1.2: Developing QTL map
Page 222 and 223: ICRISAT, 8 lines (2.6-1.6 ± 0.13 t
Page 224 and 225: The transcription factor DREB1A, wh
Page 226 and 227: Milestone: At least 8 promising tra
Page 228 and 229: Activity 6B.1.2: Mapping and marker
Page 230 and 231: Pigeonpea Output B. Annually knowle
Page 232 and 233: Progress reported towards the achie
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Page 236 and 237: Milestone: At least 10 - 15 crosses
Page 238 and 239: Milestone: Botanicals with ability
Page 240 and 241: Table 2. Screening different botani
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plots. The results clearly suggest
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During the Annual Rabi/Summer Seaso
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Project 7 Reducing Rural Poverty th
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from both savings in inputs (labor
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Tomatoes Tomatoes are the most popu
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Citrulus lanatus Watermelon Malali
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guidelines were understood from pro
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Table 7B4. Income distribution of f
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Table 7B 7. Summary of benefits fro
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ensure internalization of the sugge
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goat and cattle management and mark
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and risk coping strategies of pasto
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indicators of biodiversity loss, an
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iological condition as a prerequisi
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West and Central Africa • Pomme d
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grazing (in the still grazed plots)
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2.2.4 Contribution to the overall D
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example, phane is sold dried withou
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with sub outcropping that geologica
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2.1.2 How is it implemented? Napcod
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Table 4. Six selected FIRMs, their
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Key problem Key manifestations Effe
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Key problem Socioeconomic condition
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2.1.4 Contribution to the overall D
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2.1.5 Projected potential impact Wi
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production and rehabilitating the d
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2.6.2 How is it implemented? Survey
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leaf manure. Similarly, mango produ
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This work is carried out in close c
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indigenous knowledge; Output 1.6 -
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3. Use of fertilizer micro dosing t
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sources of income for the rural com
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2.3.3 Up-scaling the technology The
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The conversion of local Ziziphus us
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• The re-appearance of some wild
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D. Mali 1. The context Land degrada
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2.2.5 Projected potential impact
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afford. Another constraint to rehab
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In all the four countries in WCA, e
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Project Title “An aflatoxin risk
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Figure 9A.2. Schematic representati
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Milestones contributing to Output 9
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Unfortunately, for most countries g
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and grain production in almost all
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a) N stress in the rotation - resid
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the proposition that resource const
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Box 9B2 Project initiatives that ar
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• Fatondji D. Martius C., Bielder
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potential for use by smallholder fa
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The first step in the collaboration
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Table 9B6.Yield of soybean and sunf
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ii. Long Term Trends In Climate And
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Table 9B11. Manure effects on the w
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Each participating farmer grew crop
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fodder (2.43 t ha -1 ) yields acros
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additional technological and resour
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Specific Objectives: • Set up a c
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learned by piloting the development
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Journal Articles: Deb UK and BANTIL
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Journal Articles: Kulkarni VN, Rai
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Journal Articles: Piara Singh, D VI
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Journal Articles: Shiferaw B, Obare
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Conference Proceedings: Akponikpe P
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Conference Proceedings: Monyo ES, M
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Conference Proceedings: Shiferaw B,
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Conference Proceedings: Montpellier
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Book Chapters: Prabhakar Pathak. 20
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Book Chapters: Wani SP, MEERA REDDY
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Monographs: MATI BM. 2006. Prelimin
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Abstracts: Kileshye Onema J-M, Mazv
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Brochures/Pamphlets: Hoisington D.
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Invited Seminars: Dar WD, BHATNAGAR
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Invited Seminars: December 2006, Sc
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Invited Seminars: Management in Eth
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Invited Seminars: Rupela OP. 2006.
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Invited Seminars: Telugu/English Ne
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Invited Seminars: Vadez V, Hash CT,
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Manuals: Diouf A and Pasternak D. 2
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News Articles/Newsletter: Pradesh,
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News Articles/Newsletter: Shapiro B
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Poster Papers: BHATNAGAR-MATHUR P,
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Poster Papers: Johansen C, Musa AM,
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Poster Papers: Parthasarathy Rao P,
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Poster Papers: Upadhyaya HD, BHATTA
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Electronic modules (Websites) devel
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Appendix 2. List of Staff Internati
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Name Title Ashok Alur Project Coord
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Visiting Scientists Consultants Nam
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