Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

The Trophy 109
And pillars lopped to be Jove's effigies.
Not theirs to fire the fray with bellowing horn :
True home-bred chiefs and prowess old they chant,
Till praise o' the past begets new valiancy ^
The name Phalces means a 'beam-,' being in fact the same
word as our 'balk' of timber ^ If we may
assume that this name was traditional^ it
points perhaps to the existence of a pillarcult
among the Corallil However that maybe,
the 'pillars lopped to be Jove's effigies' were
doubtless tree-trunks shorn of their boughs and
.
viewed as vehicles of the sky-god. As such
they had their parallel in the trophy-stand
common throughout the classical area (figs. 71",
72^ etc.^), a trimmed oak-trunk which likewise
could be called the image of Zeus'*. Moreover,
just as the Irminsdl developed into the richly-
carved column of Mogontiacum, so the rude
trophy-log gave rise to such monuments as Figs. I—:
^ Val. Flacc. 6. 88 ff. hos super aeratam Phalces agit aequore nubem (P. Burmannus
sen. cj. pubem) \
cum
fremitu, densique levant vexilla Coralli, |
ferrataque (F. Hertlein cj. serrataque) dorso |
| columnae ;
suorum |
| proelia nee rauco curant incendere cornu,
forma
barbaricae
quis signa rolae
suum truncaeque lovis simulacra
indigenas
sed rite duces et prisca
facta canunt veterumque viris hortamina laudes.
For wheels as solar emblems in the bronze and iron ages see J. Dechelette Manuel
(Varchiologie prihistoriqtie Paris 1910 ii. i. 296 f., 413—418, id.ib. Paris 1913 ii. 2. 885
892 in addition to the literature cited supra i. 197 n. 7.
On boars as badges see Tac. Germ. 45, cp. hist. 4. 22, Plin. nat. hist. 10. 16, Fest.
p. 234rt 31 ff. Mliller, p. 266, 16 ff. Lindsay, Paul, ex Fest. p. 235, 7 f. Midler, p. 267, 6 ff.
Lindsay, and the information collected by J. P. Cassel Observationcs aiitiquariae de porco
in vexillis ct in foederibus apiid vetcres Roinanos Magdeburgi 1748, J. Grimm Teittonic
Mythology trans. J. S. Stallybrass London 1882 i. 213—215, id. ib. London 1888 iv. 1328,
i355> G. A. Miiller Die Reitergriippe auf den romisch-germanischen Giganten-Sdtilen
Strassburg i/E und Blihl (Baden) 1894 p. 15
pi. 2, 6 (a group of boar and snake-legged
giant in the Museum at Wiesbaden), R. Forrer Reallex. p. 194 lig. 165, id. Keltische
Niimismatik der Rhein- tend Donaulandc Strassburg (908 p. 29 figs. 46, 48, p. 46 fig. 88,
p. 114 fig. 203, p. 290 f. fig. 491, p. 346 figs. 539— 541 (bronze statuettes fi^m Hradischt
near Stradonic and Gallo-Germanic coins in gold, silver, potin), A. von Domaszewski Die
Fahnen im rbmischen Heere {Abha)idlungen des archdologisch-epigraphischen Seminares der
Universitlit Wien v) Wien 1885 pp. 12, 55,
id. Die Religion des roinischen Hecres Trier
1895 p. 119, id. Abhandlungen zur rbmischen Religion Leipzig und Berlin 1909 p. 12
{ = Arch.-ep. Mitth. 1892 xv. 192), and especially S. Reinach Bionzes Figtiri's pp. 2^S4
258, id. Cultes, Mythes et Religions Paris 1905 i. 22 { — Revue scientifiqite 1900 ii. 454), 45
fig. II, 52, 67 ff. {-Revue celtique 1900 xxi. 285, 297 ff.), 244, 262 ff. { = Revue celtique
I90ixxii. 1 5 7 ff. ), /i^. 2i5. Paris 1908 iii. 177 { = Revue de rHis/oire des Religions i()0-,\\i. 74).
^ Poll. I. 85 x6 be TTJ GTelpq. irpoffTjXovfievov (paXK-qs, i ov ij Sevrepa rpoTTis.
^ Prellwitz Etym. W'drterb. d. Or. SprP- p. 481 cp. p. 480 s.v. (fioXay^ and p. 491 s.v.
(pXia, F. Kluge Etymologisches Worterbuch der deutschen Sprachc ^ Strassburg 1 899 p. 28 s.v.