Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
Author:
Intervention:
Inclusion criteria: Social skills: Social skills:
Legoff and LEGO intervention vs. G1:
VABS socialization VABS
Sherman, 2006 comparable (in form and • Participated in both score, mean ± SD: socialization
Country: intensity) individual and individual and group G1: 62.27 ± 13.43 score, mean
US
group therapy on a sessions continuously G2: 59.95 ± 16.48 change ± SD:
Practice weekly basis without for at least 3 years GARS social inter- G1: 20.68 ± 10.32
setting:
LEGO materials
Private multi- LEGO-based interactive
disciplinary autism play groups met on a
disorders clinic weekly basis for 90
• Initial and follow-up
assessment data were
available
G2:
action, mean ± SD:
G1: 11.53 ± 1.75
G2: 11.00 ± 1.72
Communication/
G1a: 21.45 ±
10.05
G1b: 19.91 ±
10.30
Intervention
setting:
Clinic
Enrollment
period:
NR
Funding:
NR
Author industry
relationship
disclosures:
None
Design:
Retrospective
cohort
minutes and engaged in • Had two complete language:
collaborative LEGO triannual assessments VIQ, mean ± SD:
building activities and • Matched the LEGO G1: 82.0 ± 21.6
other projects
therapy subjects on G2: 83.3 ± 18.8
Groups:
subject and treatment VABS
G1: LEGO intervention variables
communication
G2: control group, Exclusion criteria: score, mean ± SD:
Ga: autistic disorder • Participants who started G1: 67.2 ± 17.4
Gb: Asperger/PDD-NOS on a new psychiatric G2: 65.4 ± 19.2
Provider:
medication or changed Educational/
Therapist
medications (other than cognitive/
Measure of treatment minor changes in academic
fidelity reported:
dosage) during the 3 attainment:
NR
year treatment interval PIQ, mean ± SD:
Co-interventions held Age, years ± SD: G1: 90.7 ± 17.5
stable during treatment: G1: 9.3 ± 1.6
G2: 89.3 ± 18.7
NR
G2: 10.1 ± 1.4
Wechsler FSIQ,
Concomitant therapies, Mental age:
mean ± SD:
hrs/week, mean ± SD: See educational/cognitive/ G1: 84.6 ± 16.6
Individual therapy: academic attainment G2: 85.7 ± 17.9
G1: 1.18 ± 0.43
Gender, n (%):
G2: 1.30 ± 0.75
Male:
G1/G2: P = NS
G1: 49 (81.7)
Group therapy:
G2: 47 (82.5)
G1: 1.59 ± 0.35
Female:
G2: 1.61 ± 0.39
G1: 11 (18.3)
G1/G2: P = NS
G2: 10 (17.5)
Family therapy:
Race/ethnicity:
G1: 0.82 ± 0.66
NR
G2: 1.05 ± 0.67
SES:
G1/G2: P = NS
Maternal education: NR
Therapeutic aide: Household income: NR
G1: 11.93 ± 13.40 Diagnostic approach:
G2: 12.07 ± 15.13 Referral
G1/G2: P = NS
G2: 10.77 ± 10.97
G2a: 11.96 ±
11.08
G2b: 9.58 ± 10.88
ANOVA: time (P <
0.001), treatment
P < 0.01), interaction
(G1/BL >
G2/BL; P < 0.05)
GARS social
interaction score,
mean change ±
SD:
G1: -3.60 ± 1.38
G1a: -3.82 ± 1.56
G1b: -3.43 ± 1.26
G2: -2.30 ± 1.45
G2a: -2.29 ± 1.42
G2b: -2.32 ± 1.55
ANOVA: time (P <
0.001), treatment
P < 0.001), interaction
(G1/BL >
G2/BL; P < 0.01)
Communication/
language:
VIQ, mean ± SD:
G1: 86.3 ± 16.9
G2: 79.9 ± 19.0
VABS
communication
score, mean ±
SD:
G1: 75.0 ± 11.4
G2: 70.5 ± 16.9
Speech-language
Educational/
therapy:
cognitive/
G1: 1.29 ± 0.41
academic
G2: 1.35 ± 0.54
attainment:
G1/G2: P = NS
Wechsler FSIQ,
mean ± SD:
G1: 90.6 ± 15.8
G2: 87.1 ± 18.8
C-281