Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD (continued)
Study
Inclusion/ Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/ Population Measures Outcomes
University
without changing current total:
Duration: 21 weeks, with therapy or activity G1a: 42.67 ± 3.02 Adaptive
Intervention 10 weeks WESP, 10 Exclusion criteria: G1b: 43.38 ± 4.31 behavior:
setting:
weeks control, and 1 • Intellectual disability
T2:
School
week transition
Adaptive behavior: SBSS-2, mean ±
Enrollment
Age, mean/yrs ± SD SSBS-2, mean ± SD:
period:
Assessments: School (range):
SD:
Self-
NR
Social Behavior Scales G1a: 7.27 ± 1.25 (5.58- Selfmanagement/com
Funding: (SSBS-2) completed by 9.75)
management/compli pliance:
Grant from classroom teacher G1b: 2 7.20 ± 0.89 (6.08- ance:
G1a: 47.13 ± 4.88
National Science Baseline (T1), after 10 8.58)
G1a: 44.13 ± 2.17 G1b: 45.13 ± 4.32
Council, Taiwan weeks (T2) and after 20 Mental age, mean/yrs G1b: 44.38 ± 3.74
Design: weeks (T3). Classroom (range):
T3:
Prospective case teachers were blinded to NR
Educational/ SBSS-2, mean ±
series
children’s treatment Gender, n (%):
cognitive/ SD:
conditions.
M: 16 (100)
academic Self-
HAAR checklist used to F: 0 (0)
attainment: management/com
assess aquatic skills
SSBS-2, mean ± pliance:
Race/ethnicity, n (%): SD:
G1a: 46.38 ± 6.57
Groups:
Asian: 16 (100)
Academic behavior, G1b: 50.75 ± 4.46
G1a: WESP for first 10
mean:
weeks followed by 10 SES:
G1a: 45.88 ± 2.30 Educational/
weeks regular
Maternal education: G1b: 45.25 ± 6.30 cognitive/
treatment/activity NR
academic
G1b: regular
Problem behavior: attainment:
treatment/activity for first Household income: SSBS-2, mean ± T2:
10 weeks then WESP for NR
SD:
SBSS-2, mean ±
second 10 weeks
Hostile/irritable, SD:
mean:
Academic
G1a: 60.38 ± 5.24 behavior:
G1b: 60.75 ± 6.20 G1a: 51.38 ±
2.20*
G1b: 48.50 ± 4.21
Pan
2010 (continued)
Provider:
• 4 research assistants
completed WESP
training course prior to
study and served as
swimming instructors
Treatment manual
followed:
Yes
Defined protocol
followed:
Yes
Measure of treatment
fidelity reported:
No
Co-interventions held
stable during treatment:
Yes
Concomitant therapies,
n (%):
Occupational therapy: 6
(37.5)
Physical therapy: 2 (12.5)
Group therapy: 3 (18.75)
All described as residing in
urban setting with twoparent
household
Diagnostic approach:
Referral (diagnosis by
medical and psychological
assessment by physicians
in the public hospitals)
Diagnostic tool/method:
DSM-IV
Diagnostic category, n
(%):
Mild or high-functioning
autism: 8 (50)
Aspergers: 8 (50)
Both groups were split 4/4
for high-functioning autism
and asperger syndrome
Other characteristics:
Height, mean/cm ± SD:
G1a: 128.75 ± 7.83
G1b: 124.43 ± 4.04
Weight, mean kg ± SD:
C-21
Antisocial/
aggressive, mean:
G1a: 52.00 ± 3.30
G1b: 56.00 ± 7.60
Defiant/disruptive:
G1a: 59.50 ± 5.15
G1b: 58.63 ± 7.41
Antisocial behavior
total:
G1a: 58.00 ± 4.17
G1b: 59.38 ± 6.93
Motor skills:
HAAR, mean ± SD:
HAAR stage 1mental
adjustment:
G1a: 95 ± 9.26
G1b: 100 ± 0
HAAR stage II-intro
to water:
G1a: 51.25 ± 15.53
T3:
Academic
behavior:
G1a: 50.38 ± 2.45
G1b: 52.75 ± 4.03
Social skills:
T2:
SBSS-2, mean ±
SD:
Peer relations:
G1a: 43.88 ± 4.92
G1b: 41.63 ± 5.26
Social
competence total:
G1a: 46.25 ± 3.99
G1b: 43.88 ± 3.48
T3:
SBSS-2, mean ±
SD:
Peer relations:
G1a: 45.50 ± 5.45