Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes
G3: 13 ± 1.41
mean ± SD: (months), mean ±
Paternal education, mean G1: 95.11 ± 11.70 SD:
± SD:
G2: 93.19 ± 10.10 G1: 2.23 ± 10.04
G1: 14.62 ± 2.77 G3: 92.08 ± 13.84 (P < 0.05
G2: 13.13 ± 2.56 Age equivalents compared to
G3: 13.00 ± 1.81 (months), mean ± G2/G3 mean)
Parents’ education, mean ± SD:
G2: 26.27 ± 11.56
SD
G1: 28.86 ± 5.86 G3: 25.38 ± 10.00
G1: 14.36 ±2.22
G2: 33.56 ± 7.20
G2: 13.06 ± 1.82
G3: 12.97 ± 1.36
G3: 32.00 ± 6.25
Howard et al., Provider:
Diagnostic approach:
Referral
Diagnostic tool/method: Learning rates prior Learning rates
2005 (continued) • G1: 4-5 instructional DSM-IV
to intake, mean age between intake
assistants attending
equivalents per year and follow-up,
college trained and Diagnostic category, n ± SD:
mean age
supervised by staff w/ (%):
G1: 0.95 ± 0.18 equivalents per
masters degrees in G1:
G2: 0.90 ± 0.13 year ± SD:
psychology or special Autism: 24 (83)
G3: 0.93 ± 0.18 G1: 1.23 ± 0.56
ed and experience in PDD-NOS: 5 (17)
(P < 0.01
ABA with children with G2:
Educational/ compared to
autism. Some Autism: 12 (75)
cognitive/ G2/G3 mean)
supervisors assisted PDD-NOS: 4 (25) academic G2: 0.65 ± 0.47
by staff with bachelor’s G3:
attainment: G3: 0.48 ± 0.43
degrees and graduate Autism: 9 (56)
Standard Scores,
coursework in behavior PDD-NOS: 7 (44) mean ± SD: Expressive:
analysis. Supervisors
worked under direction Other characteristics:
G1: 58.84 ± 18.15
G2: 53.69 ± 13.50
Standard Scores,
mean ± SD:
of a Board Certified Severity of autism (number G3: 59.88 ± 14.85 G1: 70.46 ± 22.88
Behavior Analysis who of DSM-IV criteria), mean ± Age equivalents
was also a licensed SD
(months), mean ±
psychologist and a G1: 7.55±1.39
SD:
licensed speech and G2: 7.27±1.56
G1:17.04 ± 6.07
language pathologist. G3: 7.33±2.02
G2:17.27 ± 4.71
(P < 0.05
compared to
G2/G3 mean)
G2: 47.67 ± 23.39
G3: 46.79 ± 12.81
• G2: classroom
teachers received Marital status, n (%):
consultation from staff G1:
with 1-2 years Married: 23 (79)
graduate coursework Not married, divorced or
in behavior analysis Separated: 6 (21)
• G3: special education G2: (percent only for
teachers or certified known)
speech and language Married: 12 (80)
pathologists who Not married, divorced or
supervised 1-2 Separated: 3 (20)
paraprofessional aides Unknown: 1 (7)
G3:
Measure of treatment Married: 9 (56)
fidelity reported: Not married, divorced or
No
Separated: 7 (44)
Co-interventions held
stable during treatment:
No for G1
G2: individual or small
G3:17.10 ± 3.93 Age equivalents
(months), mean ±
Non-verbal: SD:
Standard Scores, G1: 31.96 ± 12.00
mean ± SD: (P < 0.05
G1: 80.14 ± 11.86 compared to
G2: 67.44 ± 16.69 G2/G3 mean)
G3: 77.69 ± 12.33 G2: 24.00 ± 12.02
Age equivalents G3: 23.31 ± 7.36
(months), mean ± Learning rates
SD:
between intake
G1: 24.43 ± 4.37 and follow-up,
G2: 24.75 ± 6.01 mean age
G3: 26.83 ± 6.95 equivalents per
Learning rates prior year ± SD:
to intake, mean age G1: 1.22 ± 0.73
equivalents per year (P < 0.01
± SD
compared to
G1: 0.79 ± 0.14 G2/G3 mean)
G2: 0.67 ± 0.17 G2: 0.49 ± 0.78
G3: 0.78 ± 0.12 G3: 0.33 ± 0.45
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