Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
Author:
Intervention: 800 mg of Inclusion criteria: Overall ratings: Overall ratings:
Chez et al., L-Carnosine daily for 8 • Age 3-12 years Clinical Global Changes in
2002
Country:
US
weeks
Assessments:
• Prior diagnosis of ASD,
PDD by DSM-IV-
Revised
Impression, mean ± children after 8
SD:
wks on Active
G1: 14.50 ± 3.65 Carnosine:
Baseline & 8-weeks: Exclusion criteria: G2: 12.94 ± 4.18
Practice expressive language • Family HX of seizure
setting: Specialty (EOWPVT), receptive disorder or fragile X
treatment center language (ROWPVT), syndrome, or other
autism severity ratings genetic disorder or
Intervention (CARS & GARS), and • etiology of their
setting: Clinic CGI of Change; all spectrum disorder
Enrollment completed by parents in a
P = NS
Childhood Autism
Rating Scale, mean
± SD:
G1: 31.71 ± 6.55
G2: 34.85 ± 6.69
Clinical Global
Impression, mean
± SD(baseline vs.
8 wk):
G1: 16.39 ± 4.36
P = 0.06
period: NR
Funding:
NR
Author industry
relationship
disclosures:
NR
Design: double
Blind RCT
pediatric neurology clinic Age, mean/months ± SD: P = NS
in a room dedicated to G1: 85.69 ± 24.57
assessment
G2: 92.47 ± 28.95 Gilliam Autism
Mental age:
Rating Scale, mean
Every two weeks, parents NR
± SD:
faxed a CGI of Change; Gender:
G1: 55.50 ± 16.35
they were not allowed to M, n (%): 21 (67.7) G2: 50.88 ± 16.96
refer back to faxes from F, n (%): 10 (32.3) P = NS
the prior 2-week period
Clinical Global
Impression, mean
± SD(2 wk vs. 6
wk):
G1: 4.92 ± 5.69
P = 0.04
Changes in
children after 8
Groups:
G1: L-Carnosine
Race/ethnicity:
NR
Communication/
language:
Expressive Onewks
on Active
Carnosine:
G2: Placebo
Co-interventions held
SES:
Maternal education: NR
Word Picture
Vocabulary test
(raw) , mean ± SD:
Childhood Autism
Rating Scale,
mean ± SD:
stable during treatment: Household income: NR
NR
G1: 35.36 ± 20.87
G2: 30.65 ± 26.28
G1: 29.75 ± 7.53
P = 0.07
Frequency of contact
during study: every 2
Diagnostic approach:
In study
P = NS
Gilliam Autism
Rating Scale,
mean ± SD:
weeks
Diagnostic tool/method:
DSM-IV
G1: 44.35 ± 14.93
P = 0.01
Concomitant therapies,
n (%):
Valproic acid: NR
N at enrollment:
G1: 14
G2: 17
N at follow-up:
G1: 14
G2: 17
Diagnostic category, n
(%):
Autism /PDD-NOS: 31
(100)
Other characteristics:
NR
C-369
Expressive One-
Word Picture
Vocabulary test (age
adjusted), mean ±
SD:
G1: 40.71 ± 23.44
G2: 35.41 ± 29.94
P = NS
Receptive One-
Word Picture
Vocabulary test
(raw), mean ± SD:
G1: 38.00 ± 23.67
G2: 34.29 ± 28.56
P = NS
Receptive One-
Word Picture
Vocabulary test (age
adjusted), mean ±
SD:
G1: 40.57 ± 24.55
G2: 39.65 ± 27.91
P = NS
Changes in
children after 8
wks on Active
Carnosine:
Expressive One-
Word Picture
Vocabulary test
(raw), mean ± SD:
G1: 37.28 ± 25.66
P = NS
Expressive One-
Word Picture
Vocabulary test
(age adjusted),
mean ± SD:
G1: 43.78 ± 28.22
P = NS