Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

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Evidence Table: Therapies for Children with ASD (continued) Study Description Intervention Aberrant Behavior Checklist Nisonger Child Behavior Rating Form Mudford et al., 2000 (continued) Author: Smith et al. Measure of treatment fidelity reported: No Co-interventions held stable during treatment: NR Concomitant therapies: NR N at enrollment: 21 N at follow-up: 16 G1: 7 G2: 9 Intervention: Intensive training, 30 Inclusion/ Exclusion Criteria/ Population Inclusion criteria: • 18-42 months at time of C-416 Baseline Measures Outcomes 12.8 Communication/ language: Derived language quotient (age equivalent/chronol ogical agex100), mean: 24 , t(15) = 2.01, (P = 0.06) Language comprehension quotient, mean: 26 (P = NS) Educational/ cognitive/ Reynell Language Development Scales-III comprehension age equivalents described as unchanged across the study, mean/months: 31 Reynell Language Development Scales-III expressive language age equivalents: 29, t(15) = 1.83, P = 0.09 Medical: Ear occlusion, change at audio integration training, % mean ± SD: 3.7% ± 5.9 P < 0.10 Ear occlusion, Change at control, % mean ± SD: 1.2 ± 6.4 Harms, n: Diarrhea: 1 Excessive sleepiness: 1 More distraught: 1 Modifiers: NR Educational/ cognitive/
Evidence Table: Therapies for Children with ASD (continued) Study Inclusion/ Exclusion Baseline Description Intervention Criteria/ Population Measures Outcomes 2000 hrs/week for 2-3 years referral academic academic Country: from therapist, parent with • Residence within 1 hr of attainment: attainment: US therapist 5 hrs/week for UCLA center Stanford Binet or Bayley Scales of first 3 months • IQ between 35-75 Bayley Scales of Infant Practice • Diagnosis of ASD or Infant Development- Developmentsetting: Parent intervention, PDD-NOS Mental Development Mental Specialty families taught techniques • Absence of major Index (scored as Development treatment center from Lovaas manual 2 medical problems IQ), mean ± SD: Index (scored as sessions/week in homes Exclusion criteria: G1: 50.53 ± 11.18 IQ), mean ± SD: Intervention for 3-9 months • See inclusion criteria G2: 50.69 ± 13.88 G1: 66.49 ± 24.08 setting: Clinic, Age, mean/months ± SD: G2: 49.67 ± 19.74 Home Assessments: At Intake: Merrill-Palmer Scale P < 0.05 Enrollment Once intake assessments G1: 36.07 ± 6.00 of Mental Tests, period: had been completed on 4- G2: 35.77 ± 5.37 mean ± SD: Merrill-Palmer 1989 to 1992 8 children, they were Follow-up: G1: 21.60 ± 4.49 Scale of Mental Funding: divided into 2 cohorts G1: 94.07 ± 13.17 G2: 21.92 ± 5.50 Tests, mean ± Department of (autism & PDD); children G2: 92.23 ± 17.24 SD: education & UCLA were paired by statistician Mental age: Communication/ G1: 64.33 ± 18.74 Regents on IQ (Bayley), and then NR language: G2: 49.17 ± 21.43 Author industry randomly assigned 1 Gender, n (%): Reynell P < 0.05 relationship member of each pair to M: Development disclosures: treatment or parent- G1:12 (80) Language Scale Communication/ NR training group G2:11 (85) Total, mean ± SD: language: Design: F: G1: 28.60 ± 4.07 Reynell RCT Groups: G1: 3 (20) G2: 30.00 ± 6.34 Development G1: intensive training G2: 2 (15) Language Scale G2: parental training Comprehension, Total, mean ± SD: mean ± SD: G1: 87.40 ± 46.21 G1: 13.47 ± 3.60 G2: 61.33 ± 31.88 G2: 13.69 ± 3.73 P < .05 Smith et al. 2000 (continued) Provider: Therapists in UCLA Young Autism Project Measure of treatment fidelity reported: Yes Co-interventions held stable during treatment: NR Concomitant therapies: NR N at enrollment: G1: 15 G2: 13 N at follow-up: G1: 15 G2: 13 Race/ethnicity, n (%): White: G1: 7 (47) G2: 7 (54) Hispanic: G1: 4 (26) G2: 2 (15) Black: G1: 1 (7) G2: 3 (23) Asian: G1: 3 (20) G2: 1 (8) SES: Maternal education, median (range): G1: 12 (10-16+) G2: 15 (12-16+) Paternal education, median (range): G1: 13-14 (
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Comparative Effectiveness Review Nu
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This report is based on research co
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Acknowledgments We are indebted to
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Therapies for Children With Autism
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Dietary and Other Medical Intervent
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Figures Figure A. Analytic framewor
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Table A. Description of interventio
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Analytic Framework Figure A. Analyt
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Strength of evidence. The degree of
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epetitive behavior showed improveme
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subgroups of children, although the
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We encourage investigators to provi
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9. Remington B, Hastings RP, Kovsho
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46. Green J, Charman T, McConachie
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82. Reaven JA, Blakeley-Smith A, Ni
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120. Masi G, Cosenza A, Mucci M, et
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157. Evangeliou A, Vlachonikolis I,
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Introduction Need for Evidence for
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Interventions intended primarily to
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Table 1. Description of behavioral
