Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
Author:
Intervention:
Inclusion criteria: Social skills: Social skills:
Heimann et al., Imitation interaction vs. • Non-verbal children with Proportion of time Proportion of time
2006
contingent, non-imitative autism spectrum displaying social displaying social
Country: interaction
disorder by ICD-10 interest, still-face interest, still-face
Norway
Assessments:
criteria
phases, %: phases, % ± SD:
Practice PEP-R subscales for Exclusion criteria: G1: NR*
G1: 35.23 ± 31.01
setting:
Academic
imitation, perception,
cognitive performance
• See inclusion criteria
Age, years (range):
G2: NR*
G1/G2: P = NS
G2: 12.90 ± 14.59
G1/BL: P < 0.05
Intervention
setting:
and cognitive verbal
administered 4-8 weeks
6.42 (4.33, 12.75)
Age, months ± SD:
Proportion of time
displaying social
G2/BL: P = NS
G1/G2: P < 0.05
Clinic
before treatment and G1: 87.0 ± 32.5
interest, free play Proportion of time
Enrollment again after treatment G2: 67.4 ± 10.1
phases, %: displaying social
period:
Social interest composite Mental age, years ± SD G1: NR*
interest, free play
NR
score created from coding (range):
G2: NR*
phases, % ± SD:
Funding:
Meltzer
Foundation,
University of
Bergen
scheme of Nadel et al. 2.08 ± 1.0 (1-4.42)
2000 adapted to measure Developmental age,
social behaviors in still- months ± SD:
face and free play phases PEP-R:
Duration:
G1: 23.2 ± 10.4
G1/G2: P = NS
PEP-R imitation
subscale score,
mean ± SD:
G1: 19.1 ± 12.4
G1: 33.7 ± 14.6
G2: 21.5 ± 11.8
G1/BL: P < 0.05
G2/BL: P = NS
G1/G2: P < 0.05
Author industry Four 3-minute phases of G2: 27.5 ± 13.5
G2: 26.3 ± 13.6 PEP-R imitation
relationship
disclosures:
still face procedure, Perceptual age:
intervention, still-face, and G1: 27.8 ± 14.0
G1/G2: P = NS subscale score,
mean change ±
NR
free play initially G2: 35.5 ± 20.5
SD:
Design:
RCT
conducted then repeated
after 30-60 minute break
Cognitive non-verbal:
G1: 22.1 ± 9.3
G1: 6.5 ± 9.6
G2: -0.6 ± 2.8
Frequency: four-phase G2: 24.6 ± 13.5
G1/BL: P < 0.05
procedure conducted
twice in one session
Cognitive verbal:
G1: 23.9 ± 9.6
G2/BL: P = NS
G1/G2: P < 0.01
Groups:
G2: 23.7 ± 11.1
Harms:
G1: imitation interaction Imitation age:
G2: contingent interaction G1: 19.1 ± 12.4
NR
Modifiers:
Provider:
G2: 26.3 ± 13.5
NR
NR
Measure of treatment
fidelity reported:
Language age (PEP),
mean ± SD:
G1: 23.0 ± 8.9
No
G2: 24.2 ± 12.0
Co-interventions held Gender, n (%):
stable during treatment: Male: 19 (95)
NA
Concomitant therapies,
Female: 1 (5)
Race/ethnicity:
n:
NR
Imitation training: SES:
G1: 0
G2: 2
N at enrollment:
Maternal education: NR
Household income: NR
Diagnostic approach:
G1: 10
G2: 10
N at follow-up:
G1: 10
G2: 10
Referral
Heimann et al.,
Diagnostic tool/method:
2006 (continued)
NR
Diagnostic category, n
(%):
Autism: 20 (100)
Other characteristics:
NR
C-274