Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD (continued)
Study
Inclusion/ Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/ Population Measures Outcomes
Groups:
Diagnostic approach: G2: 11.64 ± 1.17 G1/G2: P = 0.019
G1: PECS
Referral
G1/G2: P = 0.038 Picture
G2: RPMT
Diagnostic tool/method: MSEL expressive exchanges, mean
Provider:
ADOS
language, standard ± SD:†
• Master’s level Diagnostic category, n score, mean ± SD:† G1: 3.84 ± 4.5
professsionals (%):
G1: 19.47 ± 1.26 G2: 1.06 ± 1.3
• Closely supervised Autism: 33 (91.7) G2: 21.59 ± 3.36 ANOVA: time
paraprofessionals PDD-NOS: 3 (8.3) G1/G2: P = 0.024 (P < 0.001), time
Treatment manual Aspergers: 0
x treatment
followed:
Yes
(P < 0.001)
Yoder and Stone, Defined protocol Other characteristics: MSEL receptive Frequency of non-
2006a, 2006b followed:
IQ, mean ± SD (range): language, standard imitative spoken
Yoder and Yes
G1: 55 ± 7 (49-67) score, mean ± SD:† acts, end of Rx,
Lieberman, 2009† Measure of treatment G2: 54 ± 6 (49-67) G1: 19.26 ± 0.45 mean ± SD:
(continued) fidelity reported: Number of words used G2: 19.41 ± 0.51 2.2 ± 3.9
Yes
across ESCS and G1/G2: P = NS Number of
Co-interventions held unstructured free play, IQ (derived from different non-
stable during treatment: mean ± SD (range): Mullen), mean ± imitative words,
NR
G1: 0.6 ± 1 (0-5)
SD:†
end of Rx, mean ±
Concomitant therapies, G2: 0.4 ± 0.7 (0-2) G1: 50.32 ± 5.2 G2: SD:
mean ± SD: {#487} Number of spoken acts 51.76 ± 5.41 G1/G2: 1.6 ± 2.8
Rx phase: 16.8 ± 22.7 across ESCS and P = NS
Frequency of
6 months: 34.4 ± 39 unstructured free play, Picture exchanges, nonimitative
P = 0.002
mean ± SD (range): mean:†
spoken acts, 6
Community based G1: 1.1 ± 2 (0-6)
G1: 0.05
months, mean ±
speech therapy, hrs/ G2: 0.6 ± 1 (0-4)
G2: 0.06
SD:
month, mean ± SD: Number of initiating joint
5.5 ± 10.4
Rx phase: 7.4 ± 4.2 attention in ESCS, mean ± Frequency of non- P = 0.005
6 months: 9.3 ± 5.9 SD (range):
imitative spoken Number of
P = 0.07
G1: 3 ± 4 (0-18)
acts, study entry, different non-
Community based G2: 2 ± 2 (0-7)
mean ± SD: imitative words, 6
speech therapy, Number of requests in 0.25 ± 0.84 months, mean ±
hrs/month, mean ESCS, mean ± SD (range): Number of different SD:
change ± SD:
G1: 13 ± 8 (1-26) non-imitative words, 3 ± 5.8
G1: 4.0 ± 6.9
G2: 11 ± 6 (2-20) study entry, mean ± P = 0.001
G2: -0.3 ± 5.19
Number of object SD: 0.17 ± 0.56 Frequency of non-
G1/G2: P = 0.05 exchanges in turn-taking
imitative spoken
N at enrollment: procedure, mean ± SD
acts, end of Rx,
G1: 19
(range):
adjusted* group
G2: 17
G1: 5 ± 5 (0-16)
mean ± SD:
N at follow-up:
G2: 2 ± 3 (0-8)
G1: 3.6 ± 4.8
G1: 19
Parent report of words
G2: 0.6 ± 4.8
G2: 17
understood, mean ± SD
P = 0.03
(range):
Number of
G1: 108 ± 87 (3-291)
different non-
G2: 62 ± 49 (1-141)
imitative words,
Fidelity of prescription:
end of Rx,
G1: 2.88 ± 0.09
adjusted* group
G2: 2.99 ± 0.17
mean ± SD:
G1: 2.4 ± 3.6
Other characteristics,
G2: 0.6 ± 3.6
mean ± SD (range):
P = 0.04
Cognitive standard score:
Frequency of non-
51 ± 5.3 (48-67)
imitative spoken
Number of different
acts, 6 months,
nonimitative words used in
adjusted* group
C-111