Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
Author:
Inclusion criteria: Commonly Commonly
Chalfant et al., Intervention:
• Met criteria for an anxiety occurring occurring co-
2007
CBT based on “cool kids” Disorder beyond their comoribidities: morbidities:
(Lyneham, Abbott, ASD symptoms. Child Report: Child Report:
Country: Wignall, & Rapee, 2003) • Children with frequent , Children’s Automatic Children’s
Australia consisted of recognition of irrational fears and Thoughts Scale Automatic
Practice
anxious feelings and
reactions to anxiety,
avoidant behaviors (internalizing), mean Thoughts Scale
± SD:
(internalizing),
setting:
cognitive restructuring Exclusion criteria: G1: 43.82 ± 22.91 mean ± SD:
Academic
Intervention
setting:
Clinic
Enrollment
period:
NR
Funding:
NR
strategies, coping self- • Intellectual delay
talk, exposure to feared • Physical disability
stimuli, and relapse • Currently taking anti-
prevention; 2-hr weekly anxiety or anti-
sessions for 9 weeks, and depressant medication
three monthly booster • Those presenting with
sessions totaling 12 marked externalizing
sessions
difficulties (e.g. Conduct
Disorder or Oppositional
Groups:
Defiant Disorder) or
G1: CBT
whose parents were
G2: Wait-list control
experiencing acute
marital breakdown
Provider:
G2: 54.58 ± 14.8 G1: 10.39 ± 5.56
G2: 51 ± 11.87
Revised Children’s
Manifest Anxiety Revised
Scale, mean ± SD: Children’s
G1: 15.86 ± 3.33 Manifest Anxiety
G2: 17.58 ± 4.10 Scale, mean ±
SD:
Spence Children’s G1: 4.93 ± 2.55
Anxiety Scale, mean G2: 16.74 ± 4.63
± SD:
G1: 43.57 ± 12.74 Spence Children’s
G2: 42.26 ± 8.53 Anxiety Scale,
mean ± SD:
• Clinical psychologist
G1: 13.79 ± 10.96
G2: 41.37 ± 9.09
Author industry
relationship
disclosures:
NR
Design:
RCT
Chalfant et al.,
2007 (continued)
Assessment:
Multi-modal and multiperson
assessment
Self report: RCMAS,
SCAS, CATS
Parent-report: SCAS,
SDQ
Teacher report: SDQ
Measure of treatment
fidelity reported:
No
Co-interventions held
stable during treatment:
NR
Concomitant therapies:
NR
N at enrollment:
G1: 32
G2: 19
N at follow-up:
G1: 28
G2: 19
Age, mean/years ± SD:
G1 and G2 combined: 10.8
± 1.35
Range: 8-13 years
Mental age:
NR
Gender:
G1 and G2 combined
M, n (%): 35 (74)
F, n (%): 12 (26)
Race/ethnicity:
NR
SES:
Maternal education: NR
Household income: NR
Diagnostic approach:
In Study (method):
Independent diagnosis;
confirmed during baseline
Referral (method):
Community health
centers, mental health
professionals, medical
practitioners, and
parents
Diagnostic tool / method:
Diagnosed by pediatrician,
C-196
Children’s Automatic
Thoughts Scale
(hostile intent),
mean ± SD:
G1: 14.75 ± 8.61
G2: 11.21 ± 5.67
Parent Report:
Spence Children’s
Anxiety Scale –
Parent report, mean
± SD:
G1: 44.96 ± 13.7
G2: 46.79 ± 10.95
Strengths and
difficulties
questionnaire –
Parent report
(emotional) , mean ±
SD:
G1: 7.25 ± 1.88
G2: 7.37 ± 2.48
Strengths and
difficulties
questionnaire –
Parent report
(externalizing) ,
mean ± SD:
G1: 6.96 ± 4.29
G2: 5.95 ± 5.23
Teacher report:
Strengths and
Children’s
Automatic
Thoughts Scale
(hostile intent),
mean ± SD:
G1: 9.54 ± 5.64
G2: 11.37 ± 5.25
Parent Report:
Spence Children’s
Anxiety Scale –
Parent report,
mean ± SD:
G1: 13.96 ± 5.11
G2: 44.16 ± 9.04
Strengths and
difficulties
questionnaire –
Parent report
(emotional) ,
mean ± SD:
G1: 2.75 ± 1.38
G2: 8.21 ± 1.03
Strengths and
difficulties