Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Evidence Table. Therapies for children with ASD (continued)
Study
Inclusion/ Exclusion Baseline
Description Intervention
Criteria/ Population Measures Outcomes
2007, 2008 immediately after final Maternal education: NR G1: 53.7 ± 9.7 mean ± SD:
({#302; #58}) massage session, and 5 Household income: NR G2: 47.0 ± 13.0 Teacher-rated:
months after the Diagnostic approach: G1/G2: P = NS G1: NR
intervention was Referral
Parent-rated: G2: NR
completed
Diagnostic tool/method: G1: 57.5 ± 6.8 ANCOVA:** treat-
Groups:
NR
G2: 49.0 ± 13.10 ment (P < 0.05;
G1: qigong massage Diagnostic category:
G2: waitlist control Regressive autism:
Co-interventions held G1: 13
stable during treatment: G2: 9
Yes
Nonregressive autism:
Frequency of contact G1: 12
during study:
G2: 12
20 training and treatment Other characteristics:
visits over 5 months NR
Concomitant therapies,
n:
Early intervention
G1/G2: P < 0.05*
partial ɳ
Problem behavior:
PDDBI maladaptive
behaviors score,
mean ± SD:
Teacher-rated:
G1: 50.9 ± 10.4
G2: 56.5 ± 13.3
G1/G2: P = NS
Parent-rated:
G1: 56.8 ± 11.5
G2: 59.5 ± 10.7
preschools (5-10 hours
G1/G2: P = NS
per week): “majority of
Sensory:
children”
PDDBI sensory
Oregon’s Regional Prog-
score, mean ± SD:
ram Autism Training Sites
Teacher-rated:
preschool program: 4
G1: NR
N at enrollment:
G1: 25
G2: 21
G2: NR
G1/G2: P < 0.01*
2 = 0.109)
Parent-rated:
G1: 38.5 ± 11.7
G2: NR
ANCOVA:** treatment
(P < 0.001;
partial ɳ 2 = 0.299)
Parent-rated, 5
month follow-up:
G1: 38.6 ± 9.9
(n=19)
Silva et al., 2009 N at follow-up:
Parent-rated: Communication/
(continued) G1: 25
G1: 54.2 ± 9.6 language:
G2: 21
G2: 56.0 ± 9.6 Teacher PDDBI
G1/G2: P = NS PDDBI receptive/
Sense and Self- expressive social
regulation Checklist communication
score, mean ± SD: abilities composite
Sense:
score, mean ±
G1: 16.4 ± 6.2 SD:
G2: 19.5 ± 6.1 Teacher-rated:
G1/G2: P = NS G1: 56.7 ± 9.7
Systems:
G2: 47.6 ± 12.1
G1: 8.2 ± 3.7 G1/BL: P < 0.01
G2: 10.1 ± 4.5 G2/BL: P = NS
G1/G2: P = NS ANCOVA:** treatment
(P < 0.01;
partial ɳ 2 = 0.182)
Parent-rated:
G1: 61.1 ± 7.0
G2: 49.2 ± 12.8
G1/BL: P < 0.01
G2/BL: P = NS
ANCOVA:** treatment
(P < 0.007;
partial ɳ 2 = 0.200)
Parent-rated, 5
month follow-up:
G1: 59.8 ± 9.2
(n=19)
Problem
C-100