Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
Author:
Inclusion criteria: Overall ratings: Overall ratings:
Gutstein et al., Intervention:
• An interval of at least 30 ADOS rating, n (%): ADOS rating, n
2007
Relationship Development months between initial Autism: 10/12 (83) (%):
Country: Intervention (RDI): and follow-up testing Autism spectrum: Autism: 0
US
Practice
setting:
Specialty treatment
center
Intervention
setting:
Clinic
Enrollment
period:
January 2000 to
May 2003
Funding:
NR
Author industry
relationship
disclosures:
NR
Design:
Retrospective
case series
parents are trained in 6 • Previous diagnosis of 2/12 (17)
Autism spectrum:
days of workshops in RDI autism, Asperger’s Non-autism: 0 6/16 (38)
components to learn how syndrome, or PDD-NOS Communication/ Non-autism: 10/16
to provide opportunities • Participation in the RDI language: (63)
for their children to protocol
ADOS communica- Communication/
respond in more flexible, • Age at time of RDI tion score mean ± language:
thoughtful ways to novel, initiation 20-96 months SD (range): ADOS communi-
challenging, and • Pretreatment IQ ≥ 70 G1: 5.92 ± 1.975 cation score,
increasingly unpredictable Exclusion criteria: (2-10)
mean ± SD
settings and problems
• See inclusion criteria
ADOS social (range):
Assessments:
Age, months ± SD interaction score G1: 2.67 ± 0.99
ADOS, ADI-R, flexibility (range):
mean ± SD (range): (0-4)
interview (10 items related
60.50 ± 20.43 (20-94)
G1: 9.58 ± 2.968 G1/BL: P <
to child’s ability to adapt Mental age:
(3-13)
0.0001
to change and transition),
IQ, mean ± SD (range): ADI-R communica- ADOS social
and educational
90.50 ± 13.23 (70-118) tion + language interaction score
placement
Gender, n (%):
score, mean mean ± SD:
Groups:
Male: 15 (94)
(range):
(range):
G1: RDI training
Female: 1 (6)
G1: 10.6 (7.9-14.3) G1: 4.17 ± 2.44
Provider:
Race/ethnicity:
Age appropriate (0-9)
Parents
NR
flexibility, %: G1/BL: P < 0.004
SES:
Unexpected change ADI-R communi-
Duration, median
Maternal education: NR to familiar routines: cation + language
months in RDI (range) :
Household income: NR 12.5
score, mean
41.5 (33-79)
Diagnostic approach: Unexpected (range):
Measure of treatment
Referral
omission of a G1: 2.4 (0-5.7)
fidelity reported:
Diagnostic tool/method: routine activity: 18.8 G1/BL: P <
No
NR
Changes to 0.0001
Co-interventions held
Diagnostic category, n activities without Age appropriate
stable during treatment:
(%):
preparation: 25 flexibility, %:
NR
Autism: 5 (31)
Anticipating an Unexpected
Concomitant therapies:
Asperger’s syndrome: 7 event and
change to familiar
NR
(44)
encountering routines: 81.3
N at enrollment:
PDD-NOS: 4 (25)
another: 31.3 Unexpected
G1: 16
Other characteristics, n Unexpected actions omission of a
N at follow-up:
(%):
by familiar people: routine activity:
G1: 16
Language delays: 8 (50) 25
87.5
ADHD: 5 (31)
Interruption during a Changes to
Bipolar disorder: 1 (6) highly favored activities without
Food allergies: 1 (6) activity: 6.3 preparation: 81.3
Stopping a task Anticipating an
before it is finished: event and
12.5
encountering
Planning for things another: 75
that might go wrong: Unexpected
0
actions by familiar
people: 75
Interruption during
a highly favored
activity: 68.8
Gutstein et al.,
Adapting when Stopping a task
2007 (continued)
original plans don’t before it is
work out: 18.8 finished: 68.8
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