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Serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Sero
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Table 3. Description of medical and
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Table 4. Description of allied heal
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Key Questions and Analytic Framewor
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Chapter 4 discusses the results in
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Methods This chapter documents proc
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• Did not present aggregated resu
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Additional behavioral interventions
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1. Did the study employ a group des
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Scoring: Studies minimally had to h
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These ratings of applicability do n
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Figure 2. Disposition of articles a
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• ABA-based approaches including
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education, children in the intensiv
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abilities. This finding is further
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Table 10. Outcomes of early intensi
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forecast behavior; perspective taki
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interaction with peers; outcome mea
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hyperactivity, inattention, challen
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Table 12. Outcomes of RCTs assessin
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Schedule for Affective Disorders an
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SCAS-P=Spence Child Anxiety Scale-P
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Summary of the literature. Jarusiew
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Table 14. Overview of educational s
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on the Ankara Developmental Screeni
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Checklist scores decreased by 8.4 f
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Table 15. Outcomes of studies asses
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evaluated the effects of risperidon
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that this somnolence improved over
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Table 17. Outcomes of RCTs of antip
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Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors SRIs
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One prospective case series of esci
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Most participants were recruited fr
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Dietary and Other Medical Intervent
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Summary of the literature-other int
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withdrew after the first six weeks;
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therefore described separately belo
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addressed, 85 typically involves on
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In the second paper, 89 treatment s
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Table 25. Overview of CAM studies a
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Teacher and Parent Scales, behavior
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Because of the potentially increase
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Educational Interventions Child cha
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showed diminished response to escit
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oom as the other assessments, so it
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contrast group (n=18) on three meas
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and are based on consideration of f
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Few studies directly comparing the
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Strength of evidence. The strength
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While individual studies of CBT and
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Table 32. Summary of results of edu
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Table 33. Summary of results of med
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strength of this reviewed literatur
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Table 36. Intervention, strength of
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Table 37. Interventions/outcomes wi
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gains. 104 Other studies have seen
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percent of behavioral studies repor
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limited followup, lack of comparati
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individual intervention is warrante
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selecting participants for their st
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studies lacked an arm that consider
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23. Kanner L. Autistic Disturbances
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62. Dosman CF, Drmic IE, Brian JA,
