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Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

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Evidence Table. <strong>Therapies</strong> <strong>for</strong> children with ASD<br />

Study<br />

Inclusion/Exclusion Baseline<br />

Description Intervention<br />

Criteria/Population Measures Outcomes<br />

Practice weeks then 1 mg/day <strong>for</strong> Exclusion criteria: CGAS score, mean ± G2: 37.5 (30setting:<br />

the remaining 6 months • Severe mental SD:<br />

42.5)<br />

Academic Assessments:<br />

retardation<br />

G1: 29.79 ± 7.27 G1/G2: P < 0.001<br />

Intervention<br />

setting:<br />

CARS, CGAS conducted<br />

by investigator at intake<br />

• Significant co-existing G2: 32.65 ± 7.95<br />

disease/illness IQ, n (%):<br />

CARS score ≥<br />

20% improvement<br />

Pediatric neuro- and every 8 weeks <strong>for</strong> 6 • Severe malnutrition Borderline IQ: from baseline:<br />

development clinic months<br />

(weight <strong>for</strong> age < 60% G1: 9 (47.4)<br />

G1: 12/19<br />

Enrollment Parent questionnaire of NCHS median) G2: 8 (40)<br />

G2: 0/20<br />

period:<br />

designed <strong>for</strong> study Age, months ± SD: Mild retardation: CGAS score,<br />

January 2002 to Groups:<br />

G1: 57.95 ± 20.84 G1: 6 (31.6)<br />

mean ± SD:<br />

December 2003 G1: risperidone<br />

G2: 63.0 ± 20.12 G2: 5 (25)<br />

G1: 40.94 ± 7.83<br />

Funding: G2: placebo<br />

Mental age:<br />

Moderate retardation: G2: 35.2 ± 9.38<br />

Postgraduate Co-interventions held NR<br />

G1: 4 (21.1)<br />

G1/G2: P = 0.035<br />

Institute of Medical stable during treatment: Gender, n (%): Male: G2: 7 (35)<br />

CGAS score ≥<br />

Education and Yes (psychoactive G1: 16 (84.2)<br />

VABS social maturity 20% improvement<br />

Research, medications stopped 1 G2: 18 (90)<br />

score, mean ± SD: from baseline:<br />

Chandigarh month in advance of Female:<br />

G1: 61.92 ± 16.16 G1: 17/19<br />

Author industry entering trial; no other G1: 3 (15.8)<br />

G2: 60.64 ± 19.31 G2: 2/20<br />

relationship drugs administered G2: 2 (10)<br />

Communication/ Parent impress-<br />

disclosures: concurrently except Race/ethnicity: language, n (%): sions, global, n:<br />

NR<br />

antiepileptics); non- NR<br />

Simple sentences: Considerably<br />

Design: medical interventions not SES:<br />

G1: 3 (16)<br />

improved:<br />

RCT, block reported<br />

Maternal education: NR G2: 2 (10)<br />

G1: 9/19<br />

randomization, Frequency of contact Socioeconomic class, n Few meaningful G2: 0/20<br />

double blind study during study:<br />

(%):<br />

words:<br />

Improved to some<br />

Every 8 weeks<br />

Very high:<br />

G1: 5 (26.3)<br />

extent:<br />

Concomitant therapies: G1: 3 (15.8)<br />

G2: 5 (25)<br />

G1: 9/19<br />

NR<br />

G2: 6 (30)<br />

Imitate speech sounds G2: 6/20<br />

N at enrollment: Upper middle:<br />

only:<br />

No change:<br />

G1: 19<br />

G1: 10 (52.6)<br />

G1: 7 (36.8)<br />

G1: 0/19<br />

G2: 21<br />

G2: 5 (25)<br />

G2: 7 (35)<br />

G2: 9/20<br />

N at follow-up:<br />

Middle:<br />

Nonverbal<br />

Worsened:<br />

G1: 19<br />

G1: 5 (26.3)<br />

communication: G1: 1/19<br />

G2: 20<br />

G2: 8 (40)<br />

G1: 2 (10.5)<br />

G2: 4/20<br />

Lower middle:<br />

G2: 5 (25)<br />

G1/G2: P = NS<br />

G1: 1 (5.3)<br />

No communication: Social skills:<br />

G2: 1 (5)<br />

G1: 2 (10.5)<br />

Parent impress-<br />

Diagnostic approach: G2: 1 (5)<br />

sions, social<br />

NR<br />

Medical:<br />

responsiveness,<br />

Diagnostic<br />

Weight, mean kg ± n:<br />

tool/method:<br />

SD:<br />

Significantly<br />

Clinical interview, DSM- G1: 16.17 ± 3.38 improved:<br />

IV<br />

G2: 18.25 ± 5.6 G1: 7/19<br />

Previous medication, n G2: NR<br />

(%):<br />

None:<br />

G1: 15 (79)<br />

G2: 16 (80)<br />

G1/G2: P = 0.014<br />

C-291

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