Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD (continued)
Study
Inclusion/ Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/ Population Measures Outcomes
Portugal according to weight: (i) • Developmental level or Total: 71.36 ± 25.73 P = 1.581x10
30 and functional Sociability: 19.27 ±
Practice 0.25mg until a maximum age > 18 months 8.22
setting: Clinic 1.0 mg; (ii) 20–45 kg— • Free of any medication Speech: 12.73 ±
beginning with 0.5mg until for ≥3 months 8.02
Intervention a maximum 2.0 mg; (iii) • Behavioral alterations Cognition: 15.69 ±
setting:
>45 kg—beginning with of clinical significance 7.50
Home
0.5mg until a maximum in the health/physical/ Behavior: 23.53 ±
Enrollment 3.0 mg. Dose adjusted to behavior subtest of the 8.37
period:
obtain clinical
ATEC (moderate or Nisonger Child
NR
improvement and
serious problem on ≥2 Behavior Rating
Funding: minimize motor and other items with no
Form (CBRF),
Fundacao para a side effects.
improvement after mean ± SD:
Ciencia e a Assessments:
adequate educational Compliant/calm:
Tecnologia (FCT) CBRF, ATEC, & BPI. and behavioral 5.56 ± 2.78
Author industry Final assessment at 12 intervention)
Adaptive/social:
relationship months
Exclusion criteria: 3.00 ± 2.26
disclosures: Groups:
• See inclusion criteria Conduct problem:
NR
G1: Risperidone
13.62 ± 6.65
Design:
Prospective case
series
Age, mean years ± SD Insecure/anxious:
Co-interventions held (range):
6.58 ± 6.04
stable during treatment: 8.67 ± 4.30 (3–21) Hyperactive: 17.33 ±
NR
Mental age, mean/yrs 5.41
(range):
Self-injury/
Frequency of contact NR
stereotyped: 3.20 ±
during study: at 1, 3, 6, Age at diagnosis mean ± 3.57
and 12 months
SD (range):
Self-isolated /
Concomitant therapies, 4.98 ± 2.99 (2–14) ritualistic: 4.13 ±
n (%): received
Gender, n (%):
3.00
antipsychotics, no details M: 34 (75.6)
Overly sensitive:
reported
F: 11 (24.4)
5.31 ± 3.77
N at enrollment:
Behavior Problems
G1: 45
N at follow-up:
G1: 31
Race/ethnicity, n (%):
Caucasian: 44 (97.8)
African: 1 (2.2)
SES:
Maternal education: NR
Household income: NR
Diagnostic approach:
NR
Diagnostic tool/method:
ADI-R and ADOS
Diagnostic category: NR
Inventory (BPI),
mean ± SD:
Self-injurious
behavior, frequency:
3.07 ± 3.85
Self-injurious
behavior, intensity:
2.27 ± 2.68
Stereotypic
behavior, frequency:
12.4 ± 10.16
Stereotypic
behavior, intensity:
7.80 ± 6.08
Aggressive/destructi
ve behavior,
frequency: 9.07 ±
9.97
-10
Social skills:
ATEC sociability,
mean ± SD:
9.29 ± 7.64
P=2.646x10 -11
Communication/
language:
ATEC speech,
mean ± SD:
8.32 ± 7.53
P = 1.373x10 -05
Repetitive
behavior:
CBRF selfinjury/stereotyped,
mean ± SD: 0.81
± 1.78
P = 2.364x10 -4
CBRF selfisolated/ritualistic,
mean ± SD:
1.90 ± 1.42
P = 3.336x10 -5
BPI stereotypic
behavior,
frequency, mean
± SD:
6.29 ± 6.88
P = 3.515x10 -3
BPI stereotypic
behavior,
intensity, mean ±
SD:
3.87 ± 3.98
P = 2.149x10 -3
Problem
behavior:
ATEC behavior,
mean ± SD:
6.55 ± 4.50
P = 3.211x10 -15
Correia et al.,
Other characteristics, n Aggressive/destructi CBRF conduct
2009 (continued)
(%):
ve behavior, problem, mean ±
Etiology:
intensity: 6.58 ± SD:
Idiopathic : 41 (91.1)
Fragile X: 2 (4.4)
6.81
3.58 ± 2.32
P = 2.529x10
Chromosomal
abnormalities: 1 (2.2)
-6
CBRF
hyperactive, mean
C-39