Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
Author:
Intervention:
Inclusion criteria: Social skills: Social skills:
Baker-Ericzén et Pivotal Response Training • Child with diagnosis of VABS socialization VABS
al., 2007 (PRT): 12-week parent autistic disorder or PDD- score, mean ± SD: socialization
Country: education program in NOS by DSM-IV G1a: 59.65 ± 9.22 score, mean ±
US
which trained therapists Exclusion criteria: (n=136)
SD:
Practice
setting:
taught parents strategies
for increasing motivation
• See inclusion criteria
Age, months (range):
G1b: 62.82 ± 10.47
(n=28)
G1a: 63.63 ±
11.70 (n=136)
Academic
Intervention
setting:
Clinic
Enrollment
period:
Families met individually
with therapist for 1
hour/week for 12 weeks
Provider:
Therapists conducting
parent education (trained
49.36 (24-113)
Age grouping, %:
≤ 3 years: 55
4-5 years: 35
≥ 6 years: 10
Mental age:
G1a/G1b: P = NS
Communication/
language:
VABS communication
score, mean ±
SD:
G1b: 67.82 ±
15.95 (n=28)
G1a/BL: P <
0.001
G1a/BL: P < 0.01
G1/BL: P < 0.001
1999 to 2003
Funding:
in PRT through graduate
studies or a train-the-
NR
Gender, %:
G1a: 58.93 ± 12.72
(n=136)
Communication/
language:
NIH
Author industry
relationship
trainer model with
supervising psychologist;
also trained in use of
Male: 83
Female: 17
Race/ethnicity, %:
G1b: 64.46 ± 13.87
(n=28)
G1a/G1b: P = NS
VABS communication
score,
mean ± SD:
disclosures: manual to teach Hispanic: 35.4
Motor skills: G1a: 63.61 ±
NR
Design:
Prospective case
series
techniques to parents) White: 27.4
VABS motor skills 15.56 (n=136)
and master’s level Asian/Pacific Islander: 19.5 score, mean ± SD: G1b: 66.96 ±
developmental specialists African American: 4 G1: NR*
15.44 (n=28)
or doctoral-level clinical Native American: 2.7 Adaptive behavior: G1a/BL: P <
psychologists with
experience with children
Unknown/other: 10.6
SES:
VABS composite
score, mean ± SD:
0.001
G1a/BL: P = NS
with ASD
Assessments:
VABS administered by
Maternal education: NR
Household income: NR
Diagnostic approach:
G1a: 54.50 ± 10.38
(n=128)
G1b: 59.50 ± 10.81
G1/BL: P < 0.001
Motor skills:
VABS motor skills
therapist with parent at
first and last treatment
Referral
Diagnostic tool/method:
(n=28)
G1a/G1b: P < 0.05
score, mean ±
SD:
session
Groups:
G1: PRT
DSM-IV; not confirmed in
study
Diagnostic category, n
VABS daily living G1: NR*
skills score, mean ± G1/BL: P < 0.001
SD:
Adaptive
Ga: males
(%):
G1a: 56.54 ± 12.15 behavior:
Gb: females
Measure of treatment
fidelity reported:
Yes, but not after initial
Autism/PDD-NOS: 158
(100)
Other characteristics:
NR
(n=135)
G1b: 63.43 ± 12.23
(n=28)
G1a/G1b: P = NS
VABS composite
score, mean ±
SD:
G1a: 58.84 ±
training
12.32 (n=128)
Co-interventions held
G1b: 64.75 ±
stable during treatment:
16.33 (n=28)
NR
G1a/BL: P <
Concomitant therapies:
0.001
NR
G1a/BL: P < 0.01
N at enrollment:
G1: 269
N at follow-up:
G1: 158
G1/BL: P < 0.001
Baker-Ericzén et
VABS daily living
al., 2007
skills score, mean
(continued)
± SD:
G1a: 59.66 ±
12.74 (n=135)
G1b: 66.36 ±
13.27 (n=28)
G1a/BL: P <
0.001
C-180