Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
Author:
Intervention:
Inclusion criteria: Social skills: Social Skills:
Gevers et al., Theory of Mind (TOM) to • Met DSM-IV criteria for TOM Test score, TOM Test score,
2006
the child, with an average PDD-NOS
mean ± SD: mean ± SD:
Country:
Netherlands
Practice
duration of 7 months
Social-cognition training
to the parents (5 monthly
• WISC-R Verbal IQ > 85 Total:
with average intelligence G1: 52.8 ± 7.8
Exclusion criteria: Perception/
Total:
G1: 62.7 ± 5.2
G1/BL: P = 0.000
setting:
Academic
Intervention
setting:
Clinic
Enrollment
period:
NR
Funding:
NR
Author industry
relationship
disclosures:
NR
Design:
Prospective case
series
sessions)
• See inclusion criteria imitiation:
Perception/
Assessments:
Age years (range): G1: 6.6 ± 1.5 imitiation:
Multidisciplinary 8-11
Emotion
G1: 8.2 ± 1.2
assessment by a Mental age:
recognition: G1/BL: P = 0.000
specialized team and WISC-R Verbal IQ, mean ± G1: 5.0 ± 0.0 Emotion
parent report
SD: 97.1 ± 14.9
Pretense:
recognition:
TOM Test and VABS WISC-R Verbal IQ > 85, n G1: 4.1 ± 1.3 G1: 4.9 ± 0.2
assessed prior to training (%): 18 (100)
Distinction physical- G1/BL: P = NS
and within 4 weeks after Gender, n (%):
mental:
Pretense:
completion of treatment Male: 13 (72.2)
G1: 2.8 ± 0.6 G1: 4.8 ± 0.5
Groups:
Female: 5 (27.8)
TOM 1:
G1/BL: P = 0.039
G1: TOM and social Race/ethnicity:
G1: 18.4 ± 2.4 Distinction
cognition training NR
First order belief: physical-mental:
Provider:
SES:
G1: 24.3 ± 4.9 G1: 2.9 ± 0.2
Special team
Maternal education: NR False belief: G1/BL: P = NS
Measure of treatment Household income: NR G1: 2.6 ± 0.6 TOM 1:
fidelity reported: Diagnostic approach: TOM 2:
G1: 20.9 ± 1.2
NR
In Study
G1: 27.0 ± 4.8 G1/BL: P = 0.000
Co-interventions held Diagnostic tool/method: Second order belief: First order belief:
stable during treatment: DSM-IV for PDD-NOS G1: 0.6 ± 0.5 G1: 29.6 ± 2.6
NR
Diagnostic category, n Irony/humor: G1/BL: P = 0.001
Concomitant therapies: (%):
G1: 6.9 ± 2.2 False belief:
NR
Autism: NR
TOM 3:
G1: 2.7 ± 0.6
N at enrollment: PDD-NOS: 18 (100) G1: 7.7 ± 2.4 G1/BL: P = NS
G1: 18
Aspergers: NR
Adaptive behavior: TOM 2:
N at follow-up:
Other characteristics: VABS socialization G1: 32.3 ± 3.0
G1: 18
NR
subdomain score, G1/BL: P = 0.001
developmental Second order
quotient, mean ± belief:
SD:
G1: 0.8 ± 0.4
Interpersonal G1/BL: P = NS
relationships: Irony/humor:
G1: 0.36 ± 0.09 G1: 8.7 ± 1.6
Play/leisure: G1/BL: P = 0.002
G1: 0.39 ± 0.10 TOM 3:
Social skills: G1: 9.5 ± 1.9
G1: 0.51 ± 0.13 G1/BL: P = 0.001
Gevers et al.,
Adaptive
2006 (continued)
Behavior:
VABS
socialization
subdomain score,
developmental
quotient, mean ±
SD:
Interpersonal
relationships:
G1: 0.42 ± 0.14
G1/BL: P = 0.021
Play/leisure:
G1: 0.47 ± 0.10
C-272