Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
N at follow-up:
G1: 10
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
Author:
Intervention:
Inclusion criteria: Social skills: Problem
Silva et al., 2008 Qigong sensory training • < 6 years old
VABS score, mean behavior:
Country: (QST) massage • Diagnosis of autism ± SD:
Autism Behavior
US
movements; 21 visits over • Enrolled in early Socialization: Checklist score,
Practice 5 months, plus 15 minutes intervention services G1: 70.9 ± 13.0 mean ± SD:
setting:
daily at home by parent • No complicating medical Communication/ G1: 41.9 ± 22.1
Academic QST trainers were diagnoses or medication language: P = 0.00005
Intervention recruited from the
(chelation agents) VABS
Social skills:
setting:
education service district Inclusion criteria for QST Communication: VABS socializa-
Clinic and home and local health trainers:
G1: 68.5 ± 15.0 tion score, mean
Enrollment professionals. QST • Minimum 3 years Adaptive behavior: ± SD:
period:
training consisted of skill- experience working with VABS Composite: G1: 79.8 ± 13.9
2006
based curriculum and 50 children with autism G1: 68.6 ± 12.2 P = 0.003
Funding: hrs of didactic and
• Healthy and energetic
VABS Daily living Communication/
Spirit Mountain experiential material.
(self assessment)
skills:
language:
community fund Trainers were observed
• Not on medications for
G1: 73.3 ± 18.5 VABS communi-
Author industry by the PI delivering the 5
Motor skills:
chronic health conditions
cation score,
relationship month intervention to two
Age, months ± SD
VABS Motor skills: mean ± SD:
disclosures: children.
(range):
G1: 73.5 ± 12.0 G1: 77.6 ± 16.9
NR
Assessments:
56.3 ± 12.5 (31-84)
Sensory:
P = 0.0003
Design: VABS, Sensory Profile,
Mental age:
Sensory profile Adaptive
Case series, Autism Behavior Checklist
NR
score, mean ± SD: behavior:
prospective conducted by third party
Gender, n (%):
Total:
VABS composite
Note:
evaluators; parent-
Male: 21 (81)
G1: 21.0 ± 11.8 score, mean ±
See related paper completed questionnaire
Female: 5 (19)
Processing: SD:
Silva et al., 2007 RE observations of child’s
Race/ethnicity:
G1: 6.2 ± 3.7 G1: 77.7 ± 14.5
{#302}
behaviors
NR
Modulation: P = 0.00009
Groups:
SES:
G1: 4.6 ± 3.3 VABS daily living
G1: QST
NR
Behavioral score, mean ±
Provider:
Diagnostic approach:
response:
SD:
Professionals trained in
Referral
G1: 3.4 ± 1.9 G1: 82.7 ± 17.8
QST, n:
Children were recruited
Autism Behavior P = 0.003
OT: 5
who were receiving autism
Checklist score, Motor skills:
Autism specialist: 3
mean ± SD:
services from the
VABS motor skills
Teacher/educator: 2
education service district
G1: 66.0 ± 25.1 score, mean ±
OT assistant: 1
Diagnostic tool/method:
SD:
Instructional assistant: 1
NR
G1: 81.0 ± 11.4
Nurse: 1
Diagnostic category, n
P = 0.003
Chiropractor: 1
(%):
Sensory:
Social worker: 1
Autism: 26 (100)
Sensory profile
Treatment manual
Other characteristics:
total score, mean
followed:
NR
± SD:
NR
G1: 14.5 ± 10.7
Defined protocol
P = 0.0003
followed:
Sensory
Yes
processing score,
Measure of treatment
mean ± SD:
fidelity reported:
G1: 4.1 ± 3.4
No
Co-interventions held
stable during treatment:
NR
P = 0.002
Silva et al., 2008 Concomitant therapies:
Sensory
(continued) NR
modulation score,
N at enrollment:
mean ± SD:
C-173