Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD (continued)
Study
Inclusion/ Exclusion
Description Intervention
Criteria/ Population
Funding: Intervention time G2: 42.8 ± 3.9
NR
(hours/week), mean ± SD: G3: 40.8 ± 5.6
Design: G1: 11.5 ± 6.0
Mental age:
Prospective cohort G2: 16.3 ± 3.3
NR
G3: 12.6 ± 2.3
Gender, n (% of group):
G1:
Assessments:
M: 11 (92)
Psycho-Educational F: 1 (8)
Profile-Revised (PEP-R); G2:
British Abilities Scale; M: 7 (87.5)
Vineland Adaptive F: 1 (12.5)
Behavior Scales; Gilliam G3:
Autism Rating Scale M: 12 (92)
(GARS)
F: 1 (8)
Reed et al.
2010 (continued)
Assessments were
performed by an
educational psychologist
at the child’s home at
baseline. The follow up
assessments were
performed by the same
psychologist at the child’s
home 9 months later.
Groups:
G1: General Special
Nursery
G2: Autistic Special
Nursery
G3: PACTS
Provider:
Psychologist
Treatment manual
followed:
NR
Measure of treatment
fidelity reported:
No
Co-interventions held
stable during treatment:
Yes
Concomitant therapies:
No other major
interventions during
assessment period
N at enrollment:
G1: 12
G2: 8
G3: 13
N at follow-up:
G1: 12
G2: 8
Race/ethnicity:
NR
SES:
Maternal education: NR
Household income: NR
Diagnostic approach:
In Study
Diagnostic tool/method:
Independent pediatrician
Diagnostic category:
NR
Other characteristics:
Characteristics
interventions:
Intervention hours/week,
range:
G1: 3-21
G2: 13-23
G3: 11-20
1:1 teaching, hours/week
± SD:
G1: 2.6 ± 2.5
G2: 1.8 ± 1.0
G3: 12.2 ± 2.5
Group teaching,
hours/week ± SD:
G1: 8.9 ± 5.5
G2: 14.6 ± 2.6
G3: 0.5 ± 0.9
Tutors, mean n ± SD:
C-25
Baseline
Measures Outcomes
G3: 49.3 ± 13.2 PEP–R overall
score, mean ±
BAS cognitive SD:
ability, mean ± SD: G1: 56.6 ± 24.1
G1: 55.0 ± 14.0 P < 0.07, ES =
G2: 61.9 ± 10.2 0.63
G3: 52.4 ± 10.0 G2: 70.1 ± 16.3
P < 0.05, ES = 0.7
G3: 55.9 ± 21.5
P > 0.10, ES = 0.5
Adaptive behavior:
Vineland composite,
mean ± SD:
G1: 51.1 ± 4.5
G2: 55.8 ± 3.5
G3: 56.2 ± 4.1
Educational
functioning:
BAS cognitive
ability, mean ±
SD:
G1: 63.4 ± 16.2
P < 0.01
G2: 69.0 ± 14.9
P > 0.10
G3: 57.6 ± 12.6
P < 0.05
Adaptive
behavior:
Vineland
composite, mean
± SD:
G1: 54.2 ± 9.3
P > 0.10, ES = 1.2
G2: 59.3 ± 5.1
P < 0.05, ES = 0.8
G3: 55.8 ± 5.6)
ES = -0.1
Significant
improvements for
3 developmental
age outcomes
relative to
baseline for all 3
groups were
observed
Harms:
NR
Modifiers:
Relationship
between overall
gains and
temporal input:
G1 & G2: Posiitve
(gains = 1.4 +0.3