Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population
Author:
Intervention:
Inclusion criteria:
Coben et al., 2007 Assessment-guided • Diagnosed ASD
Country: neurofeedback for at least Exclusion criteria:
US
Practice
20 sessions
Assessments:
• See inclusion criteria
Age, years (range):
setting:
Diagnostic interview with G1: 8.92 (3.92-14.66)
Private practice parents to ascertain core G2: 8.19 (5.83-10.92)
Intervention behavioral, cognitive, and Mental age:
setting:
social/emotional issues of NR
Clinic
concern
Gender, n (%):
Enrollment
period:
Before and after treatment:
ATEC, GADS,
Male:
G1: 31 (84)
NR
GARS, BRIEF, PIC-2, G2: 10 (83)
Funding: Quantitative EEG Female:
NR
analysis, and infrared G1: 6 (16)
Author industry imaging
G2: 2 (17)
relationship Groups:
Race/ethnicity, n (%):
disclosures:
Neurorehabilita-
G1: intervention
G2: waitlist group
White:
G1: 36 (97)
tion and Neuro- Provider: NR
G2: 12 (100)
psychological
services (2)
Measure of treatment
fidelity reported:
Asian:
G1: 1 (3)
Design: No
G2: 0
Non randomized Co-interventions held SES:
controlled trial stable during treatment: Maternal education: NR
Yes (no new treatments Household income: NR
undertaken by study Diagnostic approach:
participants)
Concomitant therapies,
In Study/Referral
Diagnostic tool/method:
n (%):
NR
One medication: Diagnostic category, n
G1: 8 (22)
(%):
G2: 2 (12)
Autism:
Two medications: G1: 7 (18.9)
G1: 5 (14)
G2: NR
G2: 1 (8)
PDD-NOS:
Three medications: G1: 21 (56.8)
G1: 2 (5)
G2: NR
G2: 1 (8)
N at enrollment:
Aspergers:
G1: 5 (13.5)
G1: 38
G2: NR
G2: 12
Childhood disintegrative
N at follow-up:
G1: 37
disorder:
G1: 4 (10.8)
G2: 12
G2: NR
Other characteristics, n
(%):
Right handed:
G1: 27 (73)
G2: 9 (75)
Coben et al., 2007
(continued)
Left handed:
G1: 5 (14)
G2: 2 (17)
Mixed handedness:
C-202
Baseline
Measures Outcomes
Overall ratings: Overall ratings:
ATEC total score, ATEC total score,
mean:
mean:
G1: 46.1
G1: 27.733
GADS ADQ score, G1/BL: P < 0.000
mean:
GADS ADQ
G1: 83.852 score, mean:
BRIEF GEC score, G1: 72.519
mean:
G1/BL: P < 0.001
G1: 71.700 BRIEF GEC
PIC-2 TOTC score, score, mean:
mean:
G1: 64.767
G1: 71.250 G1/BL: P < 0.003
Medical:
PIC-2 TOTC
Neuropsychological score, mean:
testing, mean G1: 64.250
composite score: G1/BL: P < 0.006
Attention:
Medical:
G1: -1.859 Neuropsycholo-
Visual perception: gical testing,
G1: -2.483 mean composite
Executive: score:
G1: -1.818 Attention:
Language: G1: -0.571
G1: -1.928 G1/BL: P < 0.000
Medical:
Visual perception:
IR imaging, first G1: -1.584
session, minimum G1/BL: P < 0.000
thermal reading, Executive:
mean:
G1: -0.783
G1: 93.523 G1/BL: P < 0.001
IR imaging, first Language:
session, range of G1: -0.798
thermal degrees: G1/BL: P = 0.000
G1: 4.032
Medical:
IR imaging, 20th
session, minimum
thermal reading,
mean:
G1: 94.368
G1/BL: P = 0.043
IR imaging, 20th
session, range of
thermal degrees:
G1: 3.574
G1/BL: P = 0.050
Parent judgment
of treatment outcome,
n (%):
Improved symptoms:
G1: 33 (89)
G2: 2 (17)
No change:
G1: 4 (11)
G2: 10 (83)
G1/G2: P = 0.000