Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD (continued)
Study
Inclusion/ Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/ Population Measures Outcomes
Intervention 2 mg/day fixed dose to recruitment
G1/G2: P <
setting:
(0.5 mg starting dose • Significant active
0.0001
Clinic
with 0.5 mg increments medical problem
Harms:
Enrollment
period:
in weekly dose for first
3 weeks)
• Children without
definitive diagnosis of
Treatment-related
AEs, n (%):
NR
Funding:
NR
Author industry
• > 40 kg: titrated up to 3 autism as in severe/
mg/day fixed dose profound mental
Duration: 10 weeks retardation
Assessments:
Age, years ± SD (range):
Constipation:
G1: 4 (20)
G2: 3 (15)
G1/G2: P = NS
relationship ABC-C, Extrapyramidal G1: 6.9 ± 1.86 (3-11)
Nervousness:
disclosures: Symptoms Rating Scale G2: 6.75 ± 1.8 (3-11)
G1: 1 (5)
NR
administered by blinded Mental age:
G2: 2 (10)
Design: rater in clinic
NR
G1/G2: P = NS
RCT, double blind, Groups:
Gender, n (%):
Daytime
placebo controlled G1: piracetam +
risperidone
Male:
G1: 16 (80)
drowsiness:
G1: 7 (35)
G2: placebo + risperidone G2: 14 (70)
G2: 9 (45)
Co-interventions held Female:
G1/G2: P = NS
stable during treatment: G1: 4 (20)
Morning
NA
G2: 6 (30)
drowsiness:
Frequency of contact Race/ethnicity:
G1: 11 (55)
during study:
Ratings at weeks 0, 2, 4,
NR
SES:
G2: 8 (40)
G1/G2: P = NS
6, 8, and 10
Maternal education: NR
Increased
Concomitant therapies: Household income: NR
NR
Diagnostic approach:
appetite:
G1: 7 (30)
N at enrollment:
G1: 20
In-study confirmation
Diagnostic tool/method:
G2: 6 (30)
G1/G2: P = NS
G2: 20
N at follow-up:
G1: 20
G2: 20
Semistructured interview
with a score of ≥ 6 on the
DSM-IV diagnosis criteria
and clinical evaluation
Dry mouth:
G1: 4 (20)
G2: 3 (15)
G1/G2: P = NS
Diagnostic category, n
Fatigue:
(%):
G1: 5 (25)
Autism: 40 (100)
G2: 3 (15)
Other characteristics, n:
G1/G2: P = NS
Extrapyramidal symptoms:
Loss of appetite:
G1: 6
G1: 1 (5)
G2: 8
G2: 1 (5)
G1/G2: P = 0.74
G1/G2: P = NS
Modifiers:
NR
Author:
Inclusion criteria: Communication/ Communication/
Allam et al., 2008 Intervention:
• Age 4-7 years language:
language:
Country: Language therapy 2 times • Diagnosed with autism Language evaluation Language
Egypt
per week with or without according to DSM-IV- score, mean ± SD: evaluation score,
Practice scalp acupuncture 2 times T criteria
Attention:
mean ± SD:
setting:
per week for 9 months • Diagnosed with autism G1: 1.4 ± 0.9 Attention:
Academic (cycle of 20 minutes twice according to interview G2: 1.5 ± 0.8 G1: 2.8 ± 0.8
Intervention weekly for 2 months with parents using Receptive semantics: G2: 3.1 ± 0.8
setting:
followed by 2 weeks rest) ADI-R
G1: 5.2 ± 3.6 G1/BL: P = 0.021
Acupuncture clinic Groups:
• CARS score ≥ 30 G2: 5.0 ± 2.7 G2/BL: P = 0.001
Enrollment G1: language therapy Exclusion criteria: Expressive semantics: G1/G2: P = 0.008
period:
G2: language therapy and • See inclusion criteria G1: 0.9 ± 0.6 Receptive
9 months (dates acupuncture
Age, years ± SD: G2: 0.7 ± 0.5 semantics:
NR)
Provider:
G1: 5.5 ± 1.22
Receptive syntax: G1: 7.0 ± 3.8
Funding: • Same language G2: 5.5 ± 1.22
G1: NR*
G2: 9.4 ± 3.1
C-115