Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
Author:
Intervention:
Salt et al., 2002 Individualized treatment
Country: focusing on social,
Scotland UK
Practice
setting:
Specialty treatment
center
Intervention
setting:
Clinic
Enrollment
period:
NR
Funding: NHS
Author industry
relationship
disclosures:
NR
Design:
Non-RCT
communicative, play, and
adaptive behaviors; 8
hours every two weeks for
11 months
Parent training
component focusing on
behavior management
and teaching new skills
Assessments:
All occurred pre- and
post-treatment
Parent reports:
Standardized stress
measure and satisfaction
questionnaire
Clinician conducted:
Bayley Scales of Infant
Development – 2 nd ed;
British Picture Vocabulary
Scale; VABS; PVCS;
MCDI; Symbolic Play Test
– 2 nd ed; ESCS; PSI – 3 rd
Inclusion criteria: Social skills: Social skills:
• Preschool age range VABS score, mean VABS
• Accessible geographical ± SD:
socialization
location
Socialization: score, mean ±
• Diagnosis of Autism G1: 51.83 ± 1.9 SD:
• Children not excluded on G2: 55.0 ± 3.39 G1: 54.08 ± 2.91
the basis of
Symbolic play test G2: 52.8 ± 2.95
developmental delay score, mean ± SD: P < 0.05
Exclusion criteria: G1: 2.27 ± 3.5 ESCS symbolic
• See inclusion criteria G2: 12.8 ± 4.82 play test score,
Age, months ± SD: Communication/ mean ± SD:
G1: 42.36 ± 7.16 language: G1: 6.91 ± 5.94
G2: 37.67 ± 3.08 VABS
G2: 19.6 ± 3.78
Mental age, months ± SD: Communication: P = NS
G1: 17 ± 5.51
G1: 51.17 ± 2.79 ESCS joint
G2: 20.83 ± 2.32 G2: 54.8 ± 3.11 attention score,
Gender, n (%):
MCDI, mean ± SD: mean ± SD:
Male:
Words understood: G1: 9.11 ± 5.58
G1: 11 (92)
G1: 62.55 ± 44.68 G2: 4.6 ± 2.97
G2: 3 (60)
G2: 55.6 ± 42.75 P < 0.05
Female:
Words produced: ESCS request
G1: 1 (8)
G1: 4.73 ± 7.46 behavior score,
G2: 2 (40)
G2: 11.6 ± 15.08 mean ± SD:
Race/ethnicity, n (%): PVCS imitation G1: 10.33 ± 6.96
White: 16 (94)
score, mean ± SD: G2: 6.2 ± 2.77
ed.
Middle eastern: 1 (6) G1: 1.92 ± 2.15 P = NS (P < 0.06)
Groups:
SES:
G2: 1.6 ± 0.55 ESCS social
G1: (SCA) intervention NR
ESCS score, mean interaction score,
G2: Control/other Diagnostic approach: ± SD:
mean ± SD:
intervention
Referral
Joint attention: G1: 5.22 ± 2.73
Diagnostic tool/method: G1: 5.44 ± 3.17 G2: 3.2 ± 0.84
Duration (mean ± SD): ICD-10 (WHO, 1993) G2: 6.0 ± 3.39 P < 0.05
Non-SCA intervention diagnosis of childhood Requesting Communication/
(hrs/fortnight):
autism
behavior:
language:
Nursery:
Diagnostic category, n G1: 3.67 ± 2.12 VABS communi-
G1: 27.58 ± 13.32 (%):
G2: 6.6 ± 5.59 cation score,
G2: 38.7 ± 19.45 Autism: 17 (100)
Social interaction: mean ± SD:
Other 1:1 therapy: Other characteristics, IQ G1: 3.33 ± 2.0 G1: 46.17 ± 15.07
G1: 2.79 ± 9.06
(MA/CA) x 100, mean ± G2: 4.2 ± 2.86 G2: 50.6 ± 1.82
G2: 2.2 ± 2.28
SD:
Adaptive behavior: P = NS
G1: 39.43 ± 13.47 VABS Composite MCDI, words
Provider:
G2: 55.67 ± 6.59 score:
understood, mean
• Therapists including
G1: 49.5 ± 3.75 ± SD:
nursery nurses,
G2: 54.6 ± 4.83 G1: 91.18 ± 68.51
teachers, OT, PT, SLT
VABS Daily living G2: 79.8 ± 50.16
• Parents
skills:
P = NS
Treatment manual
G1: 53.08 ± 6.26 MCDI, words
followed:
G2: 59.0 ± 3.46 produced, mean ±
NR
Motor skills: SD:
Defined protocol
VABS Motor skills: G1: 17.82 ± 40.94
followed:
G1: 55.92 ± 11.37 G2: 31.20 ± 22.61
NR
G2: 69.8 ± 10.89 P = NS
Salt et al., 2002 Measure of treatment
PVCS imitation
(continued) fidelity reported:
score, mean ±
Yes
SD:
Measure of reliability
G1: 7.67 ± 5.35
reported:
G2: 3.8 ± 0.84
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