Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD
Study
Inclusion/Exclusion
Description Intervention
Criteria/Population
Author:
Inclusion criteria:
Zachor et al., Intervention:
• Met DSM-IV criteria for
2007
Participants received Autism/PDD-NOS
Country: either applied behavioral Exclusion criteria:
Israel
Practice
setting:
or eclectic treatment.
Behavioral was 1-to-1
individualized treatment
• Identified medical
abnormalities, such as
seizures, hearing
Academic
Intervention
for 35 hrs/week addres- deficiencies
sing various skills such as Age, months (range):
setting:
imitation, receptive and G1: 27.7 (22-34)
Clinic
expressive language, joint G2: 28.8 (23-33)
Enrollment attention, non-verbal Mental age:
period:
communication, pre- NR
NR
academic skills, play, fine Gender, n (%):
Funding: motor skills and adaptive Male:
Israeli Ministry of living skills.
G1: 19 (95)
Education Eclectic was small-group G2: 18 (95)
Author industry
relationship
activities supervised by Female:
special education teacher, G1: 1 (5)
disclosures: individual therapy with G2: 1 (5)
NR
various therapists (i.e., Race/ethnicity, n (%):
Design: speech and language, NR
Prospective cohort occupational and music SES:
Note:
therapies, and structured Maternal education: NR
See related cognitive teaching; each Household income: NR
studies: Ben provided 2 hr of individual, Diagnostic approach:
Itzchak et al. 1 hr of group therapy, and In Study
2007, Zachor et al. 1 hr of consultation to the Diagnostic tool/method:
2007, Zachor et al. team), and also included ADI
2009, Ben Itzchak parent training to address Diagnostic category, n
et al. 2007; the problem behaviors. (%):
overlap among Assessments:
Autism:
these is not clear Autism severity: ADI, G1: 19 (95)
ADOS
G2: 18 (95)
Cognitive ability: BSID-II ASD:
(pre-verbal children), SB- G1: 1 (5)
FE
G2: 1 (5)
Groups:
Other characteristics:
G1: behavioral
G2: eclectic
Provider:
Special education
teacher, speech and
language therapists,
occupational therapists,
music therapists, behavior
analysts
Measure of treatment
fidelity reported:
No
Co-interventions held
stable during treatment:
NR
NR
C-266
Baseline
Measures Outcomes
Social skills: Overall ratings:
ADOS reciprocal ASD diagnostic
social interaction category, n (%):
score, mean ± SD: Autism:
G1: 17.9 ± 6.2 G1: 11 (55)
G2: 16.3 ± 5.2 G2: 15 (79)
Communication/ ASD:
language: G1: 5 (25)
ADOS language and G2: 4 (21)
communication Off spectrum:
score, mean ± SD: G1: 4 (20)
G1: 13.8 ± 4.3 G2: 0
G2: 11.8 ± 4.3 G1/G2: P < 0.05
Social skills:
ADOS reciprocal
social interaction
score, mean ±
SD:
G1: 11.1 ± 6.7
G2: 13.3 ± 4.8
G1/BL: P < 0.001
G2/BL: P < 0.05
G1/G2: P = 0.07
Communication/
language:
ADOS language
and communication
score,
mean ± SD:
G1: 7.2 ± 4.1
G2: 9.7 ± 3
G1/BL: P < 0.001
G2/BL: P = 0.07
G1/G2: P < 0.01
Harms:
NR
Modifiers:
NR