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104. Ben-Itzchak E and Zachor DA. T
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142. Tyminski RF and Moore PJ. The
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177. Aman MG, McDougle CJ, Scahill
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214. Correia CT, Almeida JP, Santos
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252. Akhondzadeh S, Tajdar H, Moham
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290. Dawson G, Rogers S, Munson J,
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Acronyms/Abbreviations ABA Applied
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Appendix A. Exact Search Strings an
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Table A2. PsycINFO search strategie
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Therapies for Children with Autism
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Therapies for Children with ASD Sys
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Appendix C. Evidence Tables Tables
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Evidence Table. Therapies for child
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Page 553 and 554: Evidence Table. Therapies for child
Page 597 and 598: Country: US Practice setting: Clini
Page 599 and 600: Dunn-Geier et al., 2000 (continued)
Page 601 and 602: Evidence Table: Therapies for Child
Page 603: Evidence Table: Therapies for Child
Page 607 and 608: Appendix D. List of Excluded Studie
Page 609 and 610: 31. Aarsland D, Cummings JL and Lar
Page 611 and 612: 59. Ahearn WH, Clark KM, Gardenier
Page 613 and 614: 89. Allison DB, Basile VC and MacDo
Page 615 and 616: 118. Ando H, Yoshimura I and Wakaba
Page 617 and 618: 146. Atkinson RP, Jenson WR, Rovner
Page 619 and 620: 177. Bakare MO, Agomoh AO, Ebigbo P
Page 621 and 622: 204. Baron-Cohen S, Scott FJ, Allis
Page 623 and 624: 233. Bebko JM, Perry A and Bryson S
Page 625 and 626: 262. Bergmann F, Stepp H, Metzger R
Page 627 and 628: 291. Birkan B, McClannahan LE and K
Page 629 and 630: 319. Boddy F, Rowan EN, Lett D, et
Page 631 and 632: 348. Bouma R and Schweitzer R. The
Page 633 and 634: 376. Broadstock M, Doughty C and Eg
Page 635 and 636: 404. Brudnak MA. Application of gen
Page 637 and 638: 432. Buitelaar JK. Why have drug tr
Page 639 and 640: 460. Butler DE, Nordin IC, L’Ital
Page 641 and 642: 489. Campbell M, Locascio JJ, Choro
Page 643 and 644: 517. Caronna EB, Augustyn M and Zuc
Page 645 and 646: 546. Case-Smith J and Miller H. Occ
Page 647 and 648: 574. Charlop MH, Burgio LD, Iwata B
Page 649 and 650: 602. Cheng CW, Cho SH, Taylor M, et
Page 651 and 652: 631. Cicero FR and Pfadt A. Investi
Page 653 and 654: 662. Collier D and Reid G. A compar
Page 655 and 656:
691. Coskun M, Karakoc S, Kircelli
Page 657 and 658:
718. Cullen LA, Barlow JH and Cushw
Page 659 and 660:
748. Davidovitch M, Holtzman G and
Page 661 and 662:
777. DeLeon IG, Fisher WW and Marhe
Page 663 and 664:
805. Devlin SD, Harber MM. Collabor
Page 665 and 666:
834. Doherty K, Fitzgerald M and Ma
Page 667 and 668:
863. Dudley LL, Johnson C and Barne
Page 669 and 670:
893. Dybvik AC. Autism and the Incl
Page 671 and 672:
924. Elder JH. In-home communicatio
Page 673 and 674:
953. Erickson CA, Posey DJ, Stigler
Page 675 and 676:
979. Faja S, Aylward E, Bernier R,
Page 677 and 678:
1008. Ferri R, Elia M, Agarwal N, e
Page 679 and 680:
1037. Fisher W, Kerbeshian J and Bu
Page 681 and 682:
1066. Fragala-Pinkham M, Haley SM a
Page 683 and 684:
1095. Furneaux B. Keeping the balan
Page 685 and 686:
1124. Garcaa-Villamisar D, Wehman P
Page 687 and 688:
1152. Ghezzi PM. Discrete Trials Te
Page 689 and 690:
1180. Goin-Kochel RP, Myers BJ and
Page 691 and 692:
1210. Gordon R, Handleman JS and Ha
Page 693 and 694:
1239. Grimaldi BL. The central role
Page 695 and 696:
1268. Guptill JT, Booker AB, Gibbs
Page 697 and 698:
1296. Hamdan-Allen G. Brief report:
Page 699 and 700:
1324. Hare DJ, Jones JPR and Paine
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1356. Harrison S and Berry L. Valui
Page 703 and 704:
1386. Heilbrun AB, Jr., Blum N and
Page 705 and 706:
1414. Hetzroni OE and Shalem U. Fro
Page 707 and 708:
1443. Holburn CS. Counter the mistr
Page 709 and 710:
1473. Horner RH, Carr EG, Strain PS
Page 711 and 712:
1504. Hughes C, Soares-Boucaud I, H
Page 713 and 714:
1533. Ijichi S and Ijichi N. Beyond
Page 715 and 716:
1562. James SJ, Cutler P, Melnyk S,
Page 717 and 718:
1591. Johnson CR, Butter EM, Handen
Page 719 and 720:
1619. Joyce PR. The medical model-w
Page 721 and 722:
1647. Karmali I, Greer RD, Nuzzolo-
Page 723 and 724:
1673. Kelly AB, Garnett MS, Attwood
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1702. Kielinen M, Linna SL and Moil
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1731. Klin A, Lin DJ, Gorrindo P, e
Page 729 and 730:
1761. Koegel RL and Frea WD. Treatm
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1790. Kolmen BK, Feldman HM, Handen
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1819. Kratochvil CJ, Findling RL, M
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1846. Lam MK and Rao N. Developing
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1874. Lattimore LP, Parsons MB and
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1903. Lee PC. Verification of a sim
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1932. Lerman DC, Vorndran C, Addiso
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1960. Licciardello CC, Harchik AE a
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1989. Liptak GS, Orlando M, Yinglin
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2015. Lorimer PA, Simpson RL, Myles
