Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population
Akhondzadeh et
Other characteristics:
al., 2004
Weight, kg (SE):
(continued)
G1: 24.35 (1.29)
G2: 25.00 (1.49)
Comments: *Data only illustrated graphically.
**The between group difference was not significant for any side effects.
Author:
Aldred et al., 2004
Country:
UK
Practice
setting:
Academic
Intervention
setting:
Clinic
Enrollment
period:
NR
Funding:
Shirley foundation
Author industry
relationship
disclosures:
NR
Design:
RCT
Note: See Aldred,
Pollard, Phillips,
and Adams, 2001
(not included in
this report) for
description of
intervention
Intervention:
Social communication
intervention aiming to
increase the quality of
parental adaptation and
communication with
children with autism;
monthly treatment
sessions for 6 months
followed by 6 months of
less frequent
maintenance sessions
Assessments:
ADI at baseline; ADOS
modules 1 and 2 at
baseline and post
treatment; VABS, MCDI
and PSI (parent
completed), coding of 30minute
child/parent free
play session with
standardized toys to
record frequency of
communication acts (child
and parent), semantic
contingency, shared
attention; conducted at
baseline and end of 12
month follow-up
Groups:
G1: intervention and
routine care
G2: control (routine care
only)
Ga: aged 24-27 months,
Inclusion criteria:
• Ages 2-5:11 years
• Clinical diagnosis of
autism by assessing
professional
• Fulfilling full diagnostic
for classical autism on
the ADI
Exclusion criteria:
• Severe global
developmental delay
• Severe environmental
deprivation in infancy
• First language other
than English
• Diagnosed hearing
impairment
• Diagnosed visual
impairment
• Known chronic
psychiatric or physical
illness in parents
• No evidence of any
desire to interact with an
adult
Age, median months
(range):
G1: 48 (29-60)
G1a: 37.5 (29-45)
G1b: 44 (38-44)
G1c: 61 (51-70)
G1d: 60 (53-60
G2: 51 (24-71)
G2a: 42 (32-47)
C-332
Baseline
Measures Outcomes
Slow movement:
G1: 1
G2: 3
Restlessness:
G1: 1
G2: 4
Morning
drowsiness:
G1: 3
G2: 2
Increased
appetite:
G1: 9
G2: 4
Fatigue:
G1: 3
G2: 2
Modifiers:
NR
Overall ratings:
ADI score, median
(range):
G1: 44 (24-56)
G1a: 45 (24-56)
G1b: 40 (30-48)
G1c: 53 (50-56)
G1d: 38 (34-38)
G2: 38 (22-66)
G2a: 34 (22-62)
G2b: 36 (28-39)
G2c: 38 (22-66)
G2d: 52 (28-54)
ADOS total score,
median (range):
G1: 16.5 (11-21)
G1a:12.5 (11-16)
G1b: 20 (18-20)
G1c: 16 (11-17)
G1d: 21 (19-21)
G2: 16.5 (11-22)
G2a: 13 (11-15)
G2b: 19 (19-21)
G2c: 16 (11-16)
G2d: 20 (18-22)
ADOS total score,
mean ± SD:
G1: 16.1 ± 4.5
G1a: 12 ± 3.3
G1b: 19 ± 1.3
G1c: 14 ± 3.3
G1d: 20 ± 1
G2: 15.6 ± 4.9
G2a: 11 ± 2.3
G2b: 19 ± 1
Overall ratings:
ADOS total score:
mean ± SD:
G1: 11.8 ± 6.4
G1a: 6 ± 3.6
G1b: 13 ± 5.6
G1c: 11 ± 4.5
G1d: 17 ± 2.6
G2: 16.1 ± 4.4
G2a: 13 ± 4
G2b: 16 ± 4.3
G2c: 16 ± 1.3
G2d: 20 ± 0.6
Communication/
language:
MCDI raw score,
mean ± SD:
Language
comprehension:
G1: 222.7 ±
40,431*
G2: 146.8 ±
11,426*
G1/G2: P = 0.1
Expressive
language:
G1: 199.4 ±
25,606*
G2: 33.1 ± 683*
G1/G2: P < 0.001
Adaptive
behavior:
VABS
communication
score, mean ±