Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
Author:
Intervention:
Inclusion criteria: Commonly Commonly
Sofronoff et al., Cognitive behavioral • Primary diagnosis of occurring co- occurring co-
2005
therapy: 6 week study Asperger syndrome morbidities:morbidities: Country: (6 two-hour sessions); from a pediatrician SCAS-P score, SCAS-P score, 6
Australia children were allocated in • Phone interview with a mean ± SD: week follow-up,
Practice groups of 3 with 2
parent to establish Total:
mean ± SD:
setting:
therapists in each group, DSM-IV criteria G1: 40.23 ± 20.42 Total:
Academic within each treatment • CAST score > 15 G2: 35.25 ± 16.44 G1: 29.42 ± 15.3
Intervention group by age and sex Exclusion criteria: G3: 36.64 ± 16.67 G2: 21.11 ± 10.1
setting:
(girls grouped together) • See inclusion criteria Separation G3: 36.32 ± 13.3
Clinic
Sessions:
Age, mean/yrs ±SD: anxiety:
G1/BL: P < 0.01
Enrollment • Exploring positive G1: 10.56 ± 0.99 G2: G1: 7.01 ± 4.46 G2/BL: P < 0.01
period:
emotions
10.54 ± 1.26
G2: 6.79 ± 4.71 G3/BL: P = NS
NR
• Exploration of anxiety G3: 10.75 ± 1.04 G3: 8.18 ± 4.45 G1/G2: P < 0.025
Funding Agency: and recognition of Mental age:
OCD:
ANOVA: time
NR
speech, thinking, IQ, mean ± SD (range): G1: 5.11 ± 4.65 (P < 0.0001),
Author industry physiological and G1: 107.5 ± 27.3 (90-137) G2: 5.21 ± 3.67 time Х treatment
relationship behavior changes G2: 105.6 ± 21.2 (90-135) G3: 4.96 ± 4.08 (P < 0.0001)
disclosures: • Exploration of social G3: 101 ± 27.2 (95-125) Social phobia: Separation anxiety:
NR
tools
Gender, n (%):
G1: 9.03 ± 4.45 G1: 5.38 ± 3.7
Design: • Measures of the Male:
G2: 7.93 ± 5.03 G2: 3.03 ± 2.2
RCT
degrees of emotion G1: 20 (87)
G3: 7.21 ± 4.75 G3: 8.89 ± 4.5
• Exploring social stories G2: 22 (88)
Panic:
G1/BL: P < 0.01
• Working together to G3: 20 (87)
G1: 4.88 ± 4.67 G2/BL: P < 0.0001
design a program to Female:
G2: 3.89 ± 2.84 G3/BL: P = NS
improve the manage- G1: 3 (13)
G3: 4.18 ± 4.28 G1/G2: P < 0.02
ment of anxiety G2: 3 (12)
Personal injury: G1/G3: P < 0.02
In the child-only treat- G3: 3 (13)
G1: 5.69 ± 3.37 G2/G3: P < 0.001
ment, parents received no Race/ethnicity: G2: 5.07 ± 2.97 ANOVA: treatment
training but got instruct- NR
G3: 5.54 ± 3.28 (P < 0.01), time
tions for the weekly home- SES:
GAD:
(P < 0.0001), time
based projects; in the Maternal education: NR G1: 8.42 ± 3.41 Х treatment
child and parents treat- Household income: NR G2: 6.36 ± 3.30 (P < 0.0001)
ment, parents were Diagnostic approach: G3: 6.57 ± 3.65 OCD:
trained to work as co- Referral
SWQ-P score, G1: 2.88 ± 2.9
therapists and to Diagnostic tool/method: mean:
G2: 2.21 ± 1.9
complete home-based DSM-IV checklist/CAST G1: NR* G3: 5.71 ± 4.4
projects
Diagnostic category, n G2: NR* G1/BL: P < 0.0001
Assessments:
(%):
G3: NR* G2/BL: P < 0.0001
Measures administered Autism: 0
James and the G3/BL: P = NS
pre- and post-intervention PDD-NOS: 0
Maths test score, ANOVA: time
and at 6 week follow-up: Aspergers: 71 (100) mean:
(P < 0.05), time
James and the Maths Other characteristics: G1: NR* Х treatment
Test, SCAS-P, SWQ-P Children’s depression G2: NR* (P < 0.05)
Groups:
inventory, mean ± SD: G3: NR* Social phobia:
G1: child only
G1: 11.5 (8.27)
G1: 7.38 ± 4.43
G2: child and parents G2: 10.25 (7.82)
G2: 5.96 ± 4.32
G3: wait-list group G3: 8.62 (5.80)
G3: 6.61 ± 4.49
Provider:
G1/BL: P < 0.05
Therapists
G2/BL: P < 0.01
Measure of treatment
G3/BL: P = NS
fidelity reported:
ANOVA: time
Yes
(P < 0.05), time
Х treatment
(P < 0.05)
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