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2043. Luiselli JK, Kane A, Treml T,
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2071. MacFarlane JR and Kanaya T. W
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2099. Malone RP, Maislin G, Choudhu
Page 755 and 756:
2127. Marin FZ. CAM versus nucleopl
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2157. Martineau J, Roux S, Adrien J
Page 759 and 760:
2185. Matson JL and Lo Vullo SV. A
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2213. McCabe H. The Importance of P
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2240. McDougle CJ, Holmes JP, Carls
Page 765 and 766:
2267. McHale SM, Olley JG, Marcus L
Page 767 and 768:
2296. Merlo LJ, Lehmkuhl HD, Geffke
Page 769 and 770:
2325. Minderaa RB, Anderson GM, Vol
Page 771 and 772:
2354. Montgomery JM, Duncan CR and
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2385. Morrison RS, Sainato DM, Benc
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2413. Munesue T, Ono Y, Mutoh K, et
Page 777 and 778:
2445. Napolitano DA, Tessing JL, Mc
Page 779 and 780:
2474. Niederhofer H and Pittschiele
Page 781 and 782:
2501. Nwora AJ and Gee BM. A case s
Page 783 and 784:
2530. Olive ML, Lang RB and Davis T
Page 785 and 786:
2559. Owens JA, Rosen CL and Mindel
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2589. Pansegrouw I and Alant E. Com
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2618. Paul C, Williams KE, Riegel K
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2646. Perry R, Nobler MS and Campbe
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2675. Piazza CC, Hagopian LP, Hughe
Page 795 and 796:
2704. Poon L, Partika N and Bolman
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2734. Prizant BM. Speech-language p
Page 799 and 800:
2764. Rapp JT, Vollmer TR, St. Pete
Page 801 and 802:
2792. Reed P, Broomfield L, McHugh
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2819. Remington G, Sloman L, Konsta
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2849. Ringdahl JE, Kitsukawa K, And
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2877. Rogers SJ. Interventions that
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2908. Rossignol DA. Novel and emerg
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2939. Rutter M, Kreppner J, Croft C
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2967. Sandt D. Social Stories for S
Page 815 and 816:
2994. Scanlon K. Art therapy with a
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3023. Schneider CK, Melmed RD, Bars
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3054. Schwartz IS, Sandall SR, Garf
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3085. Shafer MS, Egel AL and Neef N
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3115. Shipley-Benamou R, Lutzker JR
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3143. Siller M and Sigman M. The be
Page 827 and 828:
3173. Smith C, Felce D, Jones E, et
Page 829 and 830:
3202. Snyder A, Bossomaier T and Mi
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3230. Spero MH. The emancipation of
Page 833 and 834:
3259. Stephens CE. Spontaneous imit
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3289. Strambi M, Longini M, Hayek J
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3318. Suzumura K. How an autistic b
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3346. Tager-Flusberg H and Calkins
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3376. Taylor I, O’Reilly M and La
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3407. Thunberg G, Ahlsen E and Sand
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3435. Trembath D, Balandin S, Toghe
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3464. Turner-Brown LM, Perry TD, Di
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3492. Van Der Putt R, Dineen C, Jan
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3522. Vitiello B. Recent NIMH clini
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3553. Walenski M, Mostofsky SH, Gid
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3581. Weber RC and Thorpe J. Teachi
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3610. Wheeler JJ, Baggett BA, Fox J
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3637. Williams B. Mental handicap n
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3669. Wimpory D, Chadwick P and Nas
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3698. Worth S and Reynolds S. The A
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3728. Young JM, Krantz PJ, McClanna
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3759. Zuddas A, Di Martino A, Mugli
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Appendix F. Approach to Categorizin
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APPENDIX G. Discussion of Recent Sy
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one a casein free regime. Diets wer
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outcome data as Type 6, defined as
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Yes—no disclosures to make G7 Bai
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Table G1. Characteristics of recent
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Random assignment Appropriate compa
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Study Group design Random assignmen
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APPENDIX I. Applicability Summary T
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Social skills (continued) Domain De
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