Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD (continued)
Study
Description Intervention
Inclusion/ Exclusion
Criteria/ Population
C-9
Baseline
Measures Outcomes
Withdrawal:
G1: 3.5 ± 2.5
Aggression:
G1: 1.3 ± 1.3
12 weeks:
Withdrawal:
G1: 3.6 ± 2.8
G1/BL: P = NS
G1/PT: P = NS
Aggression:
G1: 1.6 ± 1.7
G1/BL: P = NS
G1/PT: P = NS
Harms:
NR
Modifiers:
NR
Comments: * Initially, 40 children were assigned to G1 and 36 were assigned to G2 but 5 in G1 and 3 in G2 did not
complete 12 week assessments and are not included in baseline data.
Author:
Golan et al.
2010
Country:
US (NY), Israel,
UK
Practice
setting:
Academic Medical
Center
Intervention
setting:
Home
Enrollment
period:
NR
Funding:
NIHR CLAHRC
and the NHS
Foundation Trust
Author industry
relationship
disclosures:
NR
Design:
RCT
Intervention:
“The Transporters,” a
children’s animation
series on DVD with eight
vehicle characters moving
according to rule-based
motion
• intended to improve
understanding and
recognition of emotions
in 3-8 yr old ASD
children
• 15 five-minute
episodes, focusing on a
specific emotion or
mental state (happy,
sad, angry, afraid,
disgusted, surprised,
excited, tired, unfriendly,
kind, sorry, proud,
jealous, joking and
ashamed)
• includes quizzes related
to each episode
• parents given a guide to
the DVD and
encouraged to help
child to internalize and
apply learned material
to other situations
Exposure to DVD or
standard school
curriculum over a period
of 4 weeks, participants
tested before (Time 1)
and after (Time 2)
Inclusion criteria:
• Met Autism
Development Index –
Revised (ADI-R) and
Children’s Autism
Spectrum Test (CAST)
criteria for autism
spectrum disorder
Exclusion criteria:
• For typical control group
only - no history of
learning difficulties,
neurological, or
psychiatric disorders, or
close relations with ASD
Age, mean/yrs ± SD
(range):
G1: 5.6 ± 1.0 (4–7)
G2: 6.2 ± 1.0 (4–8)
G3: 5.4 ± 1.1 (4–7)
Mental age: NR
Gender:
M, n (%):
G1: 15
G2: 15
G3: 12
F, n (%):
G1: 5
G2: 4
G3: 6
Race/ethnicity:
NR
SES:
NR
Overall ratings:
CAST, mean ± SD
(range):
G1: 24.0 ± 6.2 (15–
33)
G2: 24.1 ± 5.4 (17–
33)
G3: 6.3 ± 3.2 (2–12)
Communication/
language:
Verbal ability, mean
± SD (range):
G1: 98.3 ± 10.7
(76–116)
G2: 99.4 ± 7.9 (86–
111)
G3: 103.3 ± 7.8
(89–115)
Emotional
Vocabulary, mean ±
SD:
(max = 16)
G1: 8.25 ± 2.81
G2: 9.17 ± 3.62
G3: 12.50 ± 2.26
Situation-Expression
Matching tasks
(SEM) Levels 1-3,
mean ± SD:
SEM-Level 1:
(max = 16)
G1: 8.65 ± 2.54
G2: 9.67 ± 2.57
G3: 11.94 ± 1.73
Communication/
language:
Emotional
Vocabulary,
score, mean ±
SD:
(max = 16)
G1: 12.50 ± 3.09
G2: 9.11 ± 3.45
G3: 13.06 ± 2.49
Group: P < 0.01
Time: P < 0.001
Group x time: P <
0.001
Situation-
Expression
Matching tasks
(SEM) Levels 1-3,
mean ± SD:
SEM-Level 1:
(max = 16)
G1: 13.00 ± 2.45
G2: 8.94 ± 2.34
G3: 12.39 ± 2.09
Group: P < 0.01
Time: P < 0.001
Group x time: P <
0.001
SEM-Level 2:
(max = 16)
G1: 13.45 ± 2.35
G2: 9.22 ± 2.69
G3: 12.94 ± 1.59
Group: P < 0.001
Time: P < 